|
|
Vliv pohlaví králíků plemene velký světlý stříbřitý na jatečnou hodnotu
Sysel, Zdeněk
In the literary part, thesis deal with the evolution of domestic rabbit, it´s expansion around the world and taxonomical classification of Lagomorpha order. It is also mentioned actual situation about inland production of rabbit meat and characteristic of broiler rabbit, which is the main product of rabbit breading. In the thesis is description of performance characteristics of rabbits, carcass value and effects affecting carcass value. The thesis describing rabbit meat, benefits of consumption and chemical composition of meat. The end of the literary part mentions the muscular system, skeletal muscles and the basic structure of the muscle fibre. The experimental part evaluates carcass value and deals with the chemical analysis of domestic rabbit muscle and the amounts of fatty acids contained in rabbit meat. The results are compared between the male and female groups. The results are a higher slaughter value, more than 5 %, in the group of females (58 %) and higher slaughter weight in this group. Research has also found a lower amount of intramuscular fat and protein in the meat of male rabbits. Higher amounts of palmitoleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids are contained in the muscles of females. Other acids - myristic, palmitic and stearic are more contained in the male meat.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení chovu plemene Wagyu v podmínkách konkrétního chovu v ČR
Hortová, Sára
The Bachelor thesis is devoted to a comprehensive evaluation of Wagyu meat breeding on Horky farm, as it is a very rare product in the Czech agriculture. In the first part of the thesis, I focus on the overall evaluation of the breeding using meat performance indicators, namely: carcass yield, average daily gain, JUT weight, pre-slaughter weight, weight differences among 120, 210 and 365 days and reproductive traits, which are processed using mathematical and statistical methods in the period 2016-2019. In the second part, I focus on the economic evaluation of the farm during the period 2019-2022, in which the SWOT analysis method was used, followed by an evaluation of the cost and revenue structure of the farm. Lastly, an analysis of ratio indicators, i.e. profitability, activity, indebtedness and liquidity, was made. The calculated values show that the farm is loss-making in 3 out of 4 years due to the high costs, long fattening period and lower reproduction.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení růstu a základních ukazatelů jatečné hodnoty jehňat kříženců plemen romney marsh a clun forest
Minářová, Tereza
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the growth and basic indicators of carcass value of romney marsh lambs (RM) and crossbreeds of romney marsh and clun forest (CF x RM). The study was carried out in 2019 on the family organic farm in Budeč. The first part of this work is a literature summary that represents problematics of growth and carcass value of lambs. It also deals with the possible effects of various factors on the parameters of growth ability and carcass value of lambs. The next section presents characteristics of the farm and monitored breeds of sheep. The growth was evaluated on the 25 male lambs sample. Live weight was measured at birth, at 70 days, at 100 days and at 130 days. Based on these live weights average daily gain at each interval was calculated. Further, the effect of genotype and interaction of genotype and litter size on live weight and daily gain were evaluated. The genotype had no significant effect on any of the live weights. In terms of average daily gain, the genotype had a significant effect only at some intervals of lamb´s life. Higher live weight at 100 days of age (28.2 kg) and higher daily gain from birth to 100 days (234.9 g) were found out in RM lambs. The effect of the interaction of genotype and litter size was found for most of the monitored live weights and average daily gains. In RM lambs, higher live weight at 100 days (32.0 kg) and higher daily gain in the interval from birth to 100 days (268.4 g) were found in singles. But in CF x RM lambs, these results were higher for twins. For control slaughter 10 male lambs were slaughtered of which 5 of them were RM and 5 of them were CF x RM. As part of the assessment basic indicators of carcass value and the influence of genotype on these indicators, the live weight before slaughter, carcass weight, weight of skin, weight of selected internal organs and right leg weight were determined. Meatiness and fatness were also subjectively evaluated. Slightly better results were found in CF x RM male lambs. In terms of the influence of genotype on carcass value and weight and proportion of viscera, none of the results of the control slaughter were statistically significant.
|
|
|
Analysis of growth characteristics and carcass composition of selected hybrid combinations of pigs
KOMOSNÝ, Michal
Two hybrid combinations with an almost equal ratio of barrows and gilts (Large White Landrace) (Large White-sire line Pietrain) - experiment 1 and (Large White Landrace) Pietrain - experiment 2 were included to the monitoring (70 head). The rearing of piglets was going on in the experiment 1 from 25 to 60 days of age and in the experiment 2 from 28 to 63 days of age. Higher live weight and average daily gain were achieved in barrows of both hybrid combinations. A lower consumption of feed per 1 kg of gain was found in barrows. Feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was statistically significantly influenced by gender in the experiment 1. In the experiment 1, fattening was going on from 60 days of age and was evaluated up to 130 days of age. The first group was fed with an ad libitum diet (AD), the second group was fed with a moderate restricted diet (MR) and the third group was fed with a strong restricted diet (SD). AD barrows and gilts achieved the highest live weight and average daily gain. The lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of gain and the highest lean meat content were recorded in barrows and gilts of SR. In almost all traits, with the exception of lean meat content, greater differences between groups of feeding methods were recorded in barrows. Live weight and average daily gain were significantly influenced by the feeding methods. Feed consumption per 1 kg gain was significantly influenced by gender. Experiment 2 was going on from 63 days of age and is evaluated up to 133 days of age. The first group was fed with an ad libitum diet (AD), the second group was fed with a restricted diet from 85 kg live weight (R2) and the third group was fed with a restricted diet from 65 kg live weight (R3). Also in the experiment 2, the highest live weight and average daily gain were in AD barrows and gilts and the lowest in R65 groups. The differences between ad libitum or by restricted-fed pigs were not as significant as in the experiment 1. The lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was in barrows R65 and gilts R85. Lean meat content was the highest in AD barrows and R65 gilts. Live weight and average daily gain were significantly influenced by the feeding method and gender. Feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was significantly influenced by the feeding method. The slaughter value traits were converted to an age of 148.9 days in the experiment 1. The highest slaughter weight was in AD barrows and gilts. The lowest average backfat thickness and with a related highest lean meat content (FOM) were in SR barrows and gilts. The highest pH45 was in barrows of both restricted groups and MR gilts. The lowest drip loss was in SR barrows and MR gilts. The highest IMF content was recorded in AD barrows and gilts. Backfat thickness and lean meat content (FOM) were significantly influenced by the feeding method. Lean meat content (FOM) in the AD group and MLLT area in the SR group were significantly influenced by gender. The slaughter value traits were converted to an age of 141.3 days in the experiment 2. The highest slaughter weight was in barrows and AD gilts. The lowest backfat thickness was in R85 barrows and R65 gilts. The highest lean meat content (FOM) was in the R85 groups for both sexes. The highest pH45 was in barrows AD and gilts R85. The lowest drip loss and the highest content of IMF was in barrows and gilts R65. The results of the experiment 1 for the hybrid combination (LW L) (LWSL Pn) showed that it is suitable to use ad libitum feeding for both gilts and barrows, depending on the technological and organizational possibilities of the breeder, to apply a stronger feeding restriction. In terms of costs per 1 kg of gain, it was shown in the experiment 2 for the hybrid ombination (LW L) Pn as the most suitable feed restriction from 85 kg of live weight, when the growth potential of pigs was best utilized with adequate feed conversion. Results of the trials showed excellent growth potential
|
|
|
Analýza ukazatelů výkrmnosti jatečných prasat a jejich zatřídění do SEUROP systému
FRANCOVÁ, Magdaléna
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the production parameters at the particular pig farm. In 2020, the average initial weight at fattening was 29.1 kg and pigs were fattened up to an average final weight of 108.5 kg. The average daily gain was 886 g with feed conversion ratio of 2.86 kg and the mortality rate of 2.62%. In 2021, the average initial weight in fattening was 28.8 kg and the average final weight reached 112.0 kg. The average daily gain was 896 g, feed conversion was 2.86 kg and the mortality rate was 2.22%. In 2020, the average carcass weight was 86.0 kg and the lean meat content was 57.5%. In 2021, the average carcass weight was 88.7 kg and the lean meat content was 58.5%. In 2020, most carcasses were classified in class E (62.0% resp. 42.7%), the second most numerous class was class U (22.8% resp. 24.6%), followed by class S (12.4% resp. 29.4%) at the slaughterhouse I resp. II. The results in 2021 were similar. 65.3% resp. 60,8% of carcasses were included in class E, 18.4% resp. 10.7% in class U and 14.0% resp. 27.3% in class S at the slaughterhouse I resp. II.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení ukazatelů výkrmnosti v chovu prasat
ROHÁČEK, Daniel
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate fattening parameters and carcass value of pigs at a particular agriculture company. Parameters of fattening were monitored in terms of farms, i.e., farm N (84 fattening cycles) and farm M (93 fattening cycles) and in terms of year, i.e., the years 2018-2020. The initial live weight of pigs in the farm N was 24.8 kg, in the farm M was 23.0 kg (p < 0.05). The final live weight in the farm N was 115.2 kg. However, in the farm M the final live weight was higher, namely 117.3 kg (p < 0.05). The average daily gain in the farm N was 979 g, but in the farm M was 10 g lower. Feed mixture consumption per 1 kg of weight gain was almost identical in both farms. In the farm N the feed consumption was 2.34 kg and in the farm M was 2.33 kg. Feed mixture consumption per day in the farm N was 2.29 kg, in the farm M was 2.25 kg (p < 0.05). The mortality in the farm N was 1.57%. However, mortality in the farm M was higher, namely 1.99% (p < 0.05). Total of 2 498 carcasses from the farm N and 2 771 carcasses from the farm M were used for evaluation of the carcass value. Subsequently, the average carcass weight in the farm N was determined at 88.5 kg with 58,1% proportion of lean meat. The average carcass weight in the farm M was 93.2 kg with 57,7% proportion of lean meat (p < 0.05). Most of the carcasses from both farms were ranked in the grading class E (farm N - 71.0%, farm M - 71.7%). 17,7% of carcasses from the farm N and 14.2% carcasses from the farm M were classified in class S. Finally, most of the carcasses from the farm N were classified in the weight category 80-89.9 kg and in the case of the farm M the most carcasses were classified in the weight category 90-99.9 kg.
|
|
|
Porovnání ukazatelů jatečné hodnoty dvou hybridních kombinací jatečných prasat
DVOŘÁK, Josef
There were gaged indexes of 32 fattening cycles of hybrid Topigs and 31 fattening cycles of hybrid Danbred. Starting live weight of hybrid Topigs was 30.1 kg and hybrid Danbred 28.1 kg (P < 0.05). Final live weight of hybrid Topigs was 112.5 kg and hybrid Danbred 114 kg. Average daily gain of hybrid Topigs was 0.81 kg/pcs and hybrid Topigs was 0.9 kg/pcs (P < 0.05). Consumption of complete feed mixture per kilogram of gain of hybrid Topigs was 2.82 kg and hybrid Danbred 2.76 kg. The loss caused by death of pigs in the fattening period was 1.39% f hybrid Topigs was 3.87 % and hybrid Danbred (P < 0.05). There were looked carcass value of 2 374 pcs of hybrid Topigs and 2 468 pcs of hybrid Danbred. Average weight of carcass of hybrid Topigs was 88.1 kg with average part of muscles 57.5%. Average weight of carcass of hybrid Topigs was 91.4 kg (P < 0.05) with average part of muscles 59.1% (P < 0.05). As regards hybrid Topigs, there were classified 12,2% of carcasses in the quality class "S", 72% in the quality class "E" and 15,8% in the quality class "U". And of hybrid Danbred, there were classified 32.9 % of carcasses in the quality class "S", 61,9% in the quality class "E" and 5.2 % in the quality class "U". There were classified 78.5% of hybrid Topigs and 69.7% of hybrid Danbred in weight range 8099.9 kg.
|
|
|
Vliv hybridní kombinace a porážkové hmotnosti na jatečnou hodnotu prasat
SCHEUFLER, Vladimír
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the dependence of the carcass value of pigs on the slaughter weight and the hybrid combination.The carcass value represents a summary concept characterized by a complex of quantitative and qualitative indicators. The slaughter weight and the influence of a breed are two main factors, wich are affecting the carcass value. It is impossible to concentrate all required commercial attributes at a corresponding level in single breed, therefore it is necessary to obtain final hybrids by a targeted selection and deliberate combination of breeds, thus reaching satisfying results for both producers and customers.
|
|
|
The comparison of the results of fattening bulls of different breeds under the same conditions
KUBALOVÁ, Markéta
Cattle husbandryhas a long tradition in the Czech Republic agriculture.Husbandry of dairy cattle is being replaced by husbandry of beef breeds andits count has been increasing in recent years. Approximately 191 thousand of suckler cow was kept on 1st April 2014 according toCzech Statistical Office. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to analyse beef performance of fattening beef breeds, specifically crossbreds of charolais and piemontese breed, where asconditions under which fattening happened were same. The evaluation of chosen performance traits was carried out on 44 crossbreds from Old Town farm located near city of Frýdek-Místek. Groups of bulls were created according to the breed and year of slaughter. The slaughter age, live weight, carcass weight, net gain, average daily gain, and SEUROP system classification into meatiness and fat cover classes. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and StatsoftStatistica. T-test was used to assess significance of differences. The slaughter weight of charolais crossbreds was 636.97 (slaughter age 728.91 days), with piemontese crossbreds 639.17 kg (slaughter age 736.52 days). Minimal difference was found at carcass weight (357.85 kg in charolais, 359.08 kg in piemontese respectively). Average daily gains were also balanced 818.61 g (charolais) and 814.86 g (piemontese). Net gain difference was also low, net gain of charolais crossbreds was 490.74 g per day respectively 488.31 g per day within group of piemontese crossbreds. Differences between breeds were not statistically significant. The difference between slaughter year (2013 and 2014) was also assessed but it was not significant too. Carcass classification according to SEUROP system was in case of charolais crossbreds most often in class R (75 %), while piemontese crossbreds were mostly classified into class R (54.55 %) and U (45.45 %) in 2013. In 2014, carcass of charolais crossbreds was most often in class U (45.45 %) and E (36.36 %), carcass of piemontese in class E (30 %), U (40 %) and R (30 %). Fatness classification within two years of observation was, in all cases, into class 1. Findings did not show that under the certain conditions there were no differences between charolais and piemontese crossbreds. The difference in evaluated traits between years 2013 and 2014 within those breeds was also not confirmed which points out constancy of husbandry condition. The important thing for farmer is carcass classification according to SEUROP system and results show that piemontese crossbred carcasses are favourably classified.
|
|
|
Analysis of the classification of pig carcasses at selected abattoirs
JANDOVÁ, Renáta
The goal of this thesis was analyze indicators collected during classification of carcass of final hybrids of pigs. Based on this information it was statistically evaluated a set of animals slaughtered in over a period of 1 year. It was analyzed 65 535 carcasses of pigs at all. Carcasses included in the SEUROP system (64 470 pigs) was divided into 6 the weight interval from 60 to 120 kg in increments of 10 kilos.
|
guest ::
