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Repatriation of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in Czech Republic
ŠRÁMEK, Jiří
This work would summarized the general knowledge about salmon, present information about this field, obtained results of salmon repatriation and possibilities of development this project. Work is further focused in artificial breeding of salmon in incubators and its production for stocking to inland water, the evaluation of factors which influence this activity and possible proposals for new localities and methods to project continuation.
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EFFECT OF REARING HEIFERS GRAZING ON MILK YIELD AND FERTILITY
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Lenka
The agricultural cooperative Opařany 160 pieces were selected for breeding cows anddivided into two groups. Pasture rearing and stable rearing. Which was observed fertility and milk yield. After an overall assessment of the breeding heifers, in 2007 the results of reproduction was worse in pasture system of heifer rearing. By contrast, in the next reporting period in 2008 the grazing system of heifer rearing embody improved results than rearing in stables. After a general evaluation of milk yield, the grazing system of heifer rearing is worse in 2007. In particural the amount of milk in kg and kg of protein. By contrast, in the next reporting period in 2008 the grazing system of heifer rearing reachedimproved results compared stable rearing. And as the number of milked milk in kg, and milk ingredients - % fat, which is in pasture breeding higher in all of KU. The reason of low milk yield results and reproduction charakteristic is especially in poor nutrition and ill-prepared rations, or fed on poor quality components. In the grazing system of rearing the lack of growth in individual animals is due to missing supplementary feed. And for both groups, we should look for causes of poor management and the transfer of young animals to the reproduction and subsequent production should be taken into account the current condition, not age.
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Breeding on the primary school
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with breeding at primary school. In the Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education is included in the educational field Man and the world of work. Pupils are brought into contact with animals in the household and hygiene conditions and farming. This work determines the extent of knowledge that students have in this area and how they relate generally to the animals. On the basis of educational tests and questionnaires which were filled in by eigth grade´s pupils a research was carried out. The results are summarized in this diploma thesis.
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The comparison of two breed of sheeps reared in the same area
RAABOVÁ, Alena
The comparison of two breed of sheeps reared in the same area. The aim of the master thesis was the evaluation of the level of the reproductive and the productive traits by the two breeds of sheeps in the area of Novohradské Hory Mts. The examination was conducted from 2006 to 2009. The farm recording and the author´s personal observation were both used for the evaluation. The following traits were recorded: insemination, fertility, intensity, lamb rearing, infertility, mortality. The production traits recorded were the weight of the wool and weight gain in 100 days after the birth. The following results (arithmetic means) were obtained: the rate of insemination by the Valaška breed was 94.3 %, fertility 168.4 %, intensity 158.5 % and the lamb rearing 150.2 %. The rate of infertility was 5.9 % and rate of mortality 5.1 %. The average wool weight was 2.21 kg and the weight gain 175.8 g day-1. By the Merinolandschaf breed, the rate of insemination was 87 %, fertility 134.4 %, intensity 116.1 % and the lamb rearing 101.5 %. The rate of infertility was 13.2 % and rate of mortality 8.8 %. The average wool weight was 4.2 kg and the weight gain 236.9 g day-1. The herd A revealed better results as regards the reproduction traits while the herd B revealed better results concerning the production traits. The significant differences between the examined herd of Valaška sheeps and the Czech population were found in the fertility, intensity and the lamb rearing (T test). By the Merinolandschaf herd, the significant differences from the Czech population were found by the weight gains (T test). The significant differences between the two breeds were found in the fertility, intensity and lamb rearing (T test).
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Comparison of growth and survival of selected tench breeds in performance test
PRCHAL, Martin
This thesis is focused on comparison of performance traits of growth and survival of selected breeds of the common tench using the pure-blooded animal breeding method. The best way how to compare performance traits of particular breeds is through so-called performance tests. For this thesis following breeds were chosen: Vodňanské -(V), Hlubocké(H), Königswartha (German - N), Mariansko-Lázeňské (ML) and Romanian(R). The Golden tench were chosen as a control breed in order to correct the influence of the environment on the weight achieved. The testing began with selection and stripping preparation of spawners of relevant breeds selected for testing. Own performance test of selected groups proceeded from yolk - sac fry to the age of L2 in ponds with semi-intensive farming. Each tested breed was bred in the first growing period and in winter period together with the control group only. After group marking (the second growing period) by the cryogenic method, all breeds were bred together with triplication. In the first testing period reproductive parameters of spawners and their weight and survival of tested breeds were evaluated, in other period only weight and survival were evaluated. Reproductive parameters in males did not vary statistically in none of the parameters using any statistical method. In females significant differences were proved only between the breeds ?Hluboká? and the control breed. After the second growing period the highest weight was achieved by the Mariánsko-Lázeňské breed (112.9 ? 44.9 g), whose weight was statistically comparable only with German breed (105.4 ? 32.4 g). The survival after this period ranged from 70,4 % (Romanian breed) to 84,1% (Mariánsko-Lázeňské breed) and all breeds had statistically comparable values. The best performance traits after the second year of testing was achieved by the Mariánsko-Lázeňské breed.
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The application of AFLP fingerprinting in breeding of Brassica napus
CUŘÍNOVÁ, Petra
AFLP markers are widely used in breeding in some other crops, but their utilization in breeding of Brassica crops is not so frequent. AFLP markers are used for molecular characterization of particular varieties or genotypes and for evaluation of genetic diversity. The aim of this thesis was the application of this method in breeding of rapeseed and in comparative study of genetic variability of different oil seed rape cultivars of Czech, Czechoslovak and German origin. AFLP is based on selective amplification of genomic DNA. Technique consists of three basic steps: 1. restriction of genomic DNA on smaller fragments and ligation of adaptors; 2. selective amplification of fragments with specific primers and 3. electrophoresis of products and computer analysis (Vos et al., 1995). In this thesis 16 Czech (CZ) and Czechoslovak (CZS) and 16 German (G) cultivars of oilseed rape were compared. Two specific primers, EcoRI AGC and fluorescence labeled primer MseI ACC, were chosen for AFLP method. It was possible to distinguish group of CZ/CZS and G cultivars, which have origin in gene resources from Czech Republic and Germany. AFLP technique allows detection of very small differences in Brassica genome. The differences between studied cultivars exist, but they are not very distinct. They show on certain relationship and reduction of genetic basis of genetic resources, which are used in Central Europe.
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Verification of possibility to breed chosen aquarium fish species in outdoor basins
DENKOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of the work was to find out the possibilities of outside breeding of chosen fish species: Phalloceros caudimaculatus, Gambusia affinis, Danio rerio, Macropodus opercularis and Tanichthys albonubes. Fish were placed into basins and left there for five months (may ? october). Water temperature was measured once a week, water parameters ( pH, temperature, conductivity, oxygen) were measured once a month. Fish were netted after air temperatures decreased nearly on the zero point. They were counted, results were put into graphs or tabs.
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Possibilities of increasing of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) quality stock production for running waters
NEBESKÝ, Václav
European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) is important and ancestral kind of fish in Czech Republic. Today number of grayling in open waters is decreasing. It caused many reasons. Mainly increasing fishing pressure, unfavourable regulation of streams, water pollutinon, raising occurrence of predators etc. That is why is necessarily devote care to this problem. Main goals of this work were optimalization of technologies to decrease post-spawning mortality of grayling spawners. Optimalization of technologies for breedig offspring of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.). Use artificially propagated stock of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) in conditions of open waters. Experiments were done in Blanice River in South Bohemia (Czech Republic) and a hatchery of the Czech Anglers´ Union in Husinec. Part works were done in 2005, but majority in 2006. Results of this work indicate that is possible decrease post-spawning mortality of grayling spawners with using antibiotics. Also using stockfish from controlled conditions for restocking the open waters is conditionally possible. Problem is however with high losses after release.
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EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF THE BREEDS OF COMMON CARP AND ITS CROSSBREDS
KŘÍŽ, Michal
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the performance parameters of the breeds of common carp and its crossbreds by using the top-crossing. On the maternal position the Hungarian synthetic mirror carp line (HSM) was used. On this line, males of HSM, Telč mirror carp (TeL), Northern mirror carp (M72) and Amur mirror carp (AL) were crossed and a hybrid of Ropsha carp (ROP) and Tata carp (TAT) was used as their control group. Rearing of the tested groups was monitored from larval stage until their market size in ponds with a semi-intensive way of management in three localities (2 organisations). In the first year, each tested group was bred individually with internal control group of a different scaly covering phenotype in order to correct the influence of the environment on the weight achieved. In the second and the third year, all the groups were group-labelled and bred together in triplicate (three ponds) localities. In the individual stages of testing, the weight and the survival rate were recorded. Moreover, in the market size stage the biometric measurement and slaughtering value were evaluated. In the overall assessment of the results from all the localities carried out by the ANCOVA procedure, the highest weight at the K3 age was achieved by the hybrid HSM x AL (1413 {$\pm$} 31.5 g; Last square means {$\pm$} S.E.), whose weight was statistically comparable to the other hybrids (HSM x M72 a HSM x TeL). However, it was the only noticeably higher weight in comparison with the HSM (1257 {$\pm$} 31.5 g) with its ordinary heterosis effect of growth on the level of 12.4%. During the third year of testing, the survival ranged from 69.0 % in HSM x Tel to 73.4% in HSM x AL and the values were statistically comparable. The yield parameters (the proportion of the processed body, the proportion of filets with skin and the skinless ones) were similar in all the groups. In the previous periods of testing the results reflected the situation in the market size. As a result, it is concluded that preferably the hybrid HSM x AL could be exploitable in commercial breeding.
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