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Production and use of blood products in the Regional Trutnov Hospital.
Rosová, Valérie ; Červená, Gabriela (advisor) ; Honegrová, Barbora (referee)
Title of Diploma Thesis: Production and use of transfusion products in the District Hospital Trutnov. Aim of the work: The aim was to evaluate the production of transfusion products (TP) in the period 2014-2019 at the Transfusion and Hematology Department (THO) in the District Hospital Trutnov and their use for hemotherapy by individual medical disciplines. Futhermore, to compare the production of TP within the Czech Republic together with selected European countries. The incidence of post-transfusion reactions and other adverse events during the reporting period is also included. Material and methods: The methodological part describes the standard procedures of pre- transfusion examination using the column agglutination method from the company Grifols, S.A., laboratory examination of donors and transfusion products manufactured at the Transfusion Department Trutnov. Conclusion: Despite all the recommendations and efforts to reduce the use of transfusion products, this condition has not been proven both in our department, within the Czech Republic and in Europe. This work recommends deleucotization of transfusion products for the national and European part, unification of procedures for transfusion in a given disease, mandatory introduction of NAT testing to minimize the risk of transmission...
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The characterization of blood platelet cellular prion protein
Broučková, Adéla ; Holada, Karel (advisor) ; Matěj, Radoslav (referee) ; Suttnar, Jiří (referee)
The conformational conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPc) to the misfolded isoform (PrPsc) is the central pathogenic event in the transmissible neurodegenerative prion diseases. The recently shown transmissibility of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion emphasizes the need for better understanding of the PrPc in blood. In the current thesis, we focused on blood platelet PrPc, which has not been very well described so far. In the first part of the thesis, platelet PrPc was characterized as glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored glycoprotein with dominant diglycosylated form. Platelet PrPc was shown to be sensitive to cleavage with proteinase K, which is a feature discriminating between cellular and pathological prion protein. We have confirmed that platelet PrPc binds copper ions by its N- terminal octapeptide repeat region. Regarding quantity of PrPc molecules expressed on blood elements we have proved that both platelets and red blood cells express considerable amount of PrPc and thus can not be neglected in the problematic of prions transmission by blood transfusion. The detailed study regarding PrPc localization in blood platelets is presented in the second part of the thesis. PrPc was shown to be expressed in -granules as well as on the cytoplasmic membrane of...
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Optimizing of the regime of marker's examination of clinically important infections in blood donors
Dušková, Daniela ; Tesař, Vladimír (advisor) ; Borovanský, Jan (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
Project title: Optimalization of the regime of marker's examination of clinically important infections in blood donors Project author: Daniela Dušková, M.D. Project supervisor: prof. Vladimír Tesař, M.D., Dr.Sc., MBA, FASN The aim of this project is to contribute to the discussion about introducing the methods of molecular biology into the routine blood donor testing in the transfusions departments in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part includes a brief history and some turning points in transfusion medicine. The next part within the theoretical section is dedicated to the problems of infectious diseases concerning transfusion and the general examination processes used during the selection of blood donors. The end of the theoretical part concentrates on existing possibilities of markers' examination of clinically important infections in blood donors, including the list of processes performed in the Czech Republic, the European Union and other countries. The practical part describes this study, ie. the routine screening test of blood donors using the CMIA method (a routine method) and using RT-Real Time PCR method (a molecular biology method) for detecting infectious markers (HCV, HBV, HIV). Within this part, the principle of both methods and the process of actual examinations are described in...
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Whole Blood - New Blood Component Containing Platelets
Nováková, Kateřina ; Červená, Gabriela (advisor) ; Honegrová, Barbora (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Kateřina Nováková Supervisor: RNDr. Gabriela Červená, Ph.D. plk. MUDr. Miloš Bohoněk, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Whole blood - New Blood Component Containing Platelets Background: The aim of this thesis was to evaluate in vitro quality parameters and haemostatic function of leucodepleted WB and their comparison with non-leucodepleted WB. The same way the quality parameters (RBC, PLT, HB and hemolysis) of erythrocyte blood component were measured and compared in day D14, D21, D35 and D42. Methods: WB collected from 30 healthy group A donors was divided into two groups - leucodepleted (LWB), using in-line platelet-sparing filters and collected to a blood bag system IMUFLEX® WB-SP (Terumo BCT, USA) and non-leucodepleted WB (NLWB), colletected to a blood bag system CompoFlex® Single System (Fresenius Kabi, Germany). Both groups were stored at 42řC for 14 days and following parameters were measured in days D0, D1, D3, D5, D10 and D14: WBC, RBC, PLT, HB, hemolysis, pH, TEG, FVIII, TT, PT, aPTT, aggregometry, concentration of PF4 and sCD40L (ELISA). Moreover, in days D0, D7 and D14 was measured the level of expression of platelet activation marker CD62P (P-selectin), CD42b, CD61 by...
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Application of transfusion in time of nursing practice
SPILKOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis "Application of transfusion in time of nursing practice" is founded on the theoretical basis. The aim is to analyse the evolution of using the blood transfusion and to examine the changes in position of nurse during the process. The thesis is written as historical-analytical study of primary and secondary sources supported by individual interpretation of these texts. There are two questions to be answered in the analytical part. The first one asks how the transfusion changes in time? The use of transfusion started with an attempt to apply this technique first to animals and then to people. The major milestones for further development of using blood transfusion were the discoveries of bloodstream, blood groups and Rh system of blood groups. Next, the thesis explores the aspects which might have changed the position of nurse during the process of transfusion. The analysis shows that these aspects are mainly law, decree and the progress of health care. Blood has always been one of the main focuses of human kind. In antiquity, the blood was used during the ceremonial sacrifices. The first transfusion is dated to 1490. With the discovery of the bloodstream by William Harvey in the 17th century, the awareness about function of blood and the treatment of bleeding raised. After this discovery there were many attempts to use transfusion but most of them ended unsuccessfully in death or damaged health. The use of transfusion gained its popularity in the 20th century with the discovery of blood groups and Rh system of blood groups. The position of the nurse during the transfusion process is recorded from the 20th century.
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Optimizing of the regime of marker's examination of clinically important infections in blood donors
Dušková, Daniela ; Tesař, Vladimír (advisor) ; Borovanský, Jan (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
Project title: Optimalization of the regime of marker's examination of clinically important infections in blood donors Project author: Daniela Dušková, M.D. Project supervisor: prof. Vladimír Tesař, M.D., Dr.Sc., MBA, FASN The aim of this project is to contribute to the discussion about introducing the methods of molecular biology into the routine blood donor testing in the transfusions departments in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part includes a brief history and some turning points in transfusion medicine. The next part within the theoretical section is dedicated to the problems of infectious diseases concerning transfusion and the general examination processes used during the selection of blood donors. The end of the theoretical part concentrates on existing possibilities of markers' examination of clinically important infections in blood donors, including the list of processes performed in the Czech Republic, the European Union and other countries. The practical part describes this study, ie. the routine screening test of blood donors using the CMIA method (a routine method) and using RT-Real Time PCR method (a molecular biology method) for detecting infectious markers (HCV, HBV, HIV). Within this part, the principle of both methods and the process of actual examinations are described in...
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Early postoperative care of the patient with the left ventricular assist device HeartMate II
Malá, Irena ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Slabý, Josef (referee)
Author's name: Bc. Irena Malá School: Charles university, Prague 1st Faculty of Medicine Institut of Theory and Practice of Nursing Vídeňská 800, 140 59 Prague 4 - Krč Program: Health Care Administration Title: Early postoperative care of the patient with the left ventricular assist device HeartMate II Diploma thesis supervisor: PhDr. Hocková Jana, PhD. Number of pages: 170 Number of attachments: 41 Year: 2013 Key words: early postoperative care, hypotermia, blood transfusion, fluid resuscitation, perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction, pharmacologic support, ventricular assist device HeartMateII, monitoration, device, cardiac arrhythmias, ventilation management, postoperative anticoagulation, glycemic kontrol, renal insufficiency, nutrition, nursing, complications, physiotherapy, psychological aspects The occurrence of the heart failure is similar to an epidemic with high mortality. This fact, together with stagnate or even decreasing number of suitable donors, led to a need of replacing the heart pump activity with an artificial one. Mechanical cardiac support systems are sophisticated devices that are able to support a certain period of time or completely replace the function of the heart as a pump. The indications implantation of mechanical cardiac support is significant symptomatic heart...
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The characterization of blood platelet cellular prion protein
Broučková, Adéla ; Holada, Karel (advisor) ; Matěj, Radoslav (referee) ; Suttnar, Jiří (referee)
The conformational conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPc) to the misfolded isoform (PrPsc) is the central pathogenic event in the transmissible neurodegenerative prion diseases. The recently shown transmissibility of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion emphasizes the need for better understanding of the PrPc in blood. In the current thesis, we focused on blood platelet PrPc, which has not been very well described so far. In the first part of the thesis, platelet PrPc was characterized as glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored glycoprotein with dominant diglycosylated form. Platelet PrPc was shown to be sensitive to cleavage with proteinase K, which is a feature discriminating between cellular and pathological prion protein. We have confirmed that platelet PrPc binds copper ions by its N- terminal octapeptide repeat region. Regarding quantity of PrPc molecules expressed on blood elements we have proved that both platelets and red blood cells express considerable amount of PrPc and thus can not be neglected in the problematic of prions transmission by blood transfusion. The detailed study regarding PrPc localization in blood platelets is presented in the second part of the thesis. PrPc was shown to be expressed in -granules as well as on the cytoplasmic membrane of...
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RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY JEHOVAH´S WITNESSES AND ETHICAL QUESTIONS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION
KYSELOVÁ, Jitka
Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses and ethical questions of blood transfusion The refusing of blood transfusion is a one point of the doctrine of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses. Deprecation like this can endanger patient´s life and opens many ethic questions and dilemmas. The main goal of this thesis is a survey of blood transfusion problems and comparison of different views of current and ex members of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses and doctors. This thesis was elaborated with using qualitative research methods {--} with using questionnaires. The first research group was built from current and ex members of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses. The second one was generated from doctors from chosen departments. Gaining data was very difficult because the members of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses aren´t willing to give information about this question. From research work result that not all current members of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses refuse blood transfusion. The members that left religious comunity mostly don´t agree with blood transfusion refusing. Major part of doctors prefers saving life and health to complying with patient´s resolution. Respecting of patient´s resolution is bigger in non life-threatening situations and mainly when doctors are churchgoers. From research work also result doctor´s non-uniform attitude to blood transfusion serving in case that pacient {--} a member of Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses {--} is inconscious and in life-threatening situation and has a legal document that should guarantee not serving blood transfusion. The Religious community Jehovah´s Witnesses is certified religion in Czech Republic and we should respect their rights of religion {--} even if we don´t agree with their doctrina. It is important to find a good solution when doctors and patients have different opinion.
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