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Rezistence blýskáčka řepkového (Brassicogethes aeneus, Fabr. 1775) k vybraným účinným látkám insekticidů
Langová, Melanie
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the status of resistance of the pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus, Fabr. 1775) to selected active ingredients of insecticides in 2020. The tested active ingredients were lambda-cyhalothrin, tau-fluvalinate, indoxacarb and Biscaya 240 OD (thiacloprid) according to IRAC testing methodology (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) 011, 021 and 027 (adult vial test). After application of different concentrations of the insecticides were statistically evaluated their percent-age efficacy, degree of resistance of the population and lethal dose by Polo Plus 2.0 software. Based on the results, it was found that Brassicogethes aeneus populations showed resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin and tau-fluvalinate. Individuals were highly sensitive to indoxacarb. Brassicogethes aeneus showed considerable variability in the degrees of resistance against Biscaya 240 OD. Indoxacarb appears momentally to be the best way of plant protection, but further monitoring is important.
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Rezistence blýskáčka řepkového (Meligethes aeneus, Fabr. 1775) k insekticidům
Jetmarová, Zuzana
The aim of this thesis was to find the current occurrence of resistant sub-population of pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus Fabricius, 1775) to the selected species active ingredients and the preparation. Adults of pollen beetles were collected from commonly used fields of oilseed rape plants at the time of the first process of flowering until the end of the entire flowering process. The sample collection was carried out during years 2012 and 2013 in twenty locations in the Czech Republic. The Levels of resistance were assessed in a laboratory test called Adult-vial- Test according to official methods used by the International Resistance Action Committee (IRAC). The first part of this thesis describes the biology of pollen beetles. It also describes other pests found on the oilseed rape plant. It further explains the basic concepts and summarizes the occurrence of resistant sub-populations of Pollen beetle in the Czech Republic and other European countries. The second part of this thesis constitutes the practical aspect of the research where there is testing of the resistance of sub-populations of pollen beetles on used active ingredients and the preparation of Biscaya 240 OD.
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Rezistence blýskáčka řepkového k vybraným účinným látkám insekticidů
Šafaříková, Hana
This thesis was compiled during the solution of the project MA NAZV QJ1230077 and it is focuses on monitoring of pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus, Fab., 1775) populations resistence to selected insecticides, in particular lambda-cyhalotrin, cypermetrin, tau-fluvalinate, Biscaya 240 OD and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in South Moravia. Beetles were collected during the spring 2016. Their sensitivity to these insecticides active ingredients was tested in laboratory. Various concentrations of active substances and beetles´ mortality after 24 hours was evaluated according to methodology IRAC (adult-vial-test met. 11, 21, 25, www.irac-online.org). Beetles´ sensitivity depends on the dose of the active substance and the location where the beetles were taken from.
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Rezistence škůdců řepky k vybraným účinným látkám insekticidů
Hajda, Tomáš
Resistence population of pollen beattle on selected locations of Moravia and Silesia were observed during the 2017. Beattles were taked off in the field during spring and their sensitivity to insecticides active substances indoxacarb, chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, tau-fluvalinate, cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were tested in laboratory. Tested using methods of IRAC – 11, 21, 25 and 27. Mortality of beattles at various concentrations of active substances was evaluated after 24 hours. Levels of resistance were changed for individual location.
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Vliv prostorového rozmístění škůdců na růst a výnos řepky olejky =: The spatio-temporal distributions of pests in relation to growth and yield of winter oilseed rape /
Hlavjenka, Vojtěch
The within-field spatio-temporal distributions and relationships of cabbage stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus), pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus) and cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus) in a crop of winter oilseed rape were assessed in the Olomouc region over the course of 2014 – 2016. Distributions were analysed using SADIE analysis (Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs), and Quick Association Analysis was used for associations. A significant tendency towards aggregation of C. pallidactylus, B. aeneus and C. obstrictus was recorded on some sampling dates for all three years. The places with a non-random distribution, with higher and lower numbers of pests (patch and gap clusters), were located in different central and marginal zones of the fields. From the Quick Association Analysis a positive relationship was found between distributions of males and females of C. pallidactylus, males and females of C. pallidactylus × adults B. aeneus and adults of B. aeneus × C. obstrictus. Contrary to this, a mostly negative relationship was found between distributions of males and females of C. pallidactylus × adults of C. obstrictus. The spatial distribution of places with different lengths of stem injury caused by larvae Ceutorhynchus spp. as well as the distribution of places with different numbers of pods and seed yield was non-random in some years. A negative relationship was found between the distributions of females of C. pallidactylus during egg-laying period × distribution of places with different seed yield. In 2014 and 2015, a positive relationship was recorded between the dispersion of adults B. aeneus × distribution of places with different numbers of pods and seed yield. Contrary to this, in 2016, the relationship was negative. In 2015, a positive relationship was observed between the dispersion of adults C. obstrictus × distribution of places with different seed yield but in 2016 the relationship was negative.
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The early molecular detection of resistance in populations of pollen beetle
WALTEROVÁ, Lucie
The thesis deals with molecular detection of resistance in populations of pollen beetle based on genetic polymorphisms in the VSSC gene of this pest. Population samples were collected in 2016-2018 in the Czech Republic, mainly in the Southwestern Bohemian Region. A total of 57 populations of pollen beetles with different degrees of resistance were analyzed. Nucleotide mutations of populations were monitored in two parts of the VSSC gene of pollen beetles - DIIS4 - S5 linker / DIIS5 and DIIIS6 gene, which is located in the VSSC binding domain. These parts were amplified and sequenced by the Sanger method. In the alignment of final sequences, mutations were searched. After that, the effect of these mutations on the amino acid sequence was determined and the effect on the resulting VSSC protein conformation was assessed.
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Genetic polymorphism in populations of Meligethes aeneus with different resistance to insecticides
WALTEROVÁ, Lucie
Thesis deals with pollen beetle populations with various degrees of resistance to pyrethroids. Samples were collected in 13 locations in Czech Republice in 2016. DNA of beetles was isolated by CTAB PVP and Chelex 100. After that, molecular methods based on ISSR markers (Inter-simple sequence repeats) were used to distinguish between different pollen beetle populations. Different populations were described based on microsatellites and the results were processed by the PCA analysis (Principal component analysis). 5 ISSR primers were tried and one result of the primers was reproducible. On the base of matrix genetic distance were samples classified to clusters according to genetic similar by PCA analysis. In the next step author evaluated relationship of geografical distance and different ISSR profile. In the end of the work, author tried to amplificate gene encoding voltage-sensitive sodium channels.
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Methodology for evaluation of pest resistance to zoocides by biological methods and antiresistance staregies
Kocourek, František ; Stará, Jitka ; Zichová, Tereza ; Hubert, Jan ; Nesvorná, Marta
The methodology contains description of biological methods for evaluation of pest resistance to zoocides arranged according to world standards. The methods are verified on case studies on pests with proved resistance to insecticides or with high risk of selection of resistance in Czechia, as pollen beetle, Colorado potato beetle, cabbage seedpod weevil, cabbage stem flea beetle and codling moth. The methodology contains survey of basic principles of insect resistance management and proposals of antiresistant strategies for pest mentioned in the case studies. The methods for evaluation of resistance are utilized for resistance monitoring performed by state administration or other organisations. Recommendations given in antiresistant strategies are utilized for pest management in winter rape, potatoes and apples.
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