|
|
Quantitative methods for studying and monitoring of insect populations
Vašák, David ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Řeřicha, Michal (referee)
In the context of the necessity to research the global decline of insects, the scientific community has increasingly focused on the quantitative monitoring of insect populations, specifically their biomass and abundance. These metrics provide a different type of information on population trends compared to monitoring diversity or geographical distribution. However, interpreting population trends based on these metrics is accompanied by a number of challenges. This thesis highlights these issues and underscores the necessity of quantitative monitoring and its benefits for understanding insect population dynamics. Additionally, it provides an overview of the most commonly used methods for insect quantitative monitoring, ranging from traditional approaches to modern techniques. Lastly, it also presents studies that address the monitoring of insect biomass and abundance. Keywords: insect, biomass, abundance, population trends, insect decline, monitoring methods
|
|
|
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF SOLID BIOFUELS AND ASSOCIATED FINE PARTICLE GENERATION
Sitek, Tomáš ; Ličbinský, Roman (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Despite otherwise indisputable advantages, biomass burning is associated with significant emissions of fine particles. The different behavior of dissimilar types of biomass during thermal decomposition can be explained to some extent by the different composition, i.e. the different content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The main aim of this work was to find the emission characteristics of these three components during heating in a thermogravimetric analyzer. The monitored parameters were the heating rate and the oxygen content in the combustion atmosphere. The output is the dependence of the sample mass and also the corresponding distributions of particles on the temperature. The results show considerable differences between the individual samples, but in general the pyrolysis of cellulose produces the highest particle emissions. Higher oxygen content in the combustion atmosphere and lower heating rates cause earlier sample decomposition and reduce particulate emissions. This is followed by an evaluation of the transferability to a sample of a real biomass based on its known composition using a simple weighted arithmetic mean. Useful information on particle sampling and electron microscope visualization, supplemented by images of particles from the pyrolysis of selected samples can also be found in this work.
|
|
|
Grate Biomass Boiler
Kleinová, Martina ; Křemínský, Pavel (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
The main content of the thesis is the design of a steam boiler for biomass of smaller outputs of 6 MW. The fuel of the boiler was chosen spruce wood chip by 40% humidity. The parameters of the superheated steam are a temperature of 420 °C and a pressure of 40 bar. The work includes stoichiometric and thermal calculations, which are determined by fuel composition and output steam parameters. In the annex to the thesis, individual heat-exchange surfaces and the dimensional design of the boiler, including the layout, are marked. This work also features calculations of pressure losses on the part of both media.
|
|
|
Thermal analysis of fuels
Šrámek, Zbyněk ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Moskalík, Jiří (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to introduce the field of thermal analysis as an independent scientific discipline. The first section is mostly informative and introduces into a concept of thermal analysis. The second part describes the most fundamental and essential methods of thermal analysis and the last section is focused on evaluating a real thermogravimetric experiment which deals with biomass sample.
|
|
| |
|
|
Steam boiler burning fytomass waste
Plot, Rostislav ; Skála, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis deals with the calculation of the boiler on stillage. Nowadays, when there's fossil fuels are just biomass seems adequate compensation. The great advantage of biomass boilers is a small amount of emissions, especially the greenhouse gas CO2. Of a given fuel composition is made thermal calculation and dimensioning of heat transfer surfaces of steam boilers. The resulting calculation must follow the parameters of steam at the outlet from the boiler.
|
|
|
Energy balance of biomass heating plant
Žmolík, Václav ; Šen, Hugo (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This thesis deals with a design of a biomass heating plant combinating a Rankin-Clausius cyklus and a CHP unit. The CHP unit fuel is a biogas and the boiler fuel is a wooden chip. The adapted CHP unit regenerates feed-water of the R-C cycles. This design is technicaly and economicalty compared with the Rankin-Clausius cycle without feed-water regeneration by the CHP unit.
|
|
|
Boilers for solid fuel
Zezulka, Patrik ; Kudela, Libor (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the heating of houses with boilers for solid fuels. Thesis is divided into several parts. In the first part is dealt with most common solid fuels, their characteristics, composition and modifications for house heating. The second part is focused on solid fuel boilers, describes chosen boilers, their operation, their advantages and disadvantages. In the last part is economically assessed the suitability of selected solid fuel boilers for heating the model house.
|
|
|
Biomass use in district heating
Dlouhá, Kristýna ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the utilization of biomass in district heating. The introductory part of the thesis is dedicated to biomass, its division and ways of its utilization for energy purposes. The following section describes in more detail each of the technologies for power generation from biomass. In the third part, a few of our energy cogeneration sources are stated, they use previously mentioned technologies. At the end of the thesis there is a statistical overview of the utilization of biomass in district heating in the Czech Republic over the last 10 years.
|
|
| |
guest ::
