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U. S. Safety and Strategic Culture during Barack Obama's 2nd Term
Kafková, Markéta ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
This bachleor thesis is about U. S. safety and strategic culture during the 2nd term of presidency of Barack Obama. It works with the hypothesis that U. S. safety and strategic culture between the years of 2012 and 2016 has signs of multilateralism, prefers political solutions and prefers use of soft power over hard power. This hypothesis might be confirmed based on discourse analysis of speeches and treaties. It is based on theory of safety and strategic culture and using criteria such as unilateralism besides multilateralism, preventive action besides preemptive strikes and militarism besides political solutions, this thesis evaluates the 2nd term of presidency of Barack Obama.
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Assessment of the Foreign and Security Policy of the 43rd American President
Pospíšil, Tomáš ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Lacina, Karel (referee) ; Krč, Miroslav (referee)
The main aim of the final thesis is to assess American foreign and security policy during 2001 -- 2008 using concepts of security and strategic culture. Security and strategic culture (SSC) are rather new concepts in IR, but always more attention is paid to them. Poststructuralist conception was chosen as to be the main approach towards these concepts, since it enables to work with discursive actions of strategic and security elites. On the theoretical plane, concepts of SSC are elaborated and theoretically separated. The practical level scrutinizes how the SSC influenced the key decisions within examined period and what impact strategic and security elites had on changes of SSC. The last, assessing level, analyzes how the changes of the SSC identified on practical level, influenced American foreign and security policy and also main doctrinal documents. The main focus is on the attacks of 9/11 which had a great impact on such turbulent times, wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, which were fought in response to the above mentioned attacks, and changes of the foreign and security policy of the USA in the light of the unsuccessful Global War on Terror.
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The attitude of France towards the US security policy
Čmakalová, Kateřina ; Eichler, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Novák, Jaromír (referee) ; Adamec, Vilém (referee)
One of the most surprising aspects of the renaissance of scholarly interest in culture has been the emerging consensus in national security policy studies that culture effects significantly grand strategy and state behaviour. Therefore, the paper tries to advance rigorous procedures for testing for the existence and influence of security and strategic culture of different national states. It builds mainly on the definition of Alastair I. Johnston (1995) and Jeffrey S. Lantis (2002), who relate security and strategic culture with the definition of main goals/objectives of the state in security affairs and with ways of achieving them. As a case study, the paper will evaluate the approaches of the United States and France towards security threats in the early 21st century, especially towards the threat of global terrorism. It will assess whether and why when achieving security objectives, defined at the highest political level, persuasive or coercive strategy and military or non-military tools were preferred; whether negotiations, diplomacy and political pressure were favoured, or whether it was rather opted for deployment of armed forces and warfare. The text attempts to show how the differences in security and strategic culture, American and French particular identities, values, norms and perceptive lens might lead to different understandings of terrorism as global security threat and to distinct measures taken in the fight against it.
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Safety standards in the department
DRKOŠOVÁ, Petra
The present state: Safety culture is a package of measures increasing safety of a patient in a health resort and in nursing care. These activities are implemented by individuals or organisations with the aim of protecting patient from damage to health, resulting from failure of care (24).Subject: The main purpose of investigation was surveying relations of the level of organisation culture in relation to domains of interest and safety of nursing care. Methodics: The impirical part of the bachelor?s thesis was done with the use of quantitative method of research ? data collecting by questionnaire. Evaluation of the style of leadership of the head nurse and questions applied to communication in team was undertaken with the use of modified questionnaire following Kollárik et al. Range of social atmosphere in a group (35). In statements exploring the culture of safety were included questions adopted from AHRQ methodics (36), Czech translation by Filka and Kotrbová (37). The research was conducted in April 2013 in the IKEM hospital in Prague. The data obtained were processed by statistical analysis with the use of SPSS 16.0 programme.The investigation set: Nurses and nursing assistants employed in the IKEM hospital in Prague. Out of the total of 160 distributed questionnaires, 118 completed pieces were obtained. The return rate was thus 73.8 %.Results: The aim of the research was evaluation of relations among the head nurse leadership, communication in team, and safe care of patients. The results of research concerning communication indicate positive evaluation of nurses as to timely distribution of important informations; somewhat worse were results concerning systematic and timely distribution of information. As to rating of effective communication in the team of nurses, 45.8 % of nurses responded positively and 68.6 % of nurses mentioned possibility of discussion. Complience with rules of correct behaviour and discretness seem to be matter of course. Important is respect to differences in opinion and mutual perception in the team. Unfortunatelly, chicane at the workplace is not an exception. A positive feature is that nurses are not afraid to ask colleagues for advice if patient safety is concerned.In implementation of leadership style in relation to patients head nurse is interested in members of team not only as to professional aspects but also as to personal aspects of nurses. She accepts discussion about about tasks, considers opinions of members of the team as well as individual nurses as to new information. Empathy is a positive character quality of a head nurse and she takes interest concerning problems of individual nurses.Among basic rules of safe care belongs hygiene of hands with the nursing personal and safe identification of a patient. Hands hygiene is the simplest prevention of hospital infection, which hospital personal must keep according to law and which they comply with, according to responses. There is possibility of improvement in application of safe care serving medicine as ordered by phone information and serving generic medicine without correction in consulting room. Doctors should be involved in removing these shortcomings. Highly positive is the approach of nurses in reporting an adverse event; nearly all respondents (98.3 %) would not hesitate to report, disregarding the opinion of the head nurse. According to opinion of nurses, head nurse is interested in adverse events and nurses are informed about mistakes which occur at the department, and discussion on prevention of repeated mistakes takes place.Conclusions: From the results of research follows that safe care is considered by personal positively. It is important that this idea is accepted and supported by head nurse and leadership of the hospital. The nurses percept the head nurse in a positive way. Effort in preventing communication mistakes in the team should include empathy and listening.
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