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Biodegradable polymer carriers with structure tailored for increased tumor tissue permeability
Hrochová, Michaela ; Etrych, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ondřej (referee)
Cancer diseases are the most common cause of death over the world. One fifth of death is caused by cancer in the Czech Republic. The big problem in the treatment of cancer diseases are side effects of chemotherapy, which make treatment more difficult for patients. The present bachelor thesis is focused on synthesis and characterization of novel polymer carriers. Polymer carriers can target the cytostatic drug to the tumor tissue and minimize side-effect of chemotherapies. This bachelor thesis is focused on synthesis and physical chemistry characterization of new diblock polymer carriers, specifically carries of docetaxel. Successful synthesis of novel water-soluble polymer precursors and conjugates based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl)- methacrylamide is described and discussed in this thesis. The hydrolytic stability of the synthesized diblock systems was studied in 0,3M phosphate buffer at pH 7,4 simulating the bloodstream environment. It has been successfully verified that the synthesized polymer systems are hydrolytically degradable after fulfilling its role of drug carrier and therefore can be finally excreted from the organism. The effect of the type of oxoacid used for modification of the cytostatic on the release rate of the carried cytostatic from the polymeric carriers was thoroughly evaluated and...
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The cancer cell proteome and its changes after anti-cancer drug treatment
Tylečková, Jiřina
Cancers represent a group of unprecedented heterogeneous diseases and currently available anti-cancer therapies provide highly variable efficacy with unsatisfactory cure rates. A wide range of proteomic technologies are being used in quest for newer approaches which could significantly contribute to the discovery and development of selective and specific cancer biomarkers for monitoring the disease state and anti-cancer therapy success. Taking into consideration the above aspects, this research was undertaken to study cancer cell proteomes and their changes after anti-cancer treatment with specific focus on: (a) response to conventional anthracycline/anthracenedione drugs with respect to their different clinical efficacy and (b) identification of novel targets for therapy in cancer cells resistant to biological drugs such as inhibitors of (b1) cyclin-dependent kinases and (b2) Aurora kinases. This study identified several interesting key aspects related to the effects of daunorubicin, doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. With the main focus on early time intervals when the influence of apoptosis is minimised, changes common for all three drugs belonging mainly to metabolic and cellular processes were observed. More importantly, significant changes in proteins involved in the generation of precursor...
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The effect of Crk SH3domain inhibition in invasiveness of cells
Tomášová, Lea ; Rösel, Daniel (advisor) ; Vomastek, Tomáš (referee)
Protooncogene Crk was found to be upregulated in tumours with aggressive and invasive potential. The adaptor protein Crk has an important role in cell signaling: it integrates signals from activated integrins and growth factors receptors via its SH2 domain and transmits the signal to its SH3 domain binding partners that activate the small GTPases Rac1, Rap1 and Ras. This leads to regulation of cell migration, proliferation and survival. The aim of this thesis project was to inhibit the Crk dependent signaling by a competitive inhibition of the Crk SH3 domain, using a high affinity CrkSH3 binding peptoid. Binding of the inhibitor to the Crk SH3 domain prevents binding of cellular Crk SH3 interaction partners and the corresponding signal transmission is impaired. In this thesis project the effect of the Crk SH3 inhibition on the invasiveness of cancer cells was analyzed. The observed inhibitory effect on cell invasion as well as on anchorage independent growth provides a proof of therapeutical relevance of targeting CrkSH3N domain by peptoide-based inhibitors. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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"The cancer cell proteome and its changes after anti-cancer drug treatment".
Tylečková, Jiřina ; Kovářová, Hana (advisor) ; Strnad, Miroslav (referee) ; Petrák, Jiří (referee)
Cancers represent a group of unprecedented heterogeneous diseases and currently available anti-cancer therapies provide highly variable efficacy with unsatisfactory cure rates. A wide range of proteomic technologies are being used in quest for newer approaches which could significantly contribute to the discovery and development of selective and specific cancer biomarkers for monitoring the disease state and anti-cancer therapy success. Taking into consideration the above aspects, this research was undertaken to study cancer cell proteomes and their changes after anti-cancer treatment with specific focus on: (a) response to conventional anthracycline/anthracenedione drugs with respect to their different clinical efficacy and (b) identification of novel targets for therapy in cancer cells resistant to biological drugs such as inhibitors of (b1) cyclin-dependent kinases and (b2) Aurora kinases. This study identified several interesting key aspects related to the effects of daunorubicin, doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. With the main focus on early time intervals when the influence of apoptosis is minimised, changes common for all three drugs belonging mainly to metabolic and cellular processes were observed. More importantly, significant changes in proteins involved in the generation of precursor...
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The cancer cell proteome and its changes after anti-cancer drug treatment
Tylečková, Jiřina
Cancers represent a group of unprecedented heterogeneous diseases and currently available anti-cancer therapies provide highly variable efficacy with unsatisfactory cure rates. A wide range of proteomic technologies are being used in quest for newer approaches which could significantly contribute to the discovery and development of selective and specific cancer biomarkers for monitoring the disease state and anti-cancer therapy success. Taking into consideration the above aspects, this research was undertaken to study cancer cell proteomes and their changes after anti-cancer treatment with specific focus on: (a) response to conventional anthracycline/anthracenedione drugs with respect to their different clinical efficacy and (b) identification of novel targets for therapy in cancer cells resistant to biological drugs such as inhibitors of (b1) cyclin-dependent kinases and (b2) Aurora kinases. This study identified several interesting key aspects related to the effects of daunorubicin, doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. With the main focus on early time intervals when the influence of apoptosis is minimised, changes common for all three drugs belonging mainly to metabolic and cellular processes were observed. More importantly, significant changes in proteins involved in the generation of precursor...
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Star polymeric carriers of drugs for targeting and pH-dependent release of drugs
Bittner, Matyáš ; Stiborová, Marie (advisor) ; Liberda, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis brings new data about design, synthesis, physico-chemical characterisation and biological efficacy of the novel star-like HPMA-based conjugates intended for treatment of solid tumors. Recently, many different water-soluble drug delivery systems based on N-(2- hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers have been described. Here, we report synthesis and physico-chemical characterisation of high molecular weight star-like HPMA- based polymer carriers with low polydispersity prepared by controlled grafting of HPMA copolymers onto PAMAM dendrimer core. With the aim to keep the polydispersity of drug delivery system as low as possible, reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) polymerisation was used for HPMA-based polymer precursor preparation. The end groups of the polymer presursors was afterwards used for grafting using carbodidimide condensation reaction or copper free click chemistry on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers resulting in a formation of star-like high-molecular-weight (HMW) drug carriers. Described synthetic procedure provided preparation of star-like HMW drug carriers with Mw between 1.105 - 3.105 g/mol and narrow distribution of Mw. The model drug, doxorubicin (Dox), was attached to the hydrazide group containing polymer cariers by pH- sensitive...
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