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Biodiversity of epigeic beetles in wheat and maize fields in conventional management
SLOVÁKOVÁ, Karolína
In 2016, a survey of the effect of conventional wheat and maize cultivation on the epigeic beetles biodiversity was conducted. The field selected for this survey fell into the cadastral area of České Budějovice and was located between the municipalities of Pašinovice and Římov. The agricultural cooperative Ločenice was operating in these fields. Using ground traps with ethylene glycol solution, between May and September, 622 beetles were captured. These were used to determine activity, dominance, biodiversity according to the Shannon-Weaver index (H), relictness and anthropogenic impact on communities of epigeic beetles in these localities. The highest activity was recorded in the corn field (353 pieces) and 269 pieces in the wheat field. The most frequent families of both localities were Carabidae and Staphylinidae. The most frequent species was Poecilus cupreus, found 153 times in the maize field and 140 times in the wheat field. Biodiversity has been low compared to other localities - H corn field 1,11 and H wheat field 0,87. Both sites proved to be very heavily influenced from the anthropogenic point of view - ISD maize field 1.5 and wheat field ISD 0. This value showed a 100 percent presence of expansive species in the wheat field. A very low number (9 pieces) of the 2nd order relics - adaptable species - was recorded in the maize field. Adaptable species were 2 of the family of Carabidae - Harpalus latus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Notiophilus biguttatus (Fabricius, 1778) and 3 of the Staphylinidae family: Othius punctulatus (Goeze, 1777), Philonthus quisquiliarius (Gyllenhal, 1810) and P. umbratilis (Gravenhorst, 1802). In neither field, as mentioned above, no relics of the 1st order - rare and endangered species were recorded. The results of this work were influenced by climatic conditions and movement of game during the sampling period.
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