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Effectivity of project Game again to AIDS
ŠÍMOVÁ, Michaela
Effectivenes of the Playing Against AIDS project The topic of my bachelor's thesis is the effectiveness of the "Playing Against AIDS" project. HIV/AIDS is one of the most serious diseases of today, and evokes feelings of fear among people. It is important to prevent the spreading of this disease through responsible behaviour, especially but not only in terms of sexual life. This is why I chose a topic concerning the prevention of this issue. The goal of my thesis was to summarise basic information about HIV/AIDS. I focussed on history and the current situation of HIV/AIDS, transmission routes, treatment and above all prevention. The "Playing Against AIDS" project devotes the greatest attention to prevention at elementary schools. The aim of the projet is to help youngsters graps the basic skills and knowledge about how the HIV virus is transmitted, thus pointing out its danger. The entire project is conducted in the form of a game. This unique method is highly effective, because all the students are involved in the game, are obliged to think about the issue and about their own attitudes and behaviour in potential risky situations. My objective was to map awareness about HIV/AIDS among pupils aged 12-14 years before and after participating in the "Playing Against AIDS" project. Research was conducted according to the axes for quantitative research using a questionnaire survey and secondary data analysis. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of six questions. I evaluated and compared the questionnaires, and determined that awareness among children about HIV/AIDS is fairly satisfactory, but not entirely sufficient. Prevention should be systematically promoted. One of the possible solutions is greater and better education not only among students, but for the public in general, and the expansion of lessons addressing this issue, as well as the active involvement of the entire pedagogical collectvive into the project.
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HIV testing problems on the part of addictive drugs users
KRÚPOVÁ, Lucie
The diploma thesis on the theme ?The problems of testing for HIV from the point of view of intravenous users of addictive substances? is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part outlines the whole extent of the problem of AIDS including testing for HIV antibodies generálky and testing for HIV in intravenous users of addictive drugs, the probléme of drug dependence and social work with drug users and the care system for the drug addicted. The practical part of the thesis was carried out through qualitative research. 32 intravenous drug users were questioned, the method used being a semistructured interview. During the second part of the research representatives of seven non-governmental non-profit making organizations, with a target group made up of drug users, were questioned. Two aims of the thesis were defined. The main aim was mapping the awareness of users of addictive substance of the possibilities of testing their HIV status. The second aim was monitoring the posibility of testing HIV positivity in the South Bohemian Region. Both aims were fulfilled. Three research questions were chosen: Do drug users know their HIV status? Is the reason of drug users´ ignorance of their HIV status their lack of interest in this problem? Is testing of drug users in the field adequate? After processing and analysing the results of the research three hypothese were defined. They are as follows: intravenous drug users in the South Bohemian Region are interested in their HIV status. Clients of contact centres underplay the risk of infection by the HIV virus. Testing drug users in the field in the South Bohemian Region is not sufficient. The conclusion of the thesis is first and foremost the discovery that testing in the field of people using addictive substances is necessary and the method of testing fir HIV in intravenous drug users needs to be adapted to the possibility of these people (free testing, the possibility of being tested in the afternoon, accompanying the klient to the health facility). The most advantageous possibility for ensuring a high protestation with intravenous drug users is the link of the contact centre directly with the health centre. An advantage would be especially a local link, so there should be a contact centre near the health facility, which there hardly ever is. Of course the crux is mainly good cooperation between the workers of individual organisations. The results of the research should allow the heads of low-threshold facilities to improve their work in the area of consultancy and widening of services for the testing of clients for the HIV and hepatitis viruses including improving their cooperation with health facilities. The thesis should serve as a basis for processing the regional anti-drug strategy.
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Informedness of primary school pupils in the town of Milevsko about HIV/AIDS
VINKLEROVÁ, Lucie
AIDS is a pandemic disease known for almost three decades, and the most effective prevention is general informedness and responsible sexual behaviour. Especially young people should know as much as possible about the disease to be able to protect themselves effectively. The objective of this thesis is to find the sources of information about HIV/AIDS and the level of knowledge about this disease in adolescent population or pupils in the highest grades of Milevsko primary schools. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on adolescents, their life style and especially the awakening interest in sexuality and their sexual behaviour. I try to find the effects that may influence these sexual aspects, including sex education at school and in the family. I deal with the influence of information about HIV/AIDS on sexual behaviour of young people. I also briefly describe AIDS prevention programs for adolescents. My research conducted in the questionnaire form shows that pupils are generally informed about the issues of HIV/AIDS; however, certain factors must be addressed in more detail. A positive finding is that up to two thirds of the respondents believe that the information about HIV/AIDS will affect their future sexual behaviour to avoid infection. However, mere informedness is not enough to prevent the spread of the infection. It is also necessary to implement prevention programs, to provide quality information within sex education, but also to direct the public, through the media, towards responsible sexual behaviour of individuals. Finally, it is important to ensure and promote an atmosphere in society that will be positive and that will not help spread the infection.
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The level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS between the students of the educational establishment in the region Zlin
STŘÍTESKÁ, Lucie
Abstract I have decided to write about this theme because these days we hear or read in the media a lot of misinterpreted information about the HIV virus or AIDS. I have decided to discover which misinterpreted information the students have and also how it was acquired. I believe that efficient information and knowledge about this theme will bring increasing interest in these dilemmas, which can have a positive impact on their sexual behaviour and also prevention. The main goal of my work is to discover the overall level of knowledge in the given HIV/AIDS dilemma of students in training colleges, as well as to describe hazardous risk behaviour and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention lectures. The research group was comprised of students (100 respondents) in training colleges from the Zlin region. The questionnaire method of information collection was used. I have stated three hypotheses, all of which were confirmed. In the first hypothesis I assumed that the students´ knowledge in the given dilemma are higher in students of non-technical branches than in those from technical branches. In the second hypothesis I supposed that part of the information will be in a misinterpreted form. In the third, I assumed that sexual behaviour of students will depict the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission. The results of this work can serve to increase awareness among young people and to target on the focus of primary prevention.
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Methods of handling of rather less self-sufficient and non-self-sufficient clients in residential houses for elderly persons in the Region of South Bohemia
ČÁPOVÁ, Pavlína
Handling of clients is an integral part of everyday work of most of nurses. It constitutes also the largest physical load for nurses. Correctly conducted handling of a client and usage of handling aids reduces both the physical load for nurses and the risks of nurses{\crq} injuries sustained in relation with handling. As far as clients are concerned, the risks connected with handling are reduced and the comfort of the nursing care is increased then. Handling includes positioning, shifting, lifting to chairs and verticalisation. Correct handling of a client allows prevention of the complications resulting from immobility and thus also maintenance and even renewal of a client{\crq}s self-sufficiency. The bachelor thesis themed ``Methods of handling of rather less self-sufficient and non-self-sufficient clients in residential houses for elderly persons in the Region of South Bohemia{\crqq} has a research character. It is divided into two parts {--} a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical part is focused on old-age, self-sufficiency, immobility and handling of clients. The practical part consists of a quantitative research conducted by a questionnaire method, in which we attempt to confirm the raised hypotheses. H1: Nursing staff has no practical experience in the area of handling of clients. H2: Residential houses for elderly persons are not sufficiently equipped with handling aids. H3: Nursing staff in residential houses for elderly persons does not require changes in the established manner of handling of clients. Nurses in residential houses for elderly persons in the Region of South Bohemia obtained 150 questionnaires, of which 126 were returned, i.e. 84 %. The final set of regularly filled out questionnaires for the research consisted of 108 questionnaires. The objective of the thesis is to ascertain the level of knowledge and practical experience of nurses in the area of handling of clients, and to ascertain and compare the manners of utilization of technical aids and equipment facilitating handling in residential houses for elderly persons in the Region of South Bohemia. The results of the thesis should redound to more regardful, comfortable and considerate handling of rather less and non-self-sufficient clients in residential houses for elderly persons, and facilitate the work of nursing staff in terms of their own health.
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Secondary prevention of a transfer of HIV/AIDS among people above the age of 40
ROŽNÍČKOVÁ, Iveta
The bachelor thesis addresses the issue of secondary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in individuals over forty years of age. Currently, the prevailing tendency in sexually transmitted disease prevention is the preference of primary prevention at primary and secondary schools although statistic research has shown undeniable increase in, for example, the number of HIV positive individuals in the age spectrum above 40 years of age. The teoretic part of the thesis concentrates on matters of relationships, marriage, marriage phases, marriage crises and infidelity followed by an account of the HIV virus history and origin, characteristics of AIDS which develops following the infection by HIV, its mode of transmission and prevention against infection. The objective the thesis has set was to establish the awarness about HIV/AIDS prevention of individuals above 40 years of age and to determine whether or not respondents use barrier methods of contraception when changing their sexual partners. The thesis also aimed at discovering the interest respondents show in the health of their new sexual partner. The research sample involved respondents over 40 years of age ? single, married, divorced, widiwed, cohabitees, registered partners and respondents who have had a new sexual relationship in the past two years. I used quantitative research method, specifically questionnaires, to collect data. Questionnaires have been distributed in Beroun, České Budějovice, Cheb, Jihlava, Nový Jičín, Prague and Příbram. The total number of distributed 100 questionnares (100%) yielded 62% return rate. Hypothesis 1: Individuals over 40 years of age dispose of disorted and inaccurate informatik about HIV/AIDS. Hypothesis 2: More than a half of respondents do not use any barrier cantraception when starting a new sexual relationship. Hypothesis 3: More than a half of respondents do not regest a negative HIV/AIDS test. The research validated all free hypotheses above. Results of the thesis can be Publisher in professional journals to increase public awarnes about HIV/AIDS.
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The sex education as the part of the health education of adolescents
BRYCHTOVÁ, Michaela
The work deals with the investigation on the level of information of pupils of the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. I selected the group from 11 to 15 years of age, which are elementary school pupils of 6th to 9th class. Elementary schools were divided into town schools (66 respondents) and village schools (48 respondents). I formulated two hypotheses. The first one, stating that the elementary school pupils from 11 to 15 years of age have no information about sexually transmitted diseases, did not prove true. The second hypothesis stated that the village elementary school pupils have less knowledge on the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases than the town elementary school ones. Neither this hypothesis proved true. I believe that there are no such differencies between towns and villages as they used to be.
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Analysis of costs on HIV positive´s treatment
Hermannová, Monika ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupníček, Pavel (referee)
Virus HIV was first diagnosed in 1986 in the Czech Republic. Since then, over a one thousand of people have been infected. The treatment of such patients is very expensive owing to high prices of medicaments. These are influenced especially by high costs of the development of new drugs. The question of financing the costs of treatment of infected people is becoming more and more up-to-date as their number increases every year. In my thesis, I analyse the contemporary situation in terms of the number of patients and costs expended annually on their treatment, as wells as on prevention against the contagion. Further, I focus on concrete ways of treatment in relation to their financial severity and effectiveness. A part of work is also the quantification of public and private sources of financing of the HIV positive treatment. Finally, I attempt to predict the growth of costs associated with the expected rise of the number of diseased and its impact on the health system. The paper will also contain an international comparison.
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Present state and perspectives of fulfilling Millennium Development Goals in Africa
Nevěřilová, Naďa ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Němečková, Tereza (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the Millenium Development Goals project -- its procedures and up to now effects. I would like to try to find out if it is truth that activities of UN within this project have no results, eventually I would try to identify a problem and suggest possible solutions. The evaluation of this project is reduced to two of the total number of eight goals and to the region of Sub-Saharan Africa. First part of this work describes a subject-matter and a purpose of this project. It is concerned with theme poverty and with a historical background of rise of problems with poverty in Sub-Saharan countries. Then there are described methods which UN uses for monitoring of reaching the defined goals. Ways of financing an assistance for developing countries are also described. Second part of the work is aimed at the first goal of the project which is: eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. This part begins with adumbration of possible ways and methods of measuring and identifying poverty. Afterwards there is described and evaluated a state and a progress of fulfilling this goal. Perspectives of future progress are also adumbrated. Third part is concerned with the sixth goal of the evaluated project: combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. After an introduction to the issue, there is also considered a state and a progress of reaching the goal and a possible future progress is presented.
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AIDS v zemích subsaharské Afriky: příčiny, stav a důsledky
Bouřilová, Lenka ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Popovová, Marie (referee)
In the first part of the work are described the most frequent causes of the origin and spread of HIV/AIDS in sub-saharan Africa. The second part of the work summarizes the state of infection in sub-saharan Africa from quantitative and qualitative aspect and adumbration of AIDS outlook. The last part is focusing on the most serious impacts of illness for sub-saharan Africa and the whole world with emphasis on economic, demographic and social impacts.
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