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Study of fruit ripening and storage
Langová, Jiřina ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
There are many changes in fruit quality during its ripening and storage. The following four apple varieties were studied: Champion, Glostr, Golden Delicious and Idaret. Amount of reducing sugars, total amount of sugars, quantities of acids, refractive solids and loss of starch were monitored. The changes of parameters, the differences between the varieties and differences in storage were compared. Parameters were monitored from mid-August 2008, when the apples ripened. After the harvest, apples were stored in a cool box at 2 - 3 ° C and at room temperature 20 - 23 ° C. Apples stored in the cool box were analyzed till the end of March 2009, and apples stored at room temperature until the beginning of January 2009. Total quantity of sugars in all varieties increases before harvest, while it decreases after picking the apples. The quantity of reducing sugars in apples rises gradually and after their picking it falls significantly in apples stored at 20 - 23 ° C. In apples stored in the cool box it continues rising until the end of November, and then it also decreases. Losses of starch are considerable and they are accelerated after the harvest. The quantity of acids also decreases throughout and amounts of refractive solids increases. For all varieties there are significant changes in storage at 20 - 23 ° C. Temperature, therefore, significantly affects processing of sugars and acids in fruit respiration.
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Tradiční způsoby technologického zpracování ovoce z extenzivních výsadeb jako součást kulturního dědictví
Malenová, Daniela
This work deals with the most frequently used technological methods of fruit processing originating from extensive orchards. It describes the suitability of the use of these methods for individual cultivated fruit species in non-productive fruit growing. It partially maps harvest processors from extensive plantings and the availability of products on the market. One experimental part is devoted to laboratory evaluation of the content of basic nutritional indicators (vitamin C, dry matter, refractometric dry matter and pH value) of selected 11 old and regional varieties and the results are compared with the recommended methods of processing in literature. It was found that the stated uses of fruit correspond to the average measured values of the examined fruits. The second part of the experiment is devoted to a selected variety ´Jadernička moravská´ from 6 different localities, where differences were found, probably due to climatic, edaphic and orographic factors.
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Toxicovigilance of accidents with household chemical products in the Czech Republic.
Mrázová, Karolina ; Pelclová, Daniela (advisor) ; Benešová, Veronika (referee) ; Brhel, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the numbers, severity and causes of accidents, occurring in the households due to the cleaning products. Among the groups of potentially dangerous cleaning products, the highest proportion of accidents was caused by cleaning products containing sodium hypochloride (37 %), descalers containing acids (29 %) and dishwasher tablets (25 %). A lower percentage of inquiries appeared due to hydroxides containing drain cleaning products (7 %). In the year 2009, there were 251 inquiries to the Toxicological Information Centre due to cleaning products in defined categories studied. Among them, there were 133 children and 118 adult patients, who ingested cleaning product accidentally (86%) or for suicidal purposes (3%); inhaled (9%) or had an eye contact with the product (2%). There were 23% children and 27% adults hospitalized; the children most frequently due to accidental ingestion of hydroxides (92%), the adults due to the inhalation of irritant vapors (64%). Among them 14% children (86% due to the ingestion of cleaning products containing hydroxides) have been examined using the endoscopy (in the total anesthesia), in addition to 5% adults. The study has shown that the most common cause of the accidents in children is the distraction of the adults; nevertheless, the...
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Toxicovigilance of accidents with household chemical products in the Czech Republic.
Mrázová, Karolina ; Pelclová, Daniela (advisor) ; Benešová, Veronika (referee) ; Brhel, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the numbers, severity and causes of accidents, occurring in the households due to the cleaning products. Among the groups of potentially dangerous cleaning products, the highest proportion of accidents was caused by cleaning products containing sodium hypochloride (37 %), descalers containing acids (29 %) and dishwasher tablets (25 %). A lower percentage of inquiries appeared due to hydroxides containing drain cleaning products (7 %). In the year 2009, there were 251 inquiries to the Toxicological Information Centre due to cleaning products in defined categories studied. Among them, there were 133 children and 118 adult patients, who ingested cleaning product accidentally (86%) or for suicidal purposes (3%); inhaled (9%) or had an eye contact with the product (2%). There were 23% children and 27% adults hospitalized; the children most frequently due to accidental ingestion of hydroxides (92%), the adults due to the inhalation of irritant vapors (64%). Among them 14% children (86% due to the ingestion of cleaning products containing hydroxides) have been examined using the endoscopy (in the total anesthesia), in addition to 5% adults. The study has shown that the most common cause of the accidents in children is the distraction of the adults; nevertheless, the...
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Study of fruit ripening and storage
Langová, Jiřina ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
There are many changes in fruit quality during its ripening and storage. The following four apple varieties were studied: Champion, Glostr, Golden Delicious and Idaret. Amount of reducing sugars, total amount of sugars, quantities of acids, refractive solids and loss of starch were monitored. The changes of parameters, the differences between the varieties and differences in storage were compared. Parameters were monitored from mid-August 2008, when the apples ripened. After the harvest, apples were stored in a cool box at 2 - 3 ° C and at room temperature 20 - 23 ° C. Apples stored in the cool box were analyzed till the end of March 2009, and apples stored at room temperature until the beginning of January 2009. Total quantity of sugars in all varieties increases before harvest, while it decreases after picking the apples. The quantity of reducing sugars in apples rises gradually and after their picking it falls significantly in apples stored at 20 - 23 ° C. In apples stored in the cool box it continues rising until the end of November, and then it also decreases. Losses of starch are considerable and they are accelerated after the harvest. The quantity of acids also decreases throughout and amounts of refractive solids increases. For all varieties there are significant changes in storage at 20 - 23 ° C. Temperature, therefore, significantly affects processing of sugars and acids in fruit respiration.
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