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Evaporation from the water surface
Novotný, Eduard ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šuhájková, Petra (referee)
Evaporation and evapotranspiration are significant components of the hydrological cycle. Accurate measurement or calculation of evaporation is essential for studies of water resource development and management, as well as for efficient crop irrigation in agriculture. Throughout history, many models have been developed to calculate potential evapotranspiration based on various meteorological parameters. The accuracy of these models needs to be determined by comparing them with measured evaporation values obtained from an evaporation pan. In this study, 7 models for calculating potential evapotranspiration or evaporation from a free water surface based on air temperature are compared with evaporation measured by the VYPAR-1200 evaporation pan during the evaporation season 2021 at the Vrchlice meteorological station. The most accurate results were obtained with the models presented by Oudin et al. (2010) and Šuhájková et al. (2019), with RMSE values of 1.061 and 1.105 mm/day and MBE of 0.554 and 0.303 mm/day. Even so, the deviations are quite significant and for more accurate calculation of evaporation for the Vrchlice region, parameterization of these models would be necessary. Key words evaporation, water surface, evaporimeter, meteorological station Vrchlice
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Water Politics
Dvořáková, Dana ; Vojtěchovský, Miloš (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
The work is aimed at familiarizing the audience with the problems of water in the Czech Republic and its distribution within the landscape. However, its character, which approaches to documentary work, doesn´t explicitly describe the problem, but rather attempts to visualize it and give the viewer space for his own imagination. The work draws in contrast the examples of fine functional interventions in the landscape with examples of monstrous concrete structures - dams. It points to problematic places and tries to convey to the viewer the current issue not only in the chosen location. The main thing is the lyrical performance, which evokes not only a video but also the sound part and the narrative that explains the whole problem. The video is not purely informative, its specificity is also focused on the enjoyment of the viewer. He plays with documentary techniques but does not use them as a priority. The shots are deliberately chosen so that the concrete buildings look monumental and have their seriousness. The background of the shots also shows the time of their creation. This element is supposed to be critical and is supposed to be opposed to studies that use old plans to build new water reservoirs that do not give space for a more efficient solution. The work also touches on the overproduction and issues of today's modern agriculture.
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Advanced Rendering in OpenSceneGraph Library
Ondruška, Jiří ; Přibyl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Švub, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis presents OpenSceneGraph library and its use with shaders written in OpenGL Shading Language. First of all it presents the basics of GLSL. Next chapter introduces the basics of OpenSceneGraph library. Following chapters are about different shaders. First is vertex displacement mapping, followed by cartooning and the last one is water surface.
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Stabilization of the flooded sand pit near Hulín
Tomšej, Lukáš ; Svoboda, Ondřej (referee) ; Šlezingr, Miloslav (advisor)
The diploma thesis assesses the current state of the Hulín gravel and sand plant and pays attention to abrasions of severely damaged banks of the reservoir. With the help of the design of a suitable biotechnical stabilization, the receding of the shoreline in the section of interest will be prevented. The basis for the processing of appropriate bank stabilization proposals is the results achieved using a method of determining shore retreat. The individual developed variants of the bank remediation solution emphasize the use of vegetation support, especially suitable bank stands to ensure the stability of the banks and protection against abrasion.
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Rendering of Underwater Scenes
Smutný, Martin ; Vlnas, Michal (referee) ; Milet, Tomáš (advisor)
Cílem této práce je vykreslení podvodních scén a světelných efektů typických pro takové scény interaktivně ve vysoké kvalitě. Práce se konkrétně zaměřuje na fyzikálně založené vykreslování oceanických vod, které mají komplexní a vysoce proměnlivé optické vlastnosti. Vykreslování takových prostředí vyžaduje simulaci simulaci rozptylu světla uvnitř vodního objemu. Byly důsledně prozkoumány relevantní metody pracující v reálném čase. Byla navrhnuta jednoduchá oceanická scéna, které se skládá z procedurálně generovaného terénu, vodního povrchu a atmosferického modelu. Byl navrhnut fyzikálně založený bio-optický model vodního objemu. Rozptyl prvního řádu je aproximován, tím, že jsou vykreslovány fyzikálně založené povrchové a volumetrické kaustiky, vznikající lomem světla skrze vodní povrch. Vícenásobný rozptyl je aproximován na základě vlastností takových vod. Navržené techniky byly implementovány. Scénu je možné vykreslit z pohledu nad i pod povrchem vody. Techniky vykreslují efekty vodního objemu v přijatelné kvalitě a interaktivity bylo dosaženo na GPU nižší třídy.
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Rendering of Underwater Scenes
Smutný, Martin ; Vlnas, Michal (referee) ; Milet, Tomáš (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá vykreslováním realistických podvodních scén pomocí technik v reálném čase. Práce se zaměřuje na vykreslování oceanických vod, které mají komplexní a vysoce proměnlivé optické vlastnosti. Vykreslování takových prostředí je náročnou oblastí v počítačové grafice, která zahrnuje simulaci rozptylu světla uvnitř vodního objemu. Jsou zkoumány metody počítačové grafiky pracující v reálném čase pro vykreslování a simulaci oceánů. Jsou navrhnuty techniky aproximující rozptyl první řádu a vícenásobný rozptyl pro vykreslení vodního objemu za pomocí krokování paprsku. Optické vlastnosti objemu jsou popsány pomocí fyzikálně založeného bio-optického modelu. Navíc, jsou vykresleny povrchové a volumetrické kaustiky odpovídající lomu světla skrze simulovaný vodních povrch pomocí Fourierovy transformace. Navržená technika pro vykreslování scén nebyla implementována v plné podobě. Byly implementovány pouze některé navržené techniky a s nimi byly provedeny experimenty zvlášť.
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Role of plants in the greenhouse gas budget of a sedge fen
NOVOTNÁ, Jitka
Wetlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle because they fix or release carbon dioxide (CO2) and are a source of atmospheric methane (CH4). The dynamics of the exchange of these greenhouse gases is determined mainly by the height and dynamics of water level, temperature and vegetation structure and biomass. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of plants with a dominant sedge, Carex acuta, on CO2 and CH4 emissions from a sedge fen on a model site ?The Wet Meadows? near Třeboň. This study included field research using a method of manual emission chambers in order to monitor the differences in the emissions between hummocks with vegetation and hollows without vegetation. In addition, aboveground plant biomass, water level and temperature were followed. The field research was supplemented with a mesocosm experiment in which the influence of water regime on C. acuta biomass production was evaluated. The results of the field research show that water level had a significant effect on CO2 emissions only in the hollows. Soil temperature was an important factor on both micro-sites. The presence and biomass of the plants had a substantial effect on the amounts of CO2 emissions, but only in the second part of the vegetation season, when the plant aboveground biomass reached its seasonal maximum. CH4 emissions were significantly influenced by the water level and its previous dynamics but not by temperature. An important factor was also the presence of sedge hummocks, which vented considerable amounts of CH4 into the atmosphere when their basal parts were flooded. Fairly small amounts of CH4 were mediated by the plants at water levels between -20 cm and the soil surface. A conceptual model has been created for the conditions of 2014 in order to estimate the effect of the C. acuta dominated vegetation of the hummocks on carbon emissions and its balance. The carbon assimilation into plant biomass exceeded not only the carbon emissions mediated by the plants, but also the emissions from the whole hummocks. Approximately 130 g C m-2 per vegetation season was stored into the soil owing to the plants. The mesocosm experiment indicated that the plants of C. acuta formed the greatest belowground biomass as well as total biomass in the limosal ecophase followed by the plants subjected to a spring flood.
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Stabilization of the flooded sand pit near Hulín
Tomšej, Lukáš ; Svoboda, Ondřej (referee) ; Šlezingr, Miloslav (advisor)
The diploma thesis assesses the current state of the Hulín gravel and sand plant and pays attention to abrasions of severely damaged banks of the reservoir. With the help of the design of a suitable biotechnical stabilization, the receding of the shoreline in the section of interest will be prevented. The basis for the processing of appropriate bank stabilization proposals is the results achieved using a method of determining shore retreat. The individual developed variants of the bank remediation solution emphasize the use of vegetation support, especially suitable bank stands to ensure the stability of the banks and protection against abrasion.
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Water Politics
Dvořáková, Dana ; Vojtěchovský, Miloš (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
The work is aimed at familiarizing the audience with the problems of water in the Czech Republic and its distribution within the landscape. However, its character, which approaches to documentary work, doesn´t explicitly describe the problem, but rather attempts to visualize it and give the viewer space for his own imagination. The work draws in contrast the examples of fine functional interventions in the landscape with examples of monstrous concrete structures - dams. It points to problematic places and tries to convey to the viewer the current issue not only in the chosen location. The main thing is the lyrical performance, which evokes not only a video but also the sound part and the narrative that explains the whole problem. The video is not purely informative, its specificity is also focused on the enjoyment of the viewer. He plays with documentary techniques but does not use them as a priority. The shots are deliberately chosen so that the concrete buildings look monumental and have their seriousness. The background of the shots also shows the time of their creation. This element is supposed to be critical and is supposed to be opposed to studies that use old plans to build new water reservoirs that do not give space for a more efficient solution. The work also touches on the overproduction and issues of today's modern agriculture.
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Advanced Rendering in OpenSceneGraph Library
Ondruška, Jiří ; Přibyl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Švub, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis presents OpenSceneGraph library and its use with shaders written in OpenGL Shading Language. First of all it presents the basics of GLSL. Next chapter introduces the basics of OpenSceneGraph library. Following chapters are about different shaders. First is vertex displacement mapping, followed by cartooning and the last one is water surface.
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