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Vegetation effects on ambient air quality alongside the motorways
Kučera, Lukáš ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Lhotka, Radek (referee)
The bachelor thesis is a literature search on the removal of pollutants emitted by traffic with the use of vegetation barriers along public roads. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the reasons leading to contradictions existing in the literature about the effectiveness of vegetation barriers. It explores which type and structure of vegetation barrier is the most effective in removing pollutants from the air. On the basis of the conducted research and available data, it determines whether it makes sense to consider introduction of vegetation barriers along H6 Úlibice-Hořice and H7 Hořice-Sadová, the segments of the D35 highway. The first part of the paper outlines that the effectiveness of a vegetation barrier is influenced by a number of factors such as the wind speed and its direction, precipitation summary, vegetation density,itś height and species composition or dimensions of vegetation barriers itself. For this reason, there is no general type or structure of vegetation barrier that improves air quality, and it is therefore essential to desingn such barrier on a site-specific basis. The reason for negative impact of some vegetation barriers on air quality was due to their improper design. The second part of the thesis deals with the suitability of planting vegetation barriers on selected...
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Variabilita hlasu drozda zpěvného \kur{(Turdus philomelos)}
MAJEROVÁ, Veronika
I studied the variability of the species-specific song of the Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) and its vocal mimicry. Individuals were recorded, and the sequences were subsequently analysed. I tested several hypotheses that deal with avian vocal mimicry. In this work, the influence of vegetation structure and abiotic factors on the use of imitated species in Song Thrush voice was also presented.
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Nine-year bird community development on Radovesická spoil heap
KOREJS, Kryštof
Despite being valuable indicators of habitat change, birds are rarely used in restoration science. We surveyed birds on a large North-Bohemian spoil heap in 2012 and in 2019-21. We analysed bird community response to nine-year site development, human land use, primary vegetation productivity and proportion of senescent vegetation, vegetation age and structure, and restoration approach. Our findings offer an original insight into how birds respond to habitat characteristics, and highlight the importance of birds as indicators of restoration success.
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Bird abundances and the height of vegetation
Černohorská, Eliška ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Hanzelka, Jan (referee)
Bird abundance, it means the number of individuals at a specific site relates to the number of species in the area. It is common that species-richer habitats contain more individuals. Bird abundance which detected most frequently during the breeding period is influenced by the vertical structure of the vegetation so that habitats with low vegetation (e.g. grasslands) occupy smaller numbers of birds than the cover of higher vegetation (e.g. shrublands and forests). Most often total bird abundance positively correlates with increasing vegetation height determined by successional stages. Based at the stated studies, it is evident that bird species respond to vegetation height and its changes in a specific way, therefore it is difficult to make general conclusions. Negative correlation between vegetation height and bird abundance observed in some studies can be caused by various methods of data collection on vegetation height in different areas. In my opinion, bird abundance relates more to vegetation density and vegetation stratification than to vegetation height. The reason is that bird occurrence in forest habitats is impacted by well-developed undergrowth not just by forest canopy height. To further clarify how vegetation height affects bird abundance, we need more research that would compare bird...
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The importance of woodlots and their ecological characteristics for birds in an intensively managed agricultural landscape
Rajmonová, Lenka ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Šálek, Martin (referee)
Various types of woody vegetation are a key biodiversity refugee in intensively managed agricultural landscapes. However, the role of woodlots, representing an important type of such a vegetation, remains overlooked so far. Whereas the previous studies focused on the effect of their area, shape and isolation, consequences of variation in their habitat quality for biodiversity were not assessed up to now. This thesis is thus one of the first studies focusing on woodlots as a specific habitat for birds in agricultural landscape. My goals were: (I) to find out what is the bird community composition of woodlots in a Czech landscape, (II) to find out, what are the key habitat predictors of bird species richness and abundance in woodlots, (III) to describe differences in habitat preferences among various guilds and (IV) to formulate recommendations for conservational practice. I surveyed birds in 82 woodlots in an intensively managed landscape in Central Bohemia, Czechia, and measured variables describing woodlots' habitat quality together with woodlots' area, shape, isolation and types of surrounding land-use. I recorded numerous forest and non-forest bird species (57 in total), including some endangered farmland birds. The habitat variables showing significant relationships to bird community...
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The effect of vegetation pattern on stand expansion on the example of dwarf pine
Růžičková, Veronika ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Lipský, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of the structure of the dwarf pine on its expansion in the highest parts of the Giant Mountains. The aim was to find out how this and other factors influence the expansion. For this purpose, in 68 squares, the kneeling vegetation was orchestrated on the basis of orthoctified aerial photographs from 1964 and 2015. Subsequently, a change in the growth of the dwarf pine, the length of the edges of the forest in 1964, the average slope and the altitude in each square were found. Using the correlation analysis, the effect of the variables on the change of the surface was determined. These variables were further used to build a multiple linear regression model. The results showed that the dwarf pine growth increased in the period under review. The greatest influence on expansion is the length of the edges in 1964, ie the breakthrough, the impact of which is positive. A similarly strong influence is the slope of the surface, which affects the expansion negatively. Similar results have been achieved by other authors
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Vliv pastvy velkých herbivorů na společenstva brouků stepních trávníků
AMBROŽOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis is focused on the importance of large herbivore pasture for arthropod communities in temperate steppe. The study site was located in former military training area Milovice, regional biodiversity hotspot, where wild horses and aurochs were introduced as an active measure aimed at biodiversity conservation. Main goals of proposed study were to assess the role of vegetation structure and presence of grazing on beetle species composition in two trap heights, to examine suitability of flight intercept traps for monitoring arthropods of open habitats, to set the continuous arthropod monitoring program on the site and to propose a suitable model groups to assess habitat changes.
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