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Minimum age of criminal responsibility in English and Czech law - comparative study
Gavendová, Lucie ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
1 Minimum age of criminal responsibility in English and Czech law - comparative study Abstract The subject of the rigorous thesis is criminal responsibility of juveniles, specifically the minimum age of criminal responsibility and its legal regulation in legal orders of selected countries - England and Wales on the one side and Czech republic on the other side. The minimum age of criminal responsibility in England and Wales which are both countries of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and typical representatives of Common Law legal system is 10 years old. The legal regulation in Czech republic as a representative of Continental Law legal system sets the age of criminal responsibility at the moment of completion of 15 years. The main aim of this thesis is to provide a reader with a comprehensive awareness of the legal regulation concerning the minimum age of criminal responsibility in surveyed countries and to compare these two different regulations via the method of comparative jurisprudence. First two chapters define the subject of this thesis from theoretical and methodological point of view. Theoretical determination provides a reader with elementary introduction of the main issue and includes also the list of fundamental legislation used in the following text of this thesis....
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The age limit of criminal responsibility and connected matters
Vopěnková, Kateřina ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
Thesis title: The age limit of criminal responsibility and connected matters Thesis comprehensively deals with the issue of the age limit of criminal responsibility. It describes factors connected to the age limit and factors, which influence the practical impact of the age limit and connected provisions on young offenders. The first chapter describes the historical evolution of law provisions connected to the age limit of criminal responsibility, focusing on the Czech Republic. It offers an opportunity to track the evolution and changes in the criminal law on young offenders until the end of the 20th century. The second chapter deals with the international criminal law on young offenders and describes opinion of international organizations on the matter of the age limit of criminal responsibility. The third chapter is about the four main systems, how the age limit is set in foreign countries. Examples of foreign provisions and explanation of positive and negative aspects can be also found in this chapter. The fourth chapter describes recent evolution of Czech law on young offenders and description of the system of the age limit in the Czech Republic. It also includes description of groups of children and juveniles and characterizes their position in Czech law. The fifth chapter concerns forms of...
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Society Response on Juvenile Criminal
TESAŘOVÁ, Martina
Criminal behaviour among youths is spread so widely, that almost every youth has committed one criminal aktivity at least. The top of the criminal activities of youth committers came in the half nineties. Since that time, there have been noticed new trends in youth{\crq}s criminality development. The average age of committers decreases, the brutality of crime increases and there came out new kinds of crime (children prostitution, drug criminality). In the last time it is more often discussed lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. It would be since 14 years. A new penal legislative could be authorized at the break of this and next year. This diploma work aims to chart the society{\crq}s attitude towards criminal activity of youths in chosen areas of south bohemian region. Individual points of this work are orientated towards the attitudes to the age limit of penal responsibility, to the current legislative reform in punishable activities of youths; to risky factors which cause arise of criminal behaviour. The first hypothesis was set up on the thought, that the risky factor which has an effect on arising the criminal behaviour of youths is preferred by the public in consistence in parents bringing up to school setting. Hypothesis I. was confirmed. Hypothesis one claimed that the laic public is not partisan of setting op cameras at schools. This hypothesis was disapproved. Hypothesis II. assumed that positive laic public{\crq}s attitude are for lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. This hypothesis was confirmed. Before the research, there had come out a hypothesis III. which assumes professionals positive attitude towards lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. There was pursued a research with some professionals work in a field of penal affairs of youths. There was made a half standardized interview. In the second part was done a quatitative research. That research was realized on the selective set which had 210 respondents. Some inhabitants of České Budějovice and Český Krumlov regions took part in this research. The main implement used in this research was a semantic diferencial. This diploma work should help to spread awareness and knowledge of the crime problematic of youths. Next usage could be used by professionals who are interestend in attitudes towards this problematic.
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