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Computational modelling of human voice propagation through the vocal tract and in space around the head
Švarc, Martin ; Pellant, Karel (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
The following master thesis deals with creating a computational model for acoustic wave distribution by the human vocal tract and then the space around a human head. Detailed mapping of the sound field around the human head is important for more accurate measurement of the human voice. Part of this work is the creation of three-dimensional finite element model of the human head and the vocal tract during phonation of the vowel /:a/ based on the data from the computational tomography. Further the literature search of the function of the vocal tract, biomechanics of the making of the human voice, an overview of the computational models so far published in the literature and in literature reported measurements of the distribution of the human voice by the vocal tract and then in the space around the head . The following is the actual numerical solution of the acoustic waves distribution from the vocal cords through the vocal tract and then the space around the human head when thinking of acoustic absorption on the walls of the vocal tract and on the skin of the head for different types of waking of the model. The results are compared with previously published measurements of the distribution of the human voice and mainly the distortion of the frequency spectra at each specific node in the space around the head and in its vicinity of where the sensor microphones are typically placed are analyzed. Results of the computational modeling will eventually be used for frequency correction for various positions of the microphones scanning the voice distribution in its diagnosis, speech or singing.
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Processing of upper respiratory tract specimens
VANÍČKOVÁ, Nikola
This bachelor thesis focuses on the processing of upper respiratory tract specimen, primarily on the cultivation of throat swabs. The theoretical part introduces the anatomy and physiological flora of upper respiratory tract and the individual bacteria that can, under specific circumstances such as the body being weakened by virus infection, cause illness. It details diseases that can affect the respiratory system such as tonsillitis, which is the focus of the practical part. The culture media used to isolate microbes from throat swabs are also concisely described. The practical part is solely focused on the cultivation of throat swabs on blood agar. Group A, C and G streptococci, which cause acute tonsillitis or pharyngitis, were considered pathogens. The streptococci groups were determined by latex agglutination test. The data provided by the Department of Clinical Microbiology of Nemocnice Písek, a.s., were processed and compiled into statistics comparing the occurrence of individual streptococci in the samples. Furthermore, the occurrence of pathogens over the year and within different age categories was compared. The data provided were from the span of twelve months (from the 1st April 2018 to the 31st March 2019). The aim of this thesis was to introduce the upper respiratory tract diseases, primarily the streptococcal infection of the tonsils and pharynx. Furthermore, the aim was to get accustomed to laboratory methods used in the examination of throat swabs and the subsequent compilation of statistics from obtained data.
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Importance of enzymatic solutions (Enzymel) in postoperative treatment of upper respiratory tract wounds
Šimurdová, Marcela ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
Bakalářská práce Význam Enzymelu v pooperačním ošetřování ran v horních cestách dýchacích 1 Abstract Healing surgical wounds in upper respiratory tract is often difficult and painful due to constant presence of food (contamination), movements during talking and continuous presence of aggressive saliva. Most of the surgery clinics use natural solutions especially chamomile to accelerate healing and to remove patient's postoperative problems. Gel Enzymel parodont, which contains proteolytic enzymes and its application limits bacteria production and accelerates healing of the surgical wounds, hasn't been used in a clinical treatment in surgical ORL yet and its effects on healing haven't been studied. The theoretical part of this study is focused on a brief introduction of selected surgical procedures in upper respiratory tract and the corresponding nursing process including a summary of possible complications in the postoperative period. The empirical part of the thesis contains a summary of the results of non-standardized questionnaire survey, which was conducted on selected patients of the ORL (ENT) Clinic of Motol University Hospital. Using a surrogate survey of a selected group of patients (80 in total), data were obtained to compare the effectiveness of the investigated agents, especially in the area of...
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Computational modelling of human voice propagation through the vocal tract and in space around the head
Švarc, Martin ; Pellant, Karel (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
The following master thesis deals with creating a computational model for acoustic wave distribution by the human vocal tract and then the space around a human head. Detailed mapping of the sound field around the human head is important for more accurate measurement of the human voice. Part of this work is the creation of three-dimensional finite element model of the human head and the vocal tract during phonation of the vowel /:a/ based on the data from the computational tomography. Further the literature search of the function of the vocal tract, biomechanics of the making of the human voice, an overview of the computational models so far published in the literature and in literature reported measurements of the distribution of the human voice by the vocal tract and then in the space around the head . The following is the actual numerical solution of the acoustic waves distribution from the vocal cords through the vocal tract and then the space around the human head when thinking of acoustic absorption on the walls of the vocal tract and on the skin of the head for different types of waking of the model. The results are compared with previously published measurements of the distribution of the human voice and mainly the distortion of the frequency spectra at each specific node in the space around the head and in its vicinity of where the sensor microphones are typically placed are analyzed. Results of the computational modeling will eventually be used for frequency correction for various positions of the microphones scanning the voice distribution in its diagnosis, speech or singing.
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SPECIFIC NURSING CARE FOR CHILDREN WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY
PICKOVÁ, Lenka
The first part of the Thesis on the topic Specifics of Nursing Care of Children with Upper Respiratory Disorders is aimed at upper respiratory tract anatomy and physiology, inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract and nursing care. The second part is a research one. Two research goals and two questions were set for the research. The aim of the work was to find out the specifics of nursing care of children with acute laryngitis and the most frequently occurring nursing diagnoses in children with acute laryngitis. The research questions were formulated as follows: 1 ? What nursing care specifics are required for children with acute laryngitis? 2 ? What are the most frequent nursing diagnoses in children with acute laryngitis? Qualitative research methods of interview, observation and documentation content analysis were applied on data collection. The first research sample consisted of nurses working at the paediatric department of the Strakonice Hospital. The second research sample consisted of children suffering from acute laryngitis hospitalized at the paediatric ward of the same hospital. An answer to the first question was formed upon evaluation of the results of interviews with nurses and upon observation: Nursing care of children suffering from acute laryngitis has its specifics based on ensuring upper respiratory tract clearance by dosing inhalation and medicaments according to practitioner?s order, ensuring child?s elevated position of and supply of fresh air to the room where the child lies. An answer to the second question was based on evaluation of nursing documentation analysis and on observation: The most frequent diagnoses in children with acute laryngitis are particularly Ineffective clearance of respiratory tract, Aspiration risk, Sleep disorder. The research results will be made available to nurses of the ward where the research took place as they may contribute to nursing care improvement. The practical output of the thesis involves two nursing diagnoses elaborated by the nursing process method.
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