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Frequency of hidden vision defects in preschool children as a handicap of their prosperous development and play as means of vision reeducation in kindergartens
Fidlerová, Dagmar ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
The thesis presents a successful project of vision screening in preschool children carried out mostly in kindergartens in Pardubice. The quantitative, non- experimental research of vision defects frequency in preschool children in Pardubice was realized by means of deduktive method and brought surprising, as well as alarming results.It proves, that 7.8% of preschool children had hidden vision defects, as until the time of vision screening these defects had not been discovered by pediatric practitioners at regular preventive examinations and also remained unnoticed by parents. The minimum of 10% rate of vision defects in preschool children then indicates the necessity to introduce vision reeducation in common kindergarten classes in Pardubice. As special pedagogical support, the thesis provides comprehensive methodology of vision reeducation. The method tank of 50 games and playful activities with thoroughly worked up methodology will help the teachers in common kindergarten classes to work with visually handicapped children.
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Pleoptic and orthoptic training for visually impaired children in preschool age.
ŠTOČKOVÁ, Šárka
The theoretical part of this bachelor's paper is aimed at the development of visual perception since the child{\crq}s birth until pre-school age, and further at pleoptic and orthoptic training. The paper also mentions the anatomy of the organ of vision, and the eyesight impairments of childhood. The theoretical part examines in more detail binocular vision, as pleoptic and orthoptic training are aimed exactly at binocular vision impairments (strabismus and amblyopia). The practical part presents the results of the research, which was focused on eye/hand coordination of pre-school children in an ordinary nursery school and in a nursery school for visually impaired children. The research part was performed by means of controlled observations in both types of nursery school. In total, 200 controlled observations were performed. The objective of this bachelor's paper is to establish the level of visual coordination of children in a nursery school for visually impaired and in an ordinary nursery school. My hypothesis was stated as follows: ``Because children in a nursery school for visually impaired develop visual coordination also by means of pleoptic and orthoptic training, they have better visual coordination compared to children in an ordinary nursery school, who develop visual coordination only through games and drawing{\crqq}. Upon comparison of the results from the two nursery schools, the research has proven that children of pre-school age in a nursery school for visually impaired have better eye/hand coordination than children of the same age in an ordinary nursery school. Thus, my hypothesis proved true. The paper could serve as a study material, as those issues are not comprehensively elaborated in any publication.
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