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Dealing with the evil in the family
BEČVÁŘOVÁ, Pavla
This bachelor's thesis describes the process of family member evaluation with moral evil of another family member. The theoretical part defines the concept of family and specifies the family activities and influences on a child including pathological family phenomena. Besides, the moral philosophy evaluates the terms of moral good and bad. The Ten Commandments with extracts of moral evil are used as the moral codex not only for believers in God. The concluding of theoretical part surveys of blame phenomenon and possible human response to the blame of another person. Great attention is paid to forgiveness. The experimental research by means of qualitative methodology is defined by the practical part that is compiled of three profound talks with persons who are in a way affected by moral evil of a family member. Above all there are studies of a family member attitude to another one who committed some moral evil and then the process of facing the other's blame. The data analysis is carried out by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
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Basic human values in the environmental education of nursery school children
MELOUNKOVÁ, Jana
The topic of this work are the basic human values, which can be pre-school children familiarized with through environmental education. Environmental education and the definition of the basic human values follows after physical, psychical and social characteristics of the pre-school age. The methodology of pre-school education, which outlines the basic human values to children through environmental education, is based on the explanation of the key terms. The aim of this work was to verify the possibility that, even though the education plan is based on the focus on the basic human values in environmental education, it still follows the demand for the general development of pre-school children. The work was also focussed on a question whether a new dimension in this field of values can be found in the pre-school age.
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Friendship is, according to Aristotle, the basis of marriage
BALI, Kateřina
This piece of work is dealing with friendship, eventually with marriage according to Aristotle´s concept. The first chapter focuses on interpretation of friendship together with required features that belong to it. The second chapter is dedicated to marriage that leans on interpretation of unequal frienship and is anchored in the political concept of a state. The whole work describes Aristotle´s point of view on these two phenomenons namely via primary and secondary literature sources.
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Who is Afraid of Being Smart?
Chvatík, Ivan
Although the dialogue is formally aporetical, this paper argues that Plato succeeded in grapsing – between the lines – the phronesis Charmides is looking for. However, this is not possible by means of a definition, since phronesis is neither a thing nor substantial knowledge. It seems to be a sort of self-reference, an ability to project one’s acting in unpredictable situations, to judge if something was done well or wrong, to consider what one knows and what not. Hence phronesis is the ability which precedes and makes any knowledge possible and without which nobody can act well and be happy. In this sense the phronesis of this dialogue is closely connected with the Platonic concept of the good and has much in common with the Platonic concept of human "immortality".
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Why to Go to Study with Euthydemus?
Chvatík, Ivan
The paper attempts to show that the purpose of the Euthydemus is not to ridicule the sophist’s art of disputation, but rather to point out the problems which serious philosophical dialectics encounters in the very essence of language, especially as concerns initiating others into this highest of all human activities. As the author sees it, the dialogue denies the possibility of teaching philosophy as the supreme human virtue and way to bliss, while explaining the paradoxical characteristics of such a virtue. This special virtue, i.e. human rationality (phronesis), is inherent in human beings; one cannot learn it extrinsically, but merely cultivate it as such. The author finally suggests further consideration of whether Plato’s concept of phronesis can be identified with his idea of the Good.
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Polytropos Odysseus, polytropoteros Hippias, polytropotatos Sokrates
Chvatík, Ivan
The paper attempts to figure out the message of the dialogue from its text alone, without recurring to other dialogues or to an "unwritten doctrine". Socrates defeats Hippias in the discussion not by a superiority in positive knowledge but by his wits. He implicitly shows the reader that it is wrong to believe with Hippias that the morality of the character would be an ability of the kind of a positive knowledge. The message of the dialogue results in understanding that the human wit is more than knowledge, makes it possible, and enables us to use it morally well or evil. It is wit which makes us human, not knowledge.
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