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Ropný sektor a jeho dopad na vývoj situace ve Venezuele
Šubová, Pavlína
This bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of oil industry and its impact on economic but also political situation in the country. This issue is inherently connected with the theory of resource curse, which is analyzed from both political and economic points of view. The next part focuses on the history of Venezuela, which is closely interconnected with and influenced by the oil industry in the last century. The concluding section inquires into the significant decline of oil industry during the regime of Nicolás Maduro and contains the data, which are used as a base for an analysis of political and economic situation in Venezuela.
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Energy profile of the Republic of Azerbaijan: recent developments and their impact on the European Union's energy security
Hajiyev, Shahmar ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Žídková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis will focus on Azerbaijan's oil and gas industry; how the country uses its energy revenues within its economy; how it avoids economic pathologies such as the "Dutch Disease"; Azerbaijan's role within the Caspian Basin, and finally, the European Union's energy security and how Azerbaijan's energy resources can impact it. The Republic of Azerbaijan is a natural resource-rich country, and uses its energy resources as a means of socio-economic advancement and stability. Recent developments within the country's natural gas sector have allowed Azerbaijan to become a net gas exporter. The EU's growing demand for energy resources illustrates how important it is for states to have access to secure, stable, and diverse sources of energy. Energy resource exploration and the subsequent export of these products to international markets play a crucial role for the Republic of Azerbaijan's economy. Therefore, this thesis will first provide a brief evaluation of the history of Azerbaijan's energy sector; an overview of the current situation and recent developments; and explore how energy revenues are being distributed in the economy. It will define the interests of other important actors such as Russia, Turkey and the USA; and finally, it will assess the EU energy security, the role of Azerbaijan as the...
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Economic change in Russia: Oil dependency
Krupa, Mikuláš ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This thesis concentrates on the case of Russian economy and assessment of its dependence on oil. Russia is often cited as an example of country suffering from resource curse as its natural wealth forms significant share of country's exports and revenues. Thesis will first concentrate on factors determining current state of Russian economy. Presence of the symptoms of Dutch disease in the Russian economy will be studied using the Vector error correction model (VECM) applied on the real effective exchange rate of country (REER). Thesis will also contain an assessment of Russian institutional environment to check for other symptoms of resource curse theory. Analysis of latest federal budget will be used to evaluate the sustainability of Russian federal finances. The thesis is concluded by discussion of results and possible paths of future development of Russian economy.
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The impact of natural resources on the intrastate conflicts in international relations - sale of booty futures in the African civil wars
Pazderník, Martin ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Werkman, Kateřina (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the potential impact of natural resources on intrastate conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa. The major aim is to investigate the general validity of the resource curse theory and of Ross's hypothesis about selling booty futures in civil wars. The presumed negative influence of both theories is tested on the cases of recent intrastate conflicts in the region, namely in Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Republic of Congo, Liberia and Sierra Leone. However, the main contribution of the thesis is probably the analysis of another case, namely Botswana, which, unlike other countries, appears to be out of the generally valid standards of the resource curse theory, as the only one experiencing long-term positive economic growth. The partial aim of the thesis is also to analyze the Botswana's success in managing natural resources and then to suggest some possible recommendations for other states in the region. The thesis is written in the qualitative approach, particularly in the form of thorough work with academic literature. The research method is the Method of Difference by John Stuart Mill, in its revised form of the Most Similar Systems Design.
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Energy profile of the Republic of Azerbaijan: recent developments and their impact on the European Union's energy security
Hajiyev, Shahmar ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Žídková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis will focus on Azerbaijan's oil and gas industry; how the country uses its energy revenues within its economy; how it avoids economic pathologies such as the "Dutch Disease"; Azerbaijan's role within the Caspian Basin, and finally, the European Union's energy security and how Azerbaijan's energy resources can impact it. The Republic of Azerbaijan is a natural resource-rich country, and uses its energy resources as a means of socio-economic advancement and stability. Recent developments within the country's natural gas sector have allowed Azerbaijan to become a net gas exporter. The EU's growing demand for energy resources illustrates how important it is for states to have access to secure, stable, and diverse sources of energy. Energy resource exploration and the subsequent export of these products to international markets play a crucial role for the Republic of Azerbaijan's economy. Therefore, this thesis will first provide a brief evaluation of the history of Azerbaijan's energy sector; an overview of the current situation and recent developments; and explore how energy revenues are being distributed in the economy. It will define the interests of other important actors such as Russia, Turkey and the USA; and finally, it will assess the EU energy security, the role of Azerbaijan as the...
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Curse or Blessing: natural resources and economic growth - comparison of the development of Botswana, Nigeria, Norway and Canada in early 21st century
Zubíková, Adéla ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zeman, Karel (referee)
This thesis seeks to verify the concept of so-called resource curse at the beginning of the new millennium. The theoretical part defines the symptoms of the alleged curse, curse transmission channels and criticism of the concept. Compared to other studies dealing with the theme of the resource curse this work is not focused on just one transmission channel. The practical part verifies several hypotheses established by comparing research papers on impacts of natural resources. The validity of the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis, Dutch disease symptoms and a negative impact on political institutions (inclination toward authoritarianism, high level of corruption, high government spending, low efficiency of economic and political decision-making and low investment in education) is verified. For the analysis have been selected two African countries (Nigeria and Botswana) and two advanced countries (Canada and Norway). The last part of this thesis provides policy implications. The results confirm the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis for selected commodities in the long term and some of the symptoms of Dutch disease at the beginning of the new millennium. Hypotheses regarding the impact on the political institutions have not been confirmed, since the results varied across the countries. The high vulnerability of the countries to movements in commodity prices was found.
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Vliv těžby ropy na norskou ekonomiku
Malkovský, Michal ; Doležal, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
Norway serves as a unique example of a developed country whose economy is dominated by export of natural resources. Thanks to its large petroleum reserves Norway has become one of the richest countries in the world. This thesis examines how the country has coped with its transformation and if it has avoided the so-called resource curse. It deals with the effects of the oil industry on the other sectors of the economy as well as on Norwegians' wellbeing. As the revenue from the petroleum production has grown, the state has implemented number of economic policies with the aim to utilize it in favour of the weakened industries and the society as a whole. So far, the oil industry has brought Norway prosperity thanks to sound governance and fitting policies. The question is whether the measures are sufficient to tackle both the decreasing production and prices of oil while maintaining the advantage the country has gained.
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Influence of mineral resources on politics and economics in chosen countries of Sub-Saharan Africa
Krausová, Kateřina ; Volenec, Otakar (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
Diplom thesis discusses a question of influence of mineral resources on politics and economics in chosen countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. The paradox of low economic development of many resource rich countries significantly engaged in international trade is often discussed by economic experts. I decided to focus on Sub-Saharan Africa because I consider this region to be unable to fully use its potential for economic development despite being very rich in natural resources.Target of this thesis is to find out which natural resources exist in chosen countires, how the countries manage them, how successfull their economic development is, which problems they currently handle and how their current situation is related to their historic, cultural and politic background. For the purpose of my thesis I have chosen Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo and Botswana.
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Zhroucené státy v mezinárodních vztazích
Čepilová, Barbora ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
The aim of the work Failed States in International Relations is the examination of this phenomenon regarding the terminological discrepancy, causes of the state fragility, security and social aspects and the various attitudes from the side of the international communities. A special part is dealing with so called "successfully failed states" where despite the obvious non-functioning the state is able to survive due to the revenues from the natural resources. The ?ndings are represented on the case study of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a country with huge potential but miserable performance by now.
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