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Viral and cellular RNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Krupicová, Daniela ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Lišková, Petra (referee)
Viral and cellular RNA dependent RNA polymerases Krupicová Daniela Abstract RNA dependent RNA polymerases synthesize RNA strand from RNA template. They can be divided into two large groups - viral (RdRp) and cellular (RDR) polymerases. Viral RdRp play a key role in the life cycle of RNA viruses, ensuring replication and transcription of their genome. The structure, which resembles the "right hand", is similar to other types single-subunit polymerases. Large amounts of knowledge are available about the RdRp of RNA viruses with positive single strand RNA genome. This information then helps in the development of antiviral drugs targeting the RdRp. The second group consists of cellular RDR. These polymerases are found only in eukaryotes. Their active site is homologous to the active site of multisubunits DNA dependent RNA polymerases. RDR is involved in RNA silencing pathways.
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Mechanisms of autophagy and their relation to virus infections
Slavková, Martina ; Forstová, Jitka (advisor) ; Schierová, Michaela (referee)
Autophagy is one of the defense mechanisms of the cells. It is highly conserved from yeast to man. Cytosolic proteins or whole organelles are degraded by this process. Autophagy is induced by various conditions. We distinguish several types of autophagy, e. g. macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy is carried out through the cellular structure called autophagosome. Degradation takes place in the lysosomal compartment of the cells. A large number of proteins and regulatory molecules is involved in the whole mechanism. Autophagy is connected with the other cellular mechanisms such as the cytoplasm-to-vacuole pathway which extends under optimal growth conditions of the cells. Autophagy also works as a defense mechanism during viral infection or it is misused by viruses for their benefit.
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Viral and cellular RNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Krupicová, Daniela ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Lišková, Petra (referee)
Viral and cellular RNA dependent RNA polymerases Krupicová Daniela Abstract RNA dependent RNA polymerases synthesize RNA strand from RNA template. They can be divided into two large groups - viral (RdRp) and cellular (RDR) polymerases. Viral RdRp play a key role in the life cycle of RNA viruses, ensuring replication and transcription of their genome. The structure, which resembles the "right hand", is similar to other types single-subunit polymerases. Large amounts of knowledge are available about the RdRp of RNA viruses with positive single strand RNA genome. This information then helps in the development of antiviral drugs targeting the RdRp. The second group consists of cellular RDR. These polymerases are found only in eukaryotes. Their active site is homologous to the active site of multisubunits DNA dependent RNA polymerases. RDR is involved in RNA silencing pathways.
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