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English present perfect and its Czech translation counterparts
Losmanová, Milena ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the meanings of the English present perfect and the factors leading to identification of the specific meaning in a given sentence. Czech translations of English sentences are used as indicators of the meaning. The analysis is based on 100 examples of the English present perfect and their Czech translation counterparts excerpted from the InterCorp paralel corpus. The Czech counterparts have been analysed especially with respect to the verbal categories of time and aspect (vid) as well as the temporal adjuncts. Apart from the syntactic-semantic features of verbs, the context factors of the English sentences that may influence the perfect (adverbials of time, method of incorporation of the present perfect into multiple sentence etc.) have been analysed. The aim of this thesis is to answer the question posed by Vilém Mathesius whether there is a correspondence between the perfect tense and the pefective aspect in Czech. Key words: present perfect, Czech aspect
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Comparison of Tense System in Spanish and French: the Use of Present Perfect and Past Simple
Jandečková, Eva ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
Comparison of the Tense Systems in Spanish and French: the Use of the Present Perfect and Past Simple This paper is concerned with tenses in Spanish and in French. First they are analysed generally, from the theoretical point of view, and subsequently, the author focuses on comparing the use of two of them: the present perfect and the past simple. The author is building on the conviction that although the verb systems of Roman languages are nearly identical, and also that the basic values of their tenses are identical, their specific uses may differ. First, she examines how tenses participate in the expression of time in language and how they can refer to extralinguistic time. As much attention has been paid to this topic, part one of the paper examines the theories that have been reflected the most in works on Spanish and French verbs. The fact that each of them emphasises a different aspect in explaining the meaning and function of each tense allows us to better understand the fundamental value of the tenses. One chapter is devoted to the diachronic view of the Roman system of verbs which allows us to see which features and development tendencies are common to all Roman languages, and which are only found in some of them. Here, the author points out primarily the fact that the loss of the...
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Analysis of the use of simple past in contrast to the present perfect in contemporary spoken Italian
KAZÍKOVÁ, Dominika
This bachelor thesis focuses on observing the use of "passato prossimo" and "passato remoto" past tenses in contemporary speaking Italian. It is focused on both already mentioned tenses and then also on the comparison with perfect tense. Speech is also introduced in the thesis in necessary extent. Thesis deals with inconsistent use of tenses mentioned above and it shows it is not always used according to grammar rules. It looks into the reason why native speakers tend to use tenses differently, even if they talk about the same historical event or an influential person and if there are any rules or circumstances showing why native speakers tend to use particular tenses. More frequently used tense "passato remoto" differs from theories stated in various textbooks and grammars,which define this past tense as a tense in "decay" used mostly in books or used by inhabitants of southern part of the country. Questionnaire which is applied on native speakers is the reason why this thesis keeps progressing and is the main pillar of this thesis. Research also consists of watching documentaries and interviews, in which both of the tenses occur and subsequently the results are individually analyzed.
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English present perfect and its Czech translation counterparts
Losmanová, Milena ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Brůhová, Gabriela (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the meanings of the English present perfect and the factors leading to identification of the specific meaning in a given sentence. Czech translations of English sentences are used as indicators of the meaning. The analysis is based on 100 examples of the English present perfect and their Czech translation counterparts excerpted from the InterCorp paralel corpus. The Czech counterparts have been analysed especially with respect to the verbal categories of time and aspect (vid) as well as the temporal adjuncts. Apart from the syntactic-semantic features of verbs, the context factors of the English sentences that may influence the perfect (adverbials of time, method of incorporation of the present perfect into multiple sentence etc.) have been analysed. The aim of this thesis is to answer the question posed by Vilém Mathesius whether there is a correspondence between the perfect tense and the pefective aspect in Czech. Key words: present perfect, Czech aspect
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Comparison of Tense System in Spanish and French: the Use of Present Perfect and Past Simple
Jandečková, Eva ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
Comparison of the Tense Systems in Spanish and French: the Use of the Present Perfect and Past Simple This paper is concerned with tenses in Spanish and in French. First they are analysed generally, from the theoretical point of view, and subsequently, the author focuses on comparing the use of two of them: the present perfect and the past simple. The author is building on the conviction that although the verb systems of Roman languages are nearly identical, and also that the basic values of their tenses are identical, their specific uses may differ. First, she examines how tenses participate in the expression of time in language and how they can refer to extralinguistic time. As much attention has been paid to this topic, part one of the paper examines the theories that have been reflected the most in works on Spanish and French verbs. The fact that each of them emphasises a different aspect in explaining the meaning and function of each tense allows us to better understand the fundamental value of the tenses. One chapter is devoted to the diachronic view of the Roman system of verbs which allows us to see which features and development tendencies are common to all Roman languages, and which are only found in some of them. Here, the author points out primarily the fact that the loss of the...
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