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Design of PET bottle recyclation device for creation of 3D printing filament
Huplík, Ondřej ; Kolomý, Štěpán (referee) ; Sedlák, Josef (advisor)
The rise in popularity of 3D printing and the increasing amount of plastic waste are putting an emphasis on finding new sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions. This thesis addresses the issue of recycling plastic materials and how PET plastic can be used in 3D printing. The theoretical part describes the current possibilities of plastic recycling. The practical part focuses on the design of a device that accepts a PET bottle strip and converts it into filament by bringing it above the glass transition temperature. The device is designed with cost and compactness in mind. The device can be further improved and adapted for different types of plastic materials.
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The separation of microplastics from environmental matrices
Pařízková, Mia Victoria ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with methods of separation microplastics from soil and the follow up application of quantitative methods of gravimetry, ATR-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. Samples containing model soil and PET or PLA microplastics of different concentrations were prepared. These samples were separated using potassium carbonate solution of known density. The effectivity of separation was measured by gravimetry. The samples were also analysed using ATR-FTIR and Py-GC/MS methods the results of which were compared by correlation coefficients. It was found that ATR-FTIR is a more suitable method, thus it was used for analysis of prepared samples of ten different real soils and PET or PLA microplastics.
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The problematics of identification and quantification of microplastics in soils
Polachová, Tereza ; Pavlovský, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis summarizes the current findings on the presence, behavior and analysis of microplastics in soils. The most common method for analyzing microplastics in soils is FTIR spectroscopy. However, summaries of findings and results of published research indicate insufficient standardization of sampling, purification and handling of samples. The aim was to create a mathematical model for the quantification of PET in mixtures of standard soils and PET, which was subsequently verified on mixtures of PET in different real soils. The result is a model which should be universal for the quantitative analysis of PET in standard and real soils, with low and high PET concentration. Models were created for the following wavenumbers 2965.80 cm-1; 1739.99 cm-1; 1299.85 cm-1 and 1135.31 cm-1. The correlation coefficients R2 for individual wavenumbers were: 0.9606; 0.9141; 0.9360 and 0.8879.
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Zhodnocení zdravotního stavu potkanů v zájmových chovech
BUREŠOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis was dealing with the issue of diseases in fancy rats (Rattus norvegicus). The literature part consisted of a brief history in the first chapter, in the second chapter there was an introduction to ideal hygiene conditions in rat care, basics of nutrition and diet and suitable breeding facilities. The third, most extensive chapter was focusing on specific diseases of fancy rats. The practical part was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey, with 106 participants. It aimed to assess the health status and disease prevention of fancy rats in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The results were compiled into charts and graphs for better understanding and were subsequently discussed with the scientific literature and the owners' experiences.
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Analysis and optimization of the current state of waste management in rPET InWaste s.r.o.
Dočekal, Petr ; Vymazal, Petr (referee) ; Chorazy, Tomáš (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the analysis of selected waste from production and the proposal of appropriate optimization of their management in accordance with the principles of circular economy and current legislation in force in the Czech Republic. It also deals with the optimization of waste management arising in the administrative premises of the company. The aim of the work was to prepare a research of current legislative and strategic documents in the field of waste management and, in connection with this, a subsequent proposal for optimization for selected waste streams. In the experimental part, analysis of selected waste streams from the production line was carried out using FTIR, titration and vacuum evaporation methods. The first part of the thesis consists of the research of legal regulations and strategic documents in the EU and Czech republic. In the second part, the optimization of selected waste management is proposed. For some of the proposed solutions, the thesis evaluates the economic viability of the proposed solution compared to conventional management methods. The results and the methods used led to the proposal of optimization of waste management in production and administrative part of the company rPET InWaste s.r.o.
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Study of the interaction of hazardous metal – microplastic
Sinčáková, Lenka ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
Mikroplasty, široko zastúpené vo vodnom prostredí, slúžia ako vektor širokej škály kontaminantov, vrátane ťažkých kovov. Táto práca sa zaoberá adsorpciou piatich ťažkých kovov (Pb, Hg, Zn, Cu and Cd) na polyetylén tereftalát (PET), rozšírený polutant riek a morí. Pokiaľ ide o vplyv veľkosti mikroplastov na proces adsorpcie, nebol zistený jasný trend. Salinita prostredia má značný vplyv na adsorpčný proces s pozorovateľným poklesom adsorbovaných množstiev v prostredí s vysokou iónovou silou. Analyzované ťažké kovy boli zoradené vzostupne podľa ich schopnosti adsorpcie na PET nasledovne: Hg
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Fate of microplastics in soil
Kameníková, Eliška ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Kučerík, Jiří (advisor)
The problems with microplastics, small plastic particles contaminating the environment, is a subject of heated discussions today. It has been recognized that the microplastics are not inert, but instead they have an impact on all enviromnental compartments. There are studies describing the negative effects of microplastics, for example on fauna and flora or on human health, but the effects on soil quality have not been sufficiently described. The aim of this thesis was to assess the short and medium term effects that microplastics could have on the soil. In this work, a series of experiments were performed to elucidate the fate of microplastics in the soil. Changes in soil organic matter thermal properties, soil respiration, amount of water and soil aggregation depending on the incubation time were monitored. Three types of agricultural land (chernozem, cambisol and phaeozem), which were contaminated with different concentrations od PET and tyre rubber, were tested. The results confirmed the specific effects of microplastics on soil properties, which were observed in non-incubated samples (i.e. at the time of incubation 0 months), microplastics did not behave inertly in the soil and affected, for example, soil properties, texture and respiration.
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FTIR analysis of soils containing plastics and microplastics
Sinčáková, Lenka ; Pavlovský, Jiří (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the sources of microplastics in soils, their potential toxicity for men as well as the environment and soil-plastic interaction. It provides an overview of methods that are commonly used for qualitative and quantitative characterisation of microplastics in soils with focus on FTIR spectrometry. In the experimental part, real soil samples were evaluated with the use of ATR-FTIR based on model soils-microplastics mixtures calibrations. Vaidation models for model mixtures and carbon content were also evaluated.
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Development of Imaging Methods and its Importance to Biomechanics
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Houfek, Martin (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to collect all available literature, from which can reader obtain basic knowledge of imaging methods. The methods are divided by its origin into four categories: x-rays, magnetic resonance, ultrasound and nuclear medicine. Each of them is described from the historical, physics and technological view. At the end the importance of each method to medicine and biomechanics is summarized.
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