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Application of the Kathryn Barnard nursing care model to the physically handicapped child
STRNADOVÁ, Eva
Physical disability/physical handicap is an affection that is manifested by either temporary or permanent problems in motor diathesis of children. Physically disabled children may suffer from physical disability either from their birth or may acquire physical disability in the course of their lives. These problems may act in a negative manner on children perception and feeling and the same holds good for their near relatives. Problems come into existence in parent-physically handicapped child interrelation. The nursing model of Ms. Kathryn Barnard focuses on mutual interaction between parents and their children. In her model Ms. Kathryn Barnard points out the importance of the aforementioned parent-physically handicapped child interrelationship. On the basis of evaluation of the parent-child interactions based on three main factors: a child, mother, environment, a general child development is determined. The parent-child interaction affects a child development, child{\crq}s health, growth and development of a child. The aim of nursing care is to assist in finding a proper way of parent- physically disabled child interaction so that the nursing care may act on general development of a child in a positive manner. In this diploma work the following goal has been set: to find out and identify the most important problems existing in the parent-physically disabled child relation, and to evaluate possibilities of nursing care in solving problems arising at the parent-physically disabled child interaction. For the purpose of meeting these goals the following research questions has been established: What are the most important problems in the parent-physically handicapped child interaction? How can nursing care help in the parent-physically handicapped child interaction? What is the proper procedure for the nursing care of a physically disabled child and his/her close relatives? After carrying out research examinations the answers to the above-specified questions are as follows: 1. The most important problems lying in the parent-physically disabled child interaction are as follows: parent to reconcile himself/herself with his/her child's diagnosis, more frequent occurrence of stress situations, excessive emotional ties of the physically handicapped child with his/her nursing personnel. 2. The nurse can help by means of nursing process in an active manner solve the above-specified problems in interrelation between parent-physically handicapped children. On the basis of information having been gained by the study of professional literature and pieces of information obtained from the answers of the parents of physically disabled children a nursing documentation has been made in accordance with the Kathryn Barnard interaction model as well as nursing care standard of physically handicapped children. By finishing it both the third and fourth aims have been accomplished. Nurses providing care for physically disabled children have used the nursing documentation and it has proved useful and nursing personnel declared it satisfactory. The nursing documentation and the standard should help nurses in providing quality nursing care of physically handicapped children.
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Comprehensive education in the family and school in the prevention of child accidents.
KALOUSKOVÁ, Ivana
The aim was to map the knowledge of the surveyed group of respondents (students,parents, teachers) in a first aid, then to map the knowledge about the prevention of the children?s injuries and determine a frequency of the injuries among children in elementary schools in the South Bohemian Region. The survey proved that boys are affected by injuries more often than girls. .The injury occurs the most during sports, at home and at school. With assessing the injury, according to the type of injury, I found out, that most of the injuries fall into the group of fractures, contusions and joint luxation. According to the results of the study was found that as education of parents is not reflected in the injury. Most injuries were confirmed by parents with higher vocational education, the least injuries of parents with primary education. School injuries were confirmed at more local school when compared with schools in the city. The results of this work could be the basis for a project or program in preventing injuries. Furthermore, this work is based on feedback to primary schools, thus preventing the most common injuries, which were statistically evaluated.
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Specifics of nursing care in children with cystic fibrosis
ADAMČÍKOVÁ, Hana
The topic of the thesis is ?Specifics of nursing care about children with cystic fibrosis?. Cystic fibrosis, in some countries known as mucoviscidosis, occurs as a part of a complex disorder. It is a hereditary, incurable disease, which may occur at any time during the life. Timely diagnostic of this disease is very important for maintenance of good condition of an affected child. As a late diagnosis involves frequent visits to doctors or hospitals, it leads to complicated examinations with anxiety in the family and postponement of efficient therapy. This is why infant screening is performed in all maternity wards nowadays. The research was performed in the University Hospital Praha Motol. Qualitative research in the form of interviews with 4 nurses from the ward for children with cystic fibrosis, with 5 parents of children affected by cystic fibrosis and with 6 children with cystic fibrosis was applied. Nurses from an anthropologic and spirometry departments and from a department for adults suffering from cystic fibrosis were also interviewed. The responses from the interviews were processed in the form of case studies.
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Specifics of nursing care of a child patiens with oncological pain.
ČAŇKOVÁ, Helena
The topic of the thesis is: Specifics of nursing care of a child patient with oncologic pain. Children{\crq}s pain is a phenomenon surrounded by many myths and false information. It is also not sufficiently assessed and treated and often bagatelized by both nurses and doctors. Nurses play irreplaceable role in pain treatment, they are with the child patient more frequently then the doctor and are in close touch with the child{\crq}s parents. The care of a suffering child is a serious task in nursing. Treatment of a patient in pains requires a complex, holistic approach. Nurses, even if they diagnose pain properly, do not set an adequate nursing care plan and do not carry it out. Nurses have to defend interests of the sick child and must not let him/her suffer. The data was obtained by quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research was carried out by the technique of anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire was made for the parents of children with oncologic disease. The qualitative research was carried out by the technique of semi-structured in-depth interview. The research sample consisted of nurses working at the Department of children{\crq}s oncology One of the aims of this thesis was to outline the problems in nursing care of a child patient with oncologic pain from the point of view of the parents. We observed if the parents had been informed about their child{\crq}s pain, if they know what symptoms they should watch in their child, if they know all the aspects of pain to be assessed and treatment methods to relieve the pain and also how nurses respond to their child{\crq}s pain. For this aim, a following hypothesis has been set forth: The parents of children patients with oncologic pain are educated about the possibilities of nursing care focused on relieving the pain. This hypothesis was confirmed by statistic testing. Another aim of this thesis was to find out the specifics of nursing care of a child patient with oncologic pain. Nurses think that the specifics of nursing care of a child patient with oncologic pain are not different from any other care of a child in pains. They just state that an oncologic disease is associated with pains caused by the disease itself or by diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Therefore they consider a specific feature the fact that the pain is observed more intensively and the staff is more precise in relieving the pain. It is obvious from the research that it would be effective for both parties, both for the nurses and the parents, to use educational materials on pain intended for them. I suppose that if there were such materials available, the parents would not need to contact nurses repeatedly. There was also a positive finding in the research that 92.5% of parents stated that nurses respond to children{\crq}s pain within 10 minutes. Further, that nurses believe that the child has pains, which was stated by 98.2% of the parents.
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Shaken baby syndrome problems and prevention from the nurse retrospective view
DRAXLEROVÁ, Milena
Abstract {--} Shaken baby syndrome problems and prevention from retrospective nurse point of view The dissertation objective on the theme {\clqq}Shaken baby syndrome problems and prevention from retrospective nurse point of view`` is to process an entire literature and outline the shaken baby syndrome problem. Further to find out the shaken baby syndrome knowledge at nurses and parents by way of analysis and questionnaires evaluation. The third aim of this thesis was to develop the simple educational material for the parents within this work. To meet these objectives the dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical one devotes to entire available literature processing related to shaken baby syndrome. The practical part focuses on the quantitative knowledge extent finding out at nurses and parents referring to shaken baby syndrome above all and concentrates on the parents education from nurse side, especially in the field of the baby cry as the main shaken baby syndrome initiator. The data of the quantitative research part have been learned by means of questionnaire disquisition. There were used two kinds of questionnaires, the first for nurses and the second one for parents and home nurses. Both of them were anonymous. The simple developed information material for parents concentrating mainly on correct ways of cry soothing related to shaken baby syndrome is the part of results. Three hypothesises have been set for work needs. Hypothesis 1 {\clqq}There are many sources of the professional literature concerning shaken baby syndrome in the Czech Republic`` hasn´t come true. Hypothesis 2 {\clqq}The parents and health workers knowledge about shaken baby syndrome is wanting`` has come true. Hypothesis 3 {\clqq}Shaken baby syndrome primary prevention doesn´t exist in the Czech Republic`` has also come true. The nurses and parents poor knowledge about the shaken baby syndrome was the important fact found out within research disquisition. With respect to serious consequences of shaken baby syndrome which can be sometime fatal for children there is a need to meet nurses this syndrome and enable them to be familiar with recognition and determination of the shaken baby syndrome risk factors both from the parents and children side. Thus this work could also serve as a source of more information about mentioned problems. The developed information material for parents could have another utilization during their care of child.
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Development of legal regulations of parental allowance in 1996 - 2009
FLÉGLOVÁ, Helena
The system of the state social support was established on 1st October 1995 when Act No. 117/1995 Coll. on social state support took effect. This Bachelor´s thesis, the title of which is "Development of legal regulations of parental allowance in 1996 {--} 2009``, is focused on the key benefit of the state social support - the parental allowance. It is a benefit independent on the height of income of the qualified person and is intended for a parent who personally and duly cares for a child while meeting other requirements needed to draw this allowance such as child´s age and health condition. The introduction of the parental allowance pursued an aim to make care for a child better and to improve social conditions of families with small children. The aim of the thesis is to map the development of the parental allowance since its beginning and to point out pros and cons of the legal regulations contained in Act No. 117/1995 Coll., on state social support. Since 1995 the legal regulations of the parental allowance have undergone a lot of more or less fundamental changes. Originally the height of the allowance was dependent on the living minimum and on the fact whether a parent is supported or not. Afterwards the amount of the allowance was determined by the height of the average salary in the non-productive sphere of the economy. The last big change brought about an allowance provided at several rates that are set at fixed amounts according to duration of drawing whereas the parents elect the period and amount of the allowance. In January 1998 a new system was established - a child may attend a day care centre or other pre-school facility in the maximum range stipulated by law, without a parent losing a claim to the payment of the parental allowance. The law has not forgotten about disabled children and their parents. It goes without saying that a disabled child requires more financial resources from a family. The attitude to the earning power of a parent has changed as well. Since January 2008 parents have been able to select the period of the parental allowance providing they are entitled to get a maternity benefit. Experience has shown that it was a correct step. The parents who had been working before their child was born have a better position. The purpose of the thesis was fulfilled: the most important changes of the legal regulations of the parental allowance have been mapped and analyzed in details since the parental allowance was established in 1995. Then based on the analysis of documents, it was found out that the last amendment to Act No. 117/1995 Coll., on state social support effective as of 1st January 2008, had led to better directness of the allowances and to stagnation of the volume of financial resources used for payments.
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Child Sexual Abuse
DUDLÍČKOVÁ, Vendula
My thesis deals with the problems of sexual abuse of children. It is divided into nine chapters, each of which has a subhead. In the first part, I focused on the term of child sexual abuse. In the second part, I focused on the problem of sexual abuse of children by family members. In the third part, I explained the term of commercial sexual violence committed against children. In the fourth part, I focused on the victims of sexual abuse and in the following part, I focused on the perpetrators. In the sixth part, I described the consequences of the abuse and in the seventh part, I described the therapy. I put a stress on the eighth part which deals with the sexual abuse prevention. The thesis ends with the ninth chapter where I described the moral crimes.
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Cooperation parent, nurse, child in nursing process
PAPOUŠKOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis concentrates on the problems of the cooperation between nurses and parents being hospitalized together with their ill children in a hospital. The factors influencing the experience of the illness by the children as well as the aspects in connection with the hospitalization of the parents and their children are described. Furthermore, specificities of the nursing process at the children´s ward and the possibilities of the cooperation between nurses and parents in different areas of the childcare are discussed. Moreover, this work determines the quality of the cooperation between nurses and parents being hospitalized together with their ill children in a hospital. In addition, it discovers the drawbacks of this cooperation and compares the involvement of the parents into the nursing process from the nurses´ point of view and from the parents´ point of view.
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Comlex rehabilitative care for pre-school children passing curative stays
KREJČÍ, Andrea
Complex rehabilitative care for pre-school children undergoing c urative stays is the care of which the main task is to promote the health of a child as a whole or, if impaired, to bring it back to normal. A child sanatorium is a health care facility providing long-term preventive care for child patients through its complex therapeutic and rehabilitative methods during the child{\crq}s entire curative stay. It strives for reaching the optimum health condition of a child and for the elimination of possible fallouts. Curative stays are recommended by pediatricians. Generally, curative stays are designed for children between 3 and 15 years of age. They are covered by all health insurance companies. The aim of the thesis was to find out the current possibilities of the use of curative stay offers in the Czech Republic and how the offer of such stays is used, specifically in the mountainous climatic conditions. Also, the work aimed at the factors leading to the fact that some children use the curative stays repeatedly. In order to gather the necessary data to define the aim of the thesis, the method of questionnaire was used and the technique of written questionnaire was used to collect the data. The research used parents and other relatives of the pre-school children who at least once participated in the curative stay together with their child or children. The research was conducted at the Child Sanatorium of Javorník in Šumava during the months of January and February 2007. The hypothesis based on the presumption that the opportunity to use the offer of curative stays for pre-school children is influenced mostly by socio-economic factors was not confirmed. It has been detected that the physicians play an important role in this field. The second hypothesis concerning the repetitive use of the curative stays offer as not being directly linked to the curative effect of the previous stays was also not confirmed because the reasons leading the guardian escort to the decision to send the child or children for a repetitive curative stay are directly linked to the fact that the recently undergone stay has helped the health condition of their child or children.
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The life quality at family members of clients with drug addiction depending on their sex
ŠVANCAROVÁ, Alena
The National Strategy for Antidrug Policy for the period 2005 to 2009 is a key document nowadays. Situation in the field of drugs remains stable. Cannabis products and ecstasy are illegal substances used in most cases. Two basic appliances {--} questionnaires and interviews {--} were used in the research of this bachelor thesis. The investigated complex comprised 37 parents and 22 siblings. The sample was determined with random selection. The aim of the research was to define the period of the worst stress at family members of clients with drug addiction. Just the discovery of a family member{\crq}s drug addiction was indicated the worst stress period. Changed appearance, telling lies and change of friends were described as the main indication leading to the conclusion of a family member{\crq}s addiction. Depending on the discovery of problems with drugs the family contentment is changing considerably. It turned out that men solve their family situations connected with drug addiction of a member in a completely passive way. That is why there is a very bad cooperation with curative institutions. The research shows that respondents-siblings were informed on their sibling{\crq}s addiction much earlier than their parents.
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