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Role of nuclear lamins and Nup358 in BK polyomavirus infection
Išler, Lukáš ; Bruštíková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Němečková, Šárka (referee)
BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) has been causing serious health complication for several decades, especially in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this work was to investigate the progress of BKPyV replication during infection of human cells, as well as the influence of BKPyV infection on the nuclear lamina and nuclear pore proteins (NPC; Nuclear Pore Complex). During characterization and comparison of BKPyV infection in RPTEC/hTERT1 and MRC-5 cells we showed that BKPyV replicates better in RPTEC/hTERT1 cells as the productive infection results in six times higher viral titer. Using confocal microscopy we did not observe any nuclear lamina disruption nor VP1 accumulation under nuclear lamina that was previuosly observed in mouse polyomavirus infection. We verified previous observations of cytoplasmic deposits of NPC colocalizing with VP1 protein 24 hours post infection (hpi) with BKPyV and we showed that Nup358, protein of NPC, is a component of NPC deposits colocalizing with VP1. Neither transient expression from vectors encoding late region of BKPyV genome (pEF- BKV-late) or VP1 alone (pIaW), nor LT antigen expression analysis did not suggest any conection of observed phenomena to the productive infection. However, pseudoinfection of RPTEC/hTERT1 cells with VLPs derived from BKPyV induced VP1...
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Virus translocation from cytoplasm to the cell nucleus
Išler, Lukáš ; Forstová, Jitka (advisor) ; Přikryl, David (referee)
Replication cycles of most DNA and some RNA viruses require translocation of these viruses into the host cell nucleus. In this step viruses must cross the nuclear membrane. In the cell cycle interphase, it can be exceeded only by passing through nuclear pores. Individual virus families have developed different strategies to efficiently translocate through the nuclear pore. In this paper, summarizing the knowledge of viral penetration through the nuclear pore, it is shown that in addition to the interaction with transport receptors, viral particles interact directly with some proteins of the nuclear pore complex, called nucleoporins (NUPs). Especially, one group of nucleoporins, so-called FG NUPs, interacts with viral particles. Their sequence contains naturally disordered domains rich in phenylalanine-glycine (FG) repeats which create selective barrier of the nuclear pore complex. These are mainly nucleoporins NUP153, NUP214 and NUP358. Interaction of viral particles with these nucleoporins allow them to cross this barrier and deliver their viral genome to the host cell nucleus. It is therefore an essential step in the early phase of the viral infection cycle. Keywords: cell nucleus, nuclear transport, nuclear pore complex, nucleoporins, virus nuclear entry, NUP153, NUP214, NUP358
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