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Isolation and characterization of beta-glucans of natural origin
Ratsilouskaya, Lizaveta ; Hoová, Julie (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the characterization of natural beta-glucans and other active substances isolated from macroalgae and yeasts. The used macroalgae samples differ in the pigment, origin and method of algae processing. The theoretical part focuses on seaweed and yeast species, beta-glucans, their sources and biological effects, other biologically active substances (such as polyphenols and antioxidants) and finally on methods for determining these biologically active substances. In the practical part, samples of selected macroalgae were analyzed, namely samples of Arame, Nori, Kombu, Wakame, Hijiki and Spaghetti. Aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of these algae were prepared in this work. The aqueous extracts were used for spectrophotometric determination of phenolic substances, flavonoids and antioxidant activity by the ABTS method. Furthermore, ethanol and acetone extracts of said macroalgae were used to determine total chlorophyll and carotenoid content spectrophotometric. The work also focused on beta-glucan content, analyzing macroalgae and yeast R. toruloides. Arame and Nori algae and R. toruloides were high in beta-glucans. However, beta-glucans were very low in other macroalgae.
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Isolation and characterization of beta-glucans of natural origin
Ratsilouskaya, Lizaveta ; Hoová, Julie (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the characterization of natural beta-glucans and other active substances isolated from macroalgae and yeasts. The used macroalgae samples differ in the pigment, origin and method of algae processing. The theoretical part focuses on seaweed and yeast species, beta-glucans, their sources and biological effects, other biologically active substances (such as polyphenols and antioxidants) and finally on methods for determining these biologically active substances. In the practical part, samples of selected macroalgae were analyzed, namely samples of Arame, Nori, Kombu, Wakame, Hijiki and Spaghetti. Aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of these algae were prepared in this work. The aqueous extracts were used for spectrophotometric determination of phenolic substances, flavonoids and antioxidant activity by the ABTS method. Furthermore, ethanol and acetone extracts of said macroalgae were used to determine total chlorophyll and carotenoid content spectrophotometric. The work also focused on beta-glucan content, analyzing macroalgae and yeast R. toruloides. Arame and Nori algae and R. toruloides were high in beta-glucans. However, beta-glucans were very low in other macroalgae.
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Utilization of algae in the food industry
Patloková, Kateřina
The thesis Utilization of algae in the food industry is primarily focused on characteristics and systematic classification of all significant genera of Cyanobacteria, microalgae and macroalgae, which can be directly consumed in fresh forms or culinary processed to various dishes. In addition, algae are also an important source of many substances that are often used in the food industry. Therefore the second part of the literary review contains chapters about further use as extraction of hydrocolloids, nutraceuticals or natural colourants. In this thesis, I am also attempting to inform users of alternative ways of healthy and ecologically sustainable eating by presenting many records of the beneficial health effects of algae. All scientific names of plants used in the thesis are taken from the concept of taxa published by Ruggiero, et al. in 2015 and from world-wide electronic publication accessed through World Register of Marine Species (Guiry & Guiry, 2019). The thesis is the culmination of my studies in Norway in 2017, which greatly enriched my knowledge on the field of algae production.
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Využití řas v prevenci a terapii průjmových onemocnění selat
Makovičková, Adéla
This thesis is aimed to study the effect of product SeaGut, made from sea algae, on prevention and treatment of diarrhoea of suckling piglets. Here was created 8 groups of piglets (4 control groups and 4 experimental groups) within the experiment. In control group, there was used standard treatment of piglets after farrowing, with anticoccidic Cevazuril, active substance toltrazuril. Treatment of occuring diarrhoea was solved by antibiotics – Betamox. In experimental group, anticoccidics and antibiotics were replaced with SeaGut paste. At the same time, piglets of experimental group were fed by mineral feed containing bentonite and zeolithe. During the experiment, health condition was regurarly observed and recorded. Results between groups was statistically compared. Diarrhoea occured on 16th day at piglets within the experimental group, witch is earlier than at piglets withing the control group (20th day). But in the experimental group, there were less piglets with diarrhoea, as well as number of dirrhoea recurrence. Number of deaths of piglets in experimental group was as well low, but this parametr was not statistically significant (P > 0,05). Preventive and therapeutic usage of products containing algae led to significantly better results in treatment of diarrheal diseases of piglets (P < 0,05). The experiment demonstrated the suitability of using SeaGut in the prevention and treatment of diarrheal diseases of piglets as an alternative to the preventive use of anticoccidics and the therapeutic use of antibiotics.
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Využití pomocných přípravků na vybrané modelové kultuře zeleniny
Kořínek, Jaroslav
The presented thesis about using of auxiliary products for selected culture of vegetable is mainly engaged in evaluating the effectiveness of various products or their combination on yield. From morphological parameters were evaluated: the weight of the aboveground parts, tuber weight, weight of root, leaf area length, width of leaf area, height and diameter of the tuber. In terms of content substances was evaluated content of: dry matter, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, fiber, minerals (potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium), flavonoids and phenolic compounds, refractive solids content and the total antioxidant capacity. The thesis additionally evaluates the economic costs of auxiliary products for one treatment. The reader is thus presented a brief description of the efficiency of individual products and comparison of financial performance of individual measures.
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Vliv organické výživy s využitím mořských řas na výnos brambor
Florianová, Viola
Theoretical part of this bachelor thesis summarizes basic facts about breeding and fertilization of potato plant. In practical part there is evaluated effect of several fertilizers made of seaweed (AlgaSoil, Alga 300, SoftGuard, CaBoron, ProBoron, Rootmost) on yield of two varieties of potato with different length of growing season Arlet and Dicolora. Small-plot field trial was founded in April 2015 at experimental field station of Mendel University in Žabčice near Brno. Achieved results were affected by unfavorable weather, especially by drought at the beginning of tuberisation. There were not noticed any statistically significant influences of yield of any trial variant. There was small increase in yield (4 %) in case of Dicolora variety fertilized by AlgaSoil. So the achieved results have to be proved in coming years.
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Biofuel from aqueous weed
Vobecká, Kateřina ; Tesařová, Eva (advisor) ; Křížek, Tomáš (referee)
Presented bachelor thesis is focused on renewable energy sources - specifically biofuels made from algae. At the beginning there will be discussed the legislative measures related to biofuels within the European Union and Czech Republic. The other part will follow up algae and technologies of algae cultivation in raceway ponds and photobioreactors. The cultivation of algae is directly connected with production of biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel and other valuable products which are discussed in the last part of this thesis.
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Listová výživa ve vinohradu
Kreisinger, Kateřina
The thesis describes testing of powder water-soluble fertilizer produced by Fosfa, a.s. company on Chardonnay variety grown on the Most-Čepirohy vineyard. The fertilizer was prepared in three variants as a pure fertilizer containing makroelements N, P, K, Mg and S and microelements Fe, Cu, Zn, B and Mo. Extracts of seaweed were added to the second variant, the third one contained a surface-active agent, and the fourth one contained all the additives. In the spring before the fertilizer was applied, soil analysis was performed. Altogether the fertilizer was applied on the leaves five times. During the softening of berries, leaves were removed for an analysis. The analysis focused on the fertilizer efficiency and its ability to penetrate the leaves. In the stage of full grapes' maturity, uvological characteristics were evaluated. Samples for the juice analysis were removed from the harvested grapes. The following analytical values were determined: content of titrationable acids, sugar content, pH and assimilable nitrogen content. Individual variants were compared with a control variant without foliar application. The variant with the water-soluble fertilizer and the surface-active agent was determined as the best one, because it showed the best results from the perspective of leave analysis, increased sugar content, reduction of acid content and increased content of assimilable nitrogen. There were no differences observed in the plant health conditions nor uvological characteristics of individual variants. No influence of the seaweed extract on the grape quality was observed. Grape quality was significantly influenced by above-the-average rainfall during maturing and the grapes were infected by Botrytis cinerea.
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