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Dominant protein antigens of Toxocara canis
Skulinová, Kateřina ; Kašný, Martin (advisor) ; Panská, Lucie (referee) ; Vadlejch, Jaroslav (referee)
Larval toxocarosis is a worldwide widespread zoonosis occurring in developed countries as well as developing countries. The disease is caused by roundworms of the genus Toxocara, primarily intestinal parasites of dogs, cats and other animals. Viable eggs released into the environment with the dog's faeces can infect not only definitive hosts, but also paratenic hosts, which include many vertebrates, some invertebrates, and also humans. In humans, larval migration can cause severe and irreversible tissue damage, which is characterized by various clinical forms of the disease. For the purposes of routine diagnosis of larval toxocarosis, the most frequently used method so far is ELISA and Western blot, which enable the reaction demonstration of specific antibodies with the larval excretory-secretory product (TES). TES is obtained for diagnostic purposes from larvae cultured in nutrient medium. The preparation of such an antigenic mixture is very laborious and may vary across the laboratories. Current research in the field of diagnosis of larval toxocarosis is therefore focused on the standardization of serodiagnostic procedures. A fundamental prerequisite is knowledge of the detailed composition of TES, especially antigenic (protein) molecules. However, the number of studies devoted to the...
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Murine cerebral toxocariasis
Bernardová, Nicol ; Chanová, Marta (advisor) ; Panská, Lucie (referee)
Toxocara canis is endoparasitic geohelminth of canids. In its life cycle it uses paratenic host (even humans) and can cause severe problems called cerebral toxocariasis when attacks central nervous system. The exact mechanism of pathogenicity in nervous system is unknown and experimental studies examines rather the acute phase of toxocariasis, therefore we characterized the course of cerebral toxocarosis in mice from acute to chronic phase in this master thesis. We found larvae of the parasite in the brains of mice. The larvae in the tissues occurred both, individually and in clusters. The presence of larvae was observed in regions that affect both movement and memory. We did not find any visible injury nor inflammation surrounding the larvae in the tissue. However, histological examination showed brain tissue pathologies in all mice, namely local necrosis, hemorrhages, thickened vessel walls, cell infiltrates in tissue and around vessels and abnormal angiogenesis. The mice showed neurological symptoms with increasing frequency from the 9th week post infection. Production of specific antibodies was also monitored. The level of antibodies in reinfected mice was higher compared to antibody levels of mice with a single infection. No correlation with the presence of neurological symptoms was shown. Key...
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Larval toxocarosis and CNS
Bernardová, Nicol ; Chanová, Marta (advisor) ; Bulantová, Jana (referee)
Toxocara spp. is an obligate endoparasitic worm of digestive system of canine and feline. During its life cycle the larvae of this parasite can get even into humans and encapsulate in their tissues. If the presence of toxocara larvae in body causes clinical manifestation, then we talk about larval toxocarosis. We can divide it into several forms and this bachelor's thesis is focused on neurotoxocarosis which is caused by toxocara larvae in the nervous system. This thesis summarises basic information about toxocara, its life cycle and hosts and also about its extension in the world (epidemiology), diagnosis, model animals and finally focusing on clinical manifestation of neurotoxocarosis. Key words: larval toxocarosis, neurotoxocarosis, Toxocara canis, migration, paratenic host, definitive host
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Murine cerebral toxocariasis
Bernardová, Nicol ; Chanová, Marta (advisor) ; Panská, Lucie (referee)
Toxocara canis is endoparasitic geohelminth of canids. In its life cycle it uses paratenic host (even humans) and can cause severe problems called cerebral toxocariasis when attacks central nervous system. The exact mechanism of pathogenicity in nervous system is unknown and experimental studies examines rather the acute phase of toxocariasis, therefore we characterized the course of cerebral toxocarosis in mice from acute to chronic phase in this master thesis. We found larvae of the parasite in the brains of mice. The larvae in the tissues occurred both, individually and in clusters. The presence of larvae was observed in regions that affect both movement and memory. We did not find any visible injury nor inflammation surrounding the larvae in the tissue. However, histological examination showed brain tissue pathologies in all mice, namely local necrosis, hemorrhages, thickened vessel walls, cell infiltrates in tissue and around vessels and abnormal angiogenesis. The mice showed neurological symptoms with increasing frequency from the 9th week post infection. Production of specific antibodies was also monitored. The level of antibodies in reinfected mice was higher compared to antibody levels of mice with a single infection. No correlation with the presence of neurological symptoms was shown. Key...
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Larval toxocarosis and CNS
Bernardová, Nicol ; Chanová, Marta (advisor) ; Bulantová, Jana (referee)
Toxocara spp. is an obligate endoparasitic worm of digestive system of canine and feline. During its life cycle the larvae of this parasite can get even into humans and encapsulate in their tissues. If the presence of toxocara larvae in body causes clinical manifestation, then we talk about larval toxocarosis. We can divide it into several forms and this bachelor's thesis is focused on neurotoxocarosis which is caused by toxocara larvae in the nervous system. This thesis summarises basic information about toxocara, its life cycle and hosts and also about its extension in the world (epidemiology), diagnosis, model animals and finally focusing on clinical manifestation of neurotoxocarosis. Key words: larval toxocarosis, neurotoxocarosis, Toxocara canis, migration, paratenic host, definitive host
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