|
|
Determination of chlorophyll content in selected grass communities of Krkonoše tundra based on field spectroscopy and aerial hyperspectral data
Pinlová, Gabriela ; Červená, Lucie (advisor) ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (referee)
The thesis focuses on the determination of chlorophyll content from hyperspectral data in grass communities in the arctic-alpine tundra in the Krkonoše Mountains, namely Nardus stricta, Molinia caerulea, Calamagrostis villosa, and Deschampsia cespitosa. Leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) was measured using two methods - spectrophotometric destructive determination in the laboratory, and the LCC assessed non-destructively by fluorescence portable chlorophyll meter CCM-300. Leaf area index (LAI) values for canopy chlorophyll content (CCC) retrieval were also acquired by destructive biomass sampling and indirectly using LAI-2200C. Relationships were established between the LCCs, LAI, CCCs, and vegetation indices (VI) calculated from respective spectra, i.e. leaf level spectra acquired with contact probe coupled with an ASD FieldSpec4 Wide-Res spectroradiometer, canopy level spectra measured by the spectroradiometer and extracted from hyperspectral images (HSI) acquired by Headwall Nano- Hyperspec® mounted on the DJI Matrice 600 Pro drone. Chlorophyll content maps were created based on the results of multiple stepwise linear regression applied to HSI. For the model, derived from the non-destructive data sampling and used for the LCC map, a RMSE of 66.55 mg/m2 was achieved. Keywords: leaf chlorophyll...
|
|
|
Past dynamic of alpine treeline ecotone in the eastern part of the Krkonoše Mts.
Jungrová, Alena ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
4 Abstract The purpose of the diploma thesis is the analysis of changes in the alpine treeline ecotone with focus on the age structure and cover of the Norway spruce (Picea Abies) in the Giant Mountains in the 20th century. The altitudinal position and the tree density of the alpine treeline ecotone is a sensitive indicator which reflects the human impact as well as the climatic and air pollution changes. Methodical approach included the measuring of the age structure of the Norway spruce by using dendrochronology. In addition the changes of the spruce cover were evaluated from a series of aerial photographs dated 1936, (1953) 1964, 1985 and 2002. Those photographs were orthorectified and classified. The age distribution in the majority of the sample locations is irregular with some prominent peaks that are corresponding to the periods of good conditions and dips pointing out to the periods of disturbances. There is an evident peak during the 30s and 40s which is the same period of the increase of average temperatures of the growing season. On the contrary, depression during the 70s and 80s is detected only in the case of closed-canopy forest. The increasing number of trees during the 90s is related to the decreasing air pollution and to the higher average temperature. Relatively young age structure of the...
|
|
|
Historical acid deposition as a predictor of current growth trends in montane forests in the Krkonoše Mts.
Procházková, Kateřina ; Tumajer, Jan (advisor) ; Vejpustková, Monika (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests and their sensitivity to acid deposition, which culminated in Czechia during the 1980s. Acid deposition negativelly affects tree growth resulting in high mortality and poor health status of the entire forest stands. Mountain forests provide numerous important ecological services, which increses the need for understanding of the processes affecting their growth. The thesis examines the interaction between acid damage in the past and current growth trends and the resistance of mountain forests to current climate extremes (mainly to the effects of drought). The empirical part of the research is based on data on trends in tree-rings widths over the last two decades together with historical data of defoliation monitoring. Tree-ring width data were sampled using dendrochronological methods in the field. For this research, I selected plots along two altitudinal transects in the Krkonoše Mts. - Pec pod Sněžkou and Špindlerův Mlýn. Defoliation data were extracted from the long-term MONBASE database from the Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research (IFER). The statistical method of correlation analysis was used in order to determine the relationship between acid deposition and current tree growth. The most important correlated...
|
|
| |
|
|
Snow avalanche modelling
Racek, Ondřej ; Blahůt, Jan (advisor) ; Uxa, Tomáš (referee)
Modelling of dynamic processes in physical geography is really quickly developing discipline. This trend is noticeable in case of snow avalanche modelling too. Following bachelor thesis is mapping snow avalanche modells and describes theirs basic principes. In the aplication part is thesis focused on use RAMMS numerical avalanche model. Experimentally verifies suitabiliti of friction coeficients for use in condicions prevailing in the Giant Mountains (Krkonoše). Friction coeficients was experimentaly stated in the Swiss Alps and tabooed in user manual. Results of RAMMS avalanche model are based on a combinaton of 36 values of friction coeficients. These results of numerical models are compared with real avalanche from 10. 2. 2015. Between real avalanche and modeled avalanche is compared run- out and area of acumulation. Friction coeficients asumed in Swiss Alps can be used for modelling avalanches in Giant Mountains. For correct dessignation of friction parameters is appropriately use run out. Results of modells strongly overvalue area of acumulation. Abstrakt Modelování fyzickogeografických procesů je dynamicky rozvíjející se obor, tudíž stejný trend sledujeme v případě modelování sněhových lavin. Tato bakalářská práce modely sněhových lavin mapuje a popisuje jejich základní principy. V aplikační...
|
|
|
Past dynamic of alpine treeline ecotone in the eastern part of the Krkonoše Mts.
Jungrová, Alena ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
4 Abstract The purpose of the diploma thesis is the analysis of changes in the alpine treeline ecotone with focus on the age structure and cover of the Norway spruce (Picea Abies) in the Giant Mountains in the 20th century. The altitudinal position and the tree density of the alpine treeline ecotone is a sensitive indicator which reflects the human impact as well as the climatic and air pollution changes. Methodical approach included the measuring of the age structure of the Norway spruce by using dendrochronology. In addition the changes of the spruce cover were evaluated from a series of aerial photographs dated 1936, (1953) 1964, 1985 and 2002. Those photographs were orthorectified and classified. The age distribution in the majority of the sample locations is irregular with some prominent peaks that are corresponding to the periods of good conditions and dips pointing out to the periods of disturbances. There is an evident peak during the 30s and 40s which is the same period of the increase of average temperatures of the growing season. On the contrary, depression during the 70s and 80s is detected only in the case of closed-canopy forest. The increasing number of trees during the 90s is related to the decreasing air pollution and to the higher average temperature. Relatively young age structure of the...
|
guest ::
