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The analysis of autotransfusions carried out in the FN Motol
Šámalová, Martina ; Linhartová, Eva (advisor) ; Závadová, Žaneta (referee)
The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis includes information connected with the autologous taking, the production of the autologous transfusion preparations and the protection of quality of the autotransfusion, also basic information about blood groups, which are the integral part of the transfusion medicine. The practical part is divided into three main parts. The first part deals in more detail with the issue of blood taking for autotransfusion and with the examination connected to autologous blood. The second part contains the statistical figures about the autotransfusions carried out in the Blood Bank Department of FN Motol. It examines the quantity of taken and expired transfusion preparations of patients indicated for the autologous blood taking from the orthopaedics department in total knee and hip joint endoprosthesis and from the urology department of pacients before prostate operations and transformation of gender from male to female. The third part consists of the quality control and the protection of quality of the autologous transfusion preparations. The practical part is based on statistical materials provided by the Blood Bank Department of FN Motol of the year 2011.
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ABO incompatibility in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
PECHMANOVÁ, Alena
ABO incompatibility between the recipient and the donor is not a barrier for successful haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Even though it is the HLA compatibility that has a major impact on engraftment, ABO incompatibility may cause a number of complications, e.g. both immediate and delayed haemolytic reaction, pure red cell aplasia and a higher level of GvHD. In my Bachelor's thesis, I investigated the influence of ABO incompatibility and the level of the initial titer of isoagglutinins on the red blood cell engraftment time, on the time of the complete transition to the donor erythropoiesis and on the number of transfused red blood cell products. I followed 104 patients who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. I divided the patients into four groups according to the ABO mismatch type (major, minor, bidirectional) or ABO match with the donor. In patients after transplantation, the blood group was repeatedly examined using the micro-column gel technique, which enables us to distinguish the dual population of donor and recipient derived erythrocytes, if they differ in the ABO or RhD antigens. The analysis revealed a statistically significant delayed red blood cell engraftment in patients with major mismatch caused by the destruction of newly forming precursors of the erythrocytes of the donor by anti-A, anti-B antibodies in the blood of the recipient. Neither prolongation of the time to complete transition to the erythropoiesis of the donor nor increased requirement of red blood cell products in this period of time were statistically significant in the case of major mismatch. There was no impact of the level of the initial titer of isoagglutinins on the monitored parameters in the examined patients. Foreign medical literature provides new findings based on which, after a consultation with physicians at the Transfusion Department, we agreed to change the ABO group of plasma products transfused to patients with minor and bidirectional mismatch after the transition to the erythropoiesis of the donor.
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Field detection of blood groups in haematological laboratory
ONDRUŠKOVÁ, Eva
This thesis "Field detection of blood groups in haematological laboratory`` deals with questions concerning blood groups. In the theoretical part I deal with historical aspects, the role of antigens and antitoxins, the importance of the AB0 system, the Rh factor and with other blood group systems. A part of my bachelor thesis is a description of the importance of blood group qualities in transfusion medicine and in immunogenetics too. The latter deals with the danger of post-transfusions and hemolytic disorders of new born babies. At the end of the theoretical part I mention detection methods which can be used to verify the blood group of the examined patient. In the practical part of this thesis I examined 75 blood samples from different patients by means of three different detection methods. These samples were delivered in the laboratory Laboma s.r.o. in České Budějovice. The aim was to detect the blood groups and compare these methods to each other in respect of their time consumption, financial means, work demand and reliability. After all results have been compared, it is obvious that all methods are useful for a correct detection of blood groups and can be applied in each laboratory. Therefore, this result has confirmed my hypothesis. Nevertheless, during my examination work new hypothesis have arisen because I had decided to compare the occurence of blood groups with men and women who descend from the region of southern Bohemia. This thesis could be useful as a study aid for students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies and as a comprehensive study material for experts.
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