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On the Road to Racial Segregation: The Union of South Africa during the Interwar Period
Bulvasová, Alena ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
This Master's thesis emphasizes on the analysis of three key factors, that affected the development of the Union of South Africa during the interwar era - the struggle for equality of Afrikaners with Britons, pre-apartheid legislation and a political rivalry of Boer Generals Jan Smuts and James Hertzog. This thesis aims on answering the question, whether the interwar policy of the Union was more affected by the matter of race segregation or by attempts to secure adequate political equality of the Afrikaners. The thesis is dividend to three main chapters, in which the author analyzes all the phenomenon. The nature of so called Afrikanerdom and the interwar political situation are being described, as well as the development of the non-white community in the Union and its attempts of political emancipation. Racial legislation is also explained closely. This thesis focuses on proper explanation of serious social problem of the selected era - the problem of poor whites and describes the way, the South African government tried to deal with it. Key Words Union of South Africa, Jan C. Smuts, James B. M. Hertzog, Afrikanerdom, Interwar Policy
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From the Fight against Nazism towards the Victory of Apartheid. A Contribution the Development of the Union of South Africa in the Years 1939-1948
Touška, Mikuláš ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the development of the political environment and society in the Union of South Africa between 1939 and 1948. This period is characterized not only by close cooperation with Great Britain during World War II, the temporary suppression of nationalist opposition and the dominance of the United Party led by Jan Smuts in the South African political scene, but also social tensions and escalating conflict between the mainly Afrikaner "white" populations in the Union and non- European ethnic groups. Regardless of the fact that the Union was in World War II on the side of the victors and the sacrifice that had to bring in comparison with many other belligerent countries was relatively small, Smuts and his United Party suffered a fatal defeat in the first post-war elections in 1948. These elections not only meant the actual end of Smuts' political career and departure of United Party to permanent opposition, but also the beginning of the rule of Afrikaner nationalists for more than forty years. This paper aims to analyse the changes in society and the political climate in the Union during World War II and in the first three years after the war and the reasons that led to long-term dominance of nationalists in South Africa. Key Words Union of South Africa, Second World War, Union...
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The Policy of Apartheid in SAU (SAR) after the Second World War and Its Reflection in the Foreign Countries on the Example of Sharpeville in 1960
Bažantová, Eliška ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with the policy of apartheid in the SAU and later in the SAR and its reflexion in the foreign countries. Massacre in Sharpeville, which took place on March 21, 1960 close to Johannesburg had an important impact on the approach to the policy of racial segregation. South African police opened fire on the crowd of protesters against pass law, 69 people were killed and many others wounded. Sharpeville became a symbol of the policy of racial segregation and oppression of the non - white population of South Africa and it gained worldwide response. Thesis is focused on the impact of this event on the short - term domestic crisis. The main part deals with the influence in international relations. It analyzes the impact of worldwide critique of apartheid on the relation with Commonwealth, United Nations Organization, Organization of the African Unity and USA. Key words Apartheid, South African Union, South African Republic, Sharpeville
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