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The indirect expropriation of foreign investors
Poništiak, Ondrej ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
331 The indirect expropriation of foreign investors Abstract International trade has been booming among various types of states for several millennia. The development of international trade is influenced not only by these types of states, but also by the significant contribution of foreigners and the various entities they establish. The vision of expansion and opportunities related to new markets encourages them to abandon the explored and well-known domestic waters and plunge into foreign investment activities. The investment in the jurisdiction of a foreign host country entails several additional risks for the foreign investor in addition to the expected investment potential. These risks are related to different political, economic, legal, cultural and overall social backgrounds. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the 21st century, foreign investment is reaching staggering parameters. On a global level the total foreign direct investments amounted to USD 1.43 trillion in 2017. Of course, such an important social area is subject to regulation. Since about the middle of the 20th century, said regulation has included the standard of protection of foreign investors against indirect expropriation, which is the subject of the submitted thesis. This kind of expropriation is currently one of the most fundamental...
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The indirect expropriation of foreign investors
Poništiak, Ondrej ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
331 The indirect expropriation of foreign investors Abstract International trade has been booming among various types of states for several millennia. The development of international trade is influenced not only by these types of states, but also by the significant contribution of foreigners and the various entities they establish. The vision of expansion and opportunities related to new markets encourages them to abandon the explored and well-known domestic waters and plunge into foreign investment activities. The investment in the jurisdiction of a foreign host country entails several additional risks for the foreign investor in addition to the expected investment potential. These risks are related to different political, economic, legal, cultural and overall social backgrounds. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the 21st century, foreign investment is reaching staggering parameters. On a global level the total foreign direct investments amounted to USD 1.43 trillion in 2017. Of course, such an important social area is subject to regulation. Since about the middle of the 20th century, said regulation has included the standard of protection of foreign investors against indirect expropriation, which is the subject of the submitted thesis. This kind of expropriation is currently one of the most fundamental...
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General exceptions and police powers doctrine in indirect expropriation
Bělova, Alžběta ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šturma, Pavel (referee)
1 ABSTRACT International investment dispute resolution is undoubtedly a place where many public and private interests come together, and it is not always easy to find equilibrium thereamong. Finding this balance is often a very complex discipline, as was confirmed by many investment tribunals in their decision-making practice. One of the most discussed problems in today's investment disputes is the issue of indirect expropriation and the related possibility of the state to adopt various regulatory measures and laws. It is often the case that, as a result of such measures, the proprietary rights of an investor are infringed and, as a consequence, they may bring a claim before an international investment tribunal against the respective state on the grounds of indirect expropriation. It is precisely because of this possible course of events that states have gradually become more cautious in adopting various legal measures, although some of them might be needed for the sake of environmental protection or the health of the population. This unwanted condition has come to be called "regulatory chill". In response to these developments in international investment law, states have gradually started to include certain provisions in their international investment agreements, which aspire to restore and secure the...
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The indirect expropriation of foreign investors
Poništiak, Ondrej ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee) ; Chovancová, Katarína (referee)
331 The indirect expropriation of foreign investors Abstract International trade has been booming among various types of states for several millennia. The development of international trade is influenced not only by these types of states, but also by the significant contribution of foreigners and the various entities they establish. The vision of expansion and opportunities related to new markets encourages them to abandon the explored and well-known domestic waters and plunge into foreign investment activities. The investment in the jurisdiction of a foreign host country entails several additional risks for the foreign investor in addition to the expected investment potential. These risks are related to different political, economic, legal, cultural and overall social backgrounds. Nevertheless, at the beginning of the 21st century, foreign investment is reaching staggering parameters. On a global level the total foreign direct investments amounted to USD 1.43 trillion in 2017. Of course, such an important social area is subject to regulation. Since about the middle of the 20th century, said regulation has included the standard of protection of foreign investors against indirect expropriation, which is the subject of the submitted thesis. This kind of expropriation is currently one of the most fundamental...
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Expropriating intervention of the state in the rights of a foreign investor
Kohan, Juraj ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Trapl, Vojtěch (referee)
EXPROPRIATING INTERVENTION OF THE STATE IN THE RIGHTS OF A FOREIGN INVESTOR (TAKING OF THE FOREIGN INVESTOR'S PROPERTY) The aim of the thesis is to provide a commentary on the topic of taking of foreign investor's property in such a manner, that a person, with only a fair knowledge of the term "expropriation" and no knowledge of the international investment law, would by reading the paper alone acquire a broad insight into this branch of international law and into its specific concept of taking. For this reason, there is a great attention paid to the evolution of the term in the different sources of international investment law rules, as well as to the theoretical aspects of property in the international law. The focus of the thesis is on the indirect expropriation, which is understood therein as one of the categories of the wider term: "taking". In order to explain the intricacies of the notion of indirect expropriation the author is using the terminology of criminal law. The inspiration for that was one of the articles cited in the text. The study shows that judicial decisions, although being only a subsidiary source of legal rules, are in fact principal means of determination of rules of law in this area. International agreements are slow to react to the needs of the changing relationships of...
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Intervention of the state in the property rights of foreign investors
Poništiak, Ondrej ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šturma, Pavel (referee)
VI Abstract International investment activity plays in the capitalistic globalized world, which is aimed at sustainable economic growth, an important role. Effort of the states to ensure the most favourable investment conditions for foreign investors strikes in some spheres on legitimate regulatory state measures, which are adopted with reference to the international law principle of state sovereignty. Expropriation or nationalisation together with the seizure represented in the past the most compelling taking of foreign investor property rights and their identification didn't make pronounced troubles. It's clear that confiscatory or nationalizing states measure doesn't increase its investment attractivity and so states are nowadays in the sphere of takings into foreign investor property interests much more careful and more inventive. The task of submitted work is among other things to characterize these takings referred to by notion indirect expropriation and to differentiate them from legitimate state measures regarding the general social aims and social interests, which don't require any compensation in contrast to indirect expropriation. By reason that the right to expropriate is seen to be part of customary international law, there was especially a developed states effort to regulate the conditions of...
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