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Non-classical MHC class II positive cell types, function and immunological context
Tušková, Liliana ; Černý, Jan (advisor) ; Brdička, Tomáš (referee)
Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) is a group of glycoproteins responsible for the presentation of exogenous antigens to T-lymphocytes. Besides the "classical" antigen presenting cells (APCs), numerous cell types were proven to be able to express MHC-II molecules either constitutively or under specific conditions. Often, the stimulus for MHC-II expression is interferon g, a pro- inflammatory cytokine typically activating promoter IV of the Class II Transactivator. Many of the non- classical MHC-II-expressing cells can serve as APCs, activating or attenuating T-cell proliferation depending on the expression of costimulatory molecules. Additional research identified some unusual functions of MHC-II molecules on non-classical cell types, including a role in prenatal development or mating. Modulation of the MHC-II expression could potentially serve many promising therapeutic purposes and new research can lead to deeper understanding of the topic. Keywords: MHC-II, ILC, basophils, TEC, antigen presentation, CIITA, IFN-gamma
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