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Approach to the nuclaer safety of the 3rd generation nuclear reactors
Pavlíček, Michal ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
The main target of the master´s thesis is reviewing the generation III nuclear reactors in term of the nuclear safety. At first we have to learn some theory of the nuclear safety in order to understand safety systems of the generation III nuclear reactors. Therefore the thesis is divided into two parts. Legislative and technical approaches to nuclear safety are mentioned in the first part. Regulatory bodies, whose task is to supervise nuclear safety in the nuclear power plants, belongs to the legislative approaches. There are defined terms such as defence in depth, redundancy, diversity, etc. There are mentioned methods to assessing nuclear safety – deterministic and probabilistic methods, especially probabilistic methods, for which a simple example is provided. There are also mentioned active and passive safety systems and their significance for nuclear safety and inherent safety too. There is an example of the function of the active and passive safety systems of the EDU nuclear power plant in conclusion of this issue. The second part deals with description of the selected nuclear reactors in context of the construction of the new units of nuclear power plant in Temelín. The nuclear reactors from companies, which applied for the public tender opened by ČEZ, a. s., for the construction of the ETE 3+4. Thus, the nuclear reactor MIR-1200 by ATOMSTROYEXPORT (Russian Federation), the nuclear reactor AP1000 by WESTINGHOUSE (USA) and the nuclear reactor EPR by AREVA (France) are taken into account . Comparison of the generation II and these generation III+ nuclear reactors necessarily belongs to this master´s thesis. These the generation III+ nuclear reactors are compared with the nuclear reactor VVER 440 (EDU) and in particular with the nuclear reactor VVER 1000, which is operated in the nuclear power plant Temelín. The final chapter contains generally appraisal of the whole problem.
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The Argentine-Brazilian bilateral nuclear verification protocol in the light of trust-building cooperation theory
Argüello, Facundo ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
The Argentine-Brazilian bilateral nuclear verification protocol in the light of trust-building cooperation theory Argüello, 2023 Abstract This work aims to identify the reasons for ABACC's continued success in securing a strong reception by Argentina, Brazil, and the NSG, and well as predict the impact of Brazil signing the IAEAAdditional Protocol in its search for a nuclear submarine as part of the PROSUB. The thesis analyzes ABACC from a neo-institutionalist theoretical framework of Regime Theory, cooperation patterns, Rational Design, and studies on International Organization centralization, independence, and enforcement problems. The work concludes that ABACC is successful because, firstly, its credibility and reputation are convenient for both state members, which share similar gains of prestige from the institution's success. This is because the agency has encompassed the interests of both. Secondly, ABACC is the work of a careful institutional design that rests on centralization, independence, high-quality of information, and strictly enforced bilateral symmetry between Argentina and Brazil. Regarding the impact of Brazil's nuclear submarine project, it can be said that it threatens ABACC's success because it changes the interests of Brazil, which are no longer encompassed by the Agency. This means...
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Changes of international organizations: the IAEA experience in Iraq and Iran
Kosub, Tomáš ; Bříza, Vlastislav (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This paper discusses the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and its experience from Iraq and Iran. The paper provides the reader with principal theoretical understanding of international organizations, understanding of the process of change in the IO's and then, using two separate case studies, explains problems of the IAEA during the Iraq nuclear crisis and later, during the Iran nuclear crisis. The paper afterwards discusses the changes inside the IAEA which were considered necessary after that experience. An important part of this paper is also a comparison of the new state with the previous extension of the authority of the IAEA, and how these changes improved the execution of that authority, as specified in the IAEA Status. In the end, the paper categorizes these changes into the theoretical understanding of change in the International Organizations, namely changes after the Iraq and Iran experience. The main part is, therefore, a description of the evolution of these countries' nuclear programme, and a description of the IAEA processes, tools and authority needed during the execution of these rights.
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Changes of international organizations: the IAEA experience in Iraq and Iran
Kosub, Tomáš ; Bříza, Vlastislav (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This paper discusses the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and its experience from Iraq and Iran. The paper provides the reader with principal theoretical understanding of international organizations, understanding of the process of change in the IO's and then, using two separate case studies, explains problems of the IAEA during the Iraq nuclear crisis and later, during the Iran nuclear crisis. The paper afterwards discusses the changes inside the IAEA which were considered necessary after that experience. An important part of this paper is also a comparison of the new state with the previous extension of the authority of the IAEA, and how these changes improved the execution of that authority, as specified in the IAEA Status. In the end, the paper categorizes these changes into the theoretical understanding of change in the International Organizations, namely changes after the Iraq and Iran experience. The main part is, therefore, a description of the evolution of these countries' nuclear programme, and a description of the IAEA processes, tools and authority needed during the execution of these rights.
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Role of commercial insurance in solving consequences of nuclear risks
Zindulka, Martin ; Ducháčková, Eva (advisor) ; Hoffman, Andrej (referee)
This thesis aims on solving consequences of nuclear accidents in nucler power plants through commercial insurance. First part of this work introduces internationl liability framework for nuclear accidents, which contains international nuclear threaties and work of International Atomic Energy Agency, altogether with work of czech Agency for nuclear security. Next chapters describe nuclear insurance pools, with special focus on american pool American Nuclear Insurers and Czech nuclear insurance pool. Final part of this thesis goes through two big nuclear accidents in Three Mile Island power plant and in Fukushima power plant. Both accidents are described in wide perspective, including solving and financing of consequences from nuclear insurance and from other financial sources available at the time of disaster.
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Approach to the nuclaer safety of the 3rd generation nuclear reactors
Pavlíček, Michal ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kolář, Jaroslav (referee) ; Matal, Oldřich (advisor)
The main target of the master´s thesis is reviewing the generation III nuclear reactors in term of the nuclear safety. At first we have to learn some theory of the nuclear safety in order to understand safety systems of the generation III nuclear reactors. Therefore the thesis is divided into two parts. Legislative and technical approaches to nuclear safety are mentioned in the first part. Regulatory bodies, whose task is to supervise nuclear safety in the nuclear power plants, belongs to the legislative approaches. There are defined terms such as defence in depth, redundancy, diversity, etc. There are mentioned methods to assessing nuclear safety – deterministic and probabilistic methods, especially probabilistic methods, for which a simple example is provided. There are also mentioned active and passive safety systems and their significance for nuclear safety and inherent safety too. There is an example of the function of the active and passive safety systems of the EDU nuclear power plant in conclusion of this issue. The second part deals with description of the selected nuclear reactors in context of the construction of the new units of nuclear power plant in Temelín. The nuclear reactors from companies, which applied for the public tender opened by ČEZ, a. s., for the construction of the ETE 3+4. Thus, the nuclear reactor MIR-1200 by ATOMSTROYEXPORT (Russian Federation), the nuclear reactor AP1000 by WESTINGHOUSE (USA) and the nuclear reactor EPR by AREVA (France) are taken into account . Comparison of the generation II and these generation III+ nuclear reactors necessarily belongs to this master´s thesis. These the generation III+ nuclear reactors are compared with the nuclear reactor VVER 440 (EDU) and in particular with the nuclear reactor VVER 1000, which is operated in the nuclear power plant Temelín. The final chapter contains generally appraisal of the whole problem.
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International trade of uranium and its impact on world politics
Štětkář, Matěj ; Černá, Iveta (advisor) ; Bolotov, Ilya (referee)
I have written my bachelors thesis on International trade of uranium and its impact on world politics. The main goal is to analyze the evolution of international trade of uranium together with its impact on world events. Statistical and non-statistical data I have mainly taken from the official website of World Nuclear Organization and from statistical outlines made by OECD and IAEA. Based on the research, I have analyzed the Supply and Demand on the international market of uranium together with stating the main areas of extraction. Uranium is due to its importance in the energy and military industry very important strategic raw material that had great significance in the field of international relations in the past. The international trade of uranium is naturally connected with regulatory restrictions that are enforced by international nuclear organizations. The view of this work is the analysis of the impact of uranium on the world events in the last 50 years together with the prediction of the evolution of the international trade of uranium into the future. Although uranium is becoming more and more important source of energy in the future, it is still a subject of many controversial discussions.
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