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Ekonomie rodiny: Vliv znečištěného ovzduší na pohlaví dětí
Pažitka, Marek ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Nikolovová, Pavla (referee)
The Trivers-Willard hypothesis (TWH) states that parents in good conditions will bias the sex ratio toward sons and parents in poor conditions will bias the sex ratio toward daughters. The present study contributes to literature in several ways: a large, general, country population data set (N= 1 401 851) from modern contemporary society; first study in the Czech Republic; an inclusion of air pollution into the TWH estimation; and a more detailed focus on stillbirths. With the natality microdata from the Czech Statistical Office and data concerning the level of air pollution in the Czech Republic from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, I analyze if the biological and socio-economics status of mothers and the characteristics of our surroundings (air pollution) affect the sex of children. The results are insignificant or not robust across specifications. I identified three hypotheses which are most likely the reason for the insignificant results: a non-inclusion of the biological and socio-economical status of a father, insufficient diversity or evolutionarily novel environment in the Czech Republic. As a conclusion, the presented evidence suggests that stillbirths are random in the Czech Republic and that the sex ratio is not affected by the socio-economics status of mothers or the characteristics of our surroundings (pollution).
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Evaluation of public feeding practice in selected population groups
MACH, Karel
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the level of feeding habits of a selected human population segment in order to assess their understanding of issues related to nutrition and to basic components in their diet. For this purpose, a measuring instrument (a questionnaire) was designed. The first part contained questions related to respondent´s eating habits preferences, while the second part of questionnaire included questions examining the level of respondent?s nutritional awareness. In total 389 questionnaires were personally administered and completed by the respondents, under supervision of teachers. On the basis of the recorded answers it was found that, when purchasing food, the interviewed persons are governed mostly by the quality of it (37%). It was also discovered that, 40% of people preferred local foods to foods from abroad. Only 13% of respondents indicated their ?always or almost always? preference for ?bio foods?. It may also be said that, the three most popular dairy products are yoghurts (80%), milk (72%) and cheeses (72%), as opposed to fermented drinks (43%), which are the least consumed dairy products. Among the most popular meats the respondents included these three categories: chicken (83%), pork (73%) and beef (47%). The least favourite meat selected by respondents was mutton and lamb (35%). It was found that, 27% of the respondents follow information presented on food packaging but also that, 16% of the respondents do not follow packaging data, at all. According to the recorded frequency of occurrence the sum of correct answers can be said that most students answer 4 questions correctly. The recorded answer frequency counts show that most respondents answered correctly the following question: "What is bio food?" (94% of respondents). The worst answered individual question had to do with choosing foods with the highest ?Vitamin C? content, with only 7% being correct. On the basis of recorded answers it may be concluded that; the food consumption was influenced by the type of school which the respondents attended; as it appears related to the respondents´ age and their individual ability to decide on their food money spending. The questions that examined the level of information have shown that, the overall percentage of correct answers was increasing depending on the age of a respondent. The total percentage of correct answers kept increasing in relation to increasing age of respondents. No influence of gender on percentage totals of correct responses was demonstrated.
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Human Population and socioeconomic development of Central Bohemia Region and programme SROP
Fencl, Daniel ; Wokoun, René (advisor) ; Krejčová, Nikola (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to describe socioeconomic development of Central - Bohemian region and one of the Operational program, which is the Joint Regional Operational Programme (JROP). It contains the comparison of the chosen demographic and socioeconomic indicators during the period 2000-2009 and the benefits of JROP in the Central - Bohemian region. The dissertation is divided into two main parts. In the first one is presented Central - Bohemia region, and the description of the covered indicators, e.g. the structure of the inhabitants in detail of sex and age, natality, structure of abortions, marriages, divorces, migration, and the measurement of these indicators. Further, the basic socioeconomic parameters as the labor market and the associated unemployment, trend of the GDP, transport infrastructure, and opportunities in tourism are described, followed by description of particular Priorities of the operational program. In the analytical part, the comparison and evaluation of the covered indicators in detail of districts in Central Bohemia Region and successfulness of JROP priority axis covering all the Central Bohemian Region is included. Successful projects, amount of paid financial sources to final beneficiaries in detail of particular regions according to priorities.
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