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Development of the Presidential Office in the Czech Republic
Šváblová, Sára ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the development of the presidential office from 1918, when the Czechoslovak Republic was founded, to 2018. In particular, it focuses on presidential powers. The purpose of the first part is to describe and trace, on the basis of constitutional texts, the changes in the individual competences of the head of state, as well as changes in his or her electability and accountability, and to place them in the context of constitutional development in the Czech lands. The aim is to present information about the presidential office in a clear and comprehensible way. The second part of the thesis focuses on a comparative analysis of specific powers. The thesis focuses on four presidential powers: the right to reverse a law or the right of veto, amnesty and pardon, and the appointment and dismissal of the government. The comparative analysis is conducted from the perspective of the constitutions and focuses on the distinctive elements of these powers. The aim is to assess, on the basis of the elements being compared, under which constitution the presidency was strongest in that particular power.
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International Criminal Court and immunity of the head of state
Sádlová, Martina ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT AND THE HEAD OF THE STATE IMMUNITY The thesis deals with the institute of immunities of the head of the state recognized under the international law and with its applicability before the International Criminal Court (hereinafter referred to as "ICC"). The aim of this thesis is to analyze the conflict between two international legal rules which is the obligation to prosecute and punish perpetrators of crimes under the international law, irrespective of the status of the offender, and the exclusion of heads of the state from the criminal jurisdiction because of the immunity that protects its bearer. According to the Rome Statute (hereinafter referred to as "Statute") which established the ICC its contractual party is obliged to surrender any accused person to the Court even if this person enjoys immunity. However another provision of the Statute says that the request for this surrender could be refused by the party if it broke an obligation which this party has against the state whose national is the accused person. The first chapter outlines the formation and the functioning of the Court. Subsequently, the work deals with theoretical terms such as the head of state, the individual responsibility or the immunity. It provides with the types of immunities a person could enjoy...
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The direct election of the President of the CR
Vyšínová, Barbora ; Janstová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Kudrna, Jan (referee)
The theme of the Thesis "The Direct Election of the President of the Czech Republic" has been chosen by its author with regard to the currency of this topic. It could have been expected that during the formulation of this Thesis the adoption of the Implementing Act, as well as the very first direct presidential elections, is held. The aim of the Thesis is to provide the most comprehensive view of regulation of presidential election, to summarize theoretical basis, to analyse the legislative procedure and to try to suggest possible amendments. The Thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter One introduces generally the term "Head of State" and defines the way of its election in different republics. In the Second Chapter, the author generally deals with the role and powers of the president according to the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The Third Chapter addresses the historical development of presidential election legislation. The Parliamentary election had a long historical tradition in our country, which is the reason why the author analyses the presidential elections in the various constitutions since 1918. The Fourth Chapter is divided into three parts and contains various proposals for constitutional laws establishing direct election. In the First Subchapter, there are suggestions of the...
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