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Výdaje na výzkum a vývoj a ekonomický růst
Danyś, Ondřej
Danyś, O. Research and Development Expenditures and Economic Growth. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2023. The bachelor's thesis examines the relationship between R&D spending and economic growth with a focus on government spending. The goal of the work is fulfilled thanks to panel regression analysis. The theoretical part shows the reasons why these expenses should lead to economic growth and contributes to the creation of the model in the empirical part. In the empirical part, a panel regression analysis is performed based on data from selected OECD countries. The period chosen for this analysis is between 2000-2020. The results of this regression indicated a positive effect of both total and government R&D expenditures on economic growth.
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Vliv mezinárodního obchodu na hospodářský vývoj Švédska
Zavrtálek, Petr
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out how foreign trade affects economic development in Sweden. The aim of the thesis is fulfilled through correlation and regression analysis of time series for the period from 1950 to 2017. International trade is identified with export growth and foreign trade turnover growth, while economic development is represented by GDP growth. The thesis also analyzes Swedish foreign trade in terms of territorial structure and commodity structure for the period from 1977 to 2017. The regression analysis shows that export growth or foreign trade turnover has a positive effect on economic growth.
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Sbližování států Sdružení národů jihovýchodní Asie
Kiedroňová, Tereza
The area of ASEAN countries and the subsequent role of regionalisation were being analysed in this thesis whilst employing the HDI, mortality rate up to 5 years, life expectancy at birth, GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and FDI as the crucial indicators. The study aims to examine the ASEAN countries and its aggregation within both the economic and social spheres. A 10-year period (2006-2016) had been inquired so that the development of each indicator may be examined. And therefore, results of beta convergence could be displayed in a correlation diagrams. The convergence trend has mirrored in five indicators. The only indicator, however, to be diverging has been represented by the unemployment rate. The findings of beta convergence suggest that, in comparison with economic indicators, social indicators tend to converge in a more significant manner in the ASEAN countries.
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The Impact of International Sanctions on The Economy of Iran
Kraváček, Tomáš ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Palanský, Miroslav (referee)
The pursue of Iran's regional ambitions since the very existence of the Islamic republic has commonly collided with the interests of other regional players such as Saudi Arabia and Israel supported by the U.S. Consequently, Iran has been often a target of various U.S. sanctions. Later, after the continuing Iranian reluctance to abide by the international rules concerning its nuclear programme, the EU joined the U.S. in sanctioning Iran. In 2012, the oil embargo was imposed by the former which dramatically reduced the value of Iranian exports. In this thesis, we apply the synthetic control method to estimate the effect of international sanctions on the economy of Iran. We estimate the possible development of Iranian GDP per capita during the 2010-2015 period had it not been for the international sanctions. Our results show a steady growth of the GDP per capita in the absence of the sanctions. In 2015, the last year of the sanctions, the difference between our estimated GDP per capita and the actual one is 1,911 U.S. dollars. Keywords synthetic control method, nuclear programme, GDP per capita, Iran, sanctions, trade, oil
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Sustainable Development Goal Nr. 1: End of Poverty
Komorová, Anežka ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Fanta, Nicolas (referee)
Nowadays, the question of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seems to get more and more attention. This bachelor thesis focuses on the first goal - end poverty in all its forms everywhere. There is a great number of literature which examines possible determinants of poverty in order to create effective strategies to fight witht it. Majority of them focuses on the study in particular countries or regions since their data are easier to access. On the contrary, this thesis examines variables and their effect on extreme poverty in the world with the use of the econometric analysis on panel data. There are seven independent variables used: GDP per capita, Gini index as a proxy variable for income inequality, population growth and four education attainment levels - no education, primary, secondary and tertiary. The World Bank was chosen as the primary source of data with a great number of observations from 125 countries over time period of 2000 and 2017. According to the results of the study, explanatory variables GDP per capita, income inequality, no education and tertiary education significantly affect extreme poverty. Also, the results show that the goal of 0 % is unlikely to be fulfilled by the year of 2030. To sum up, the first goal of the SDGs turned out as too ambitious. For its...
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Impact of economic crisis on fertility level in EU member states
Kortanová, Jana ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee) ; Černíková, Alena (referee)
Impact of economic crisis on fertility level in EU member states Abstract The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide a detailed development overview of the selected indicators, i.e., GDP per capita, unemployment rate and total fertility rate, in the context of the Global Economic Crisis, which, on a European scale, started in 2008, and evaluate the impact of the crisis on fertility levels across EU countries. The diploma thesis further concerns itself with various approaches to the relation between economic development and fertility, briefly with the causes of the Global Economic Crisis and with family policy measures in response to worsening economic conditions. Using cluster and regression analyses, the relationship between the economic indicators and total fertility rates in relation to the onset of the crisis has been examined. Even though total fertility rates of individual EU countries were affected differently by the change of economic conditions, the results indicate that changes in unemployment rates affect fertility levels. The decline in fertility levels during the crisis, which occurred in most of the examined countries, is certainly the result of a large number of factors affecting reproductive behaviour. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the symptoms of the crisis significantly...
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Does the speed of transition impact tourism in post-communist countries?
Shurgaia, Zurabi
The topic of the bachelor thesis is "Does the speed of transition impact tourism in post-communist countries?" The goal of the thesis is to show the historical development of tourism industry in post-soviet countries, during the Soviet Union and after it until nowadays. In my case the focus is on the country called Georgia, because it was one of the most important touristic areas from the all USSR countries and it still has a big potential to develop further. For the end, with the help of different indicators, data and statistical researches, I will show the institutional changes in the country. The period during the USSR, later after the crash of it till 2003, and from 2003 post Rose Revolution period till nowadays. Impact on tourism development was mainly positive and lots of changes occurred that needs to be understood.
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Vliv ekonomické výkonnosti a přerozdělovací funkce státu na snižování chudoby
Dolinová, Lucie
This thesis explores issues of economic performance and redistributive function of the state in reducing poverty within thirty European countries. Individual countries were divided into groups at the base of a comparable influence of the level of GDP per capita on elimination of poverty, the redistributive role of the state in population affected by poverty and the relationship between social security and pension disparity. The results of this thesis point out the ambiguity of the relationship between economic performance and the redistributive function of the state in the elimination of poverty within European countries
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An analysis of the determinants of suicide rates in OECD countries
Hainz, Filip ; Kovanda, Lukáš (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of selected socioeconomic factors on suicide rates among 32 OECD countries between years 2005-2010. Based on analysis by fixed and random effects method, the thesis confirms 2 stated hypothesis, which are: 1. Suicide rate is negatively correlated with GDP per capita, 2. Suicide rate is positively correlated with unemployment. Analysis implies that increase of GDP per capita leads to decrease in suicide rate by approximately 0,3 %. To the contrary, increase of unemployment by 1 percentage point leads to increase in suicide rate by about 1 %. Other identified significant factors are: alcohol consumption per capita and average hours worked in employment which positively, respectively negatively correlate with suicide rate. Findings mentioned above are consistent with sociological hypothesis stated by Henry and Short and economical hypothesis stated by Hamermesh and Soss.
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