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Government expenditure on education
ŠMEJKALOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with government expenditure on education in the Czech Republic. Education is characterized as a publicly provided good. The thesis discusses the reasons why it is appropriate for the state to finance education from public budgets. It classifies education in the Czech Republic and describes the method of public financing of education. The data sources are mainly values from the OECD statistical database. An important part of this thesis is an analysis of the level and dynamics of government expenditure on education in international comparison. The comparison of government expenditure on education is made by several indicators, such as government expenditure on education expressed as a proportion of GDP, government expenditure on education per capita, government expenditure on education expressed as a proportion of total government expenditure and percentage comparison of public and private sector financing of educational institutions. The results of the analyses show that the Czech Republic's government expenditure on education is lower than the average of OECD countries. An important part of the thesis is the search for a link between government expenditure on education and the Better life index. This index allows for a comparison of well-being across countries based on eleven indicators that the OECD considers essential in terms of living conditions and quality of life. When we compared the Czech Republic's position in the Better Life Index values for the education indicator variable, we concluded that the Czech Republic was higher in the Better Life Index education scores than in the analyses of government spending on education. A correlation analysis was used to find the relationship between the level of government spending on education and some of the Better life index indicators, namely the indicators of years in education, quality of support network and life satisfaction.
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Is inflation in Ghana a monetary phenomenon?
Addo, Grace Naa Kalei
ABSTRACT Inflation is a problematic macroeconomic factor that affects most economies, in-cluding Ghana. Inconsistent policies have made it difficult for policymakers to achieve target inflation rates, leading to negative impacts on living standards. Infla-tion is a key indicator of a country's economic performance, and Ghana has been severely impacted by excessive inflation. The aim of the research was to develop more accurate models for predicting inflation in Ghana by assessing various econ-ometric techniques and identifying key macroeconomic signs. Multiple Regression Analysis and Walk-through analysis were applied to secondary data obtained from Ghana to make inflation predictions. The findings revealed an inverse relationship between GDP growth and inflation over the long term, but a direct relationship in the short term. Government expenditure had a negative influence on inflation in the short term but a positive impact over the long term. Neither broad money growth nor real effective exchange rate had a significant impact on inflation. The study also revealed a substantial upward trend in broad money and significant influencing fac-tors in the BOG policy rate, inflation rate, and GDP growth rate. The real effective exchange rate and government expenditure had no significant influencing factors.
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Differences in the structure and dynamics of government spending in selected European countries
MOJŽÍŠKOVÁ, Markéta
The aim of this diploma thesis is to present similarities and differences in the structure and dynamics of government expenditure in selected European countries with an emphasis on causal connections. This work examines the function of public finances and the role of the government sector. It further explains the international classification of government spending, and it focuses on the influences that act on the size and structure of government spending. The analytical part of this work includes calculations of government expenditures that are divided into four groups. All the groups are examined in percentage and per capita based on formulas discussed in methodology.
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The Impact of EU investments on a stable economic development through government expenditure
Kroc, Patrik ; Vozárová, Pavla (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to test the hypothesis claiming that increase in the total allocation of European Structural and Investment Funds will foster economic growth and reduce unemployment in recipient countries. The econometric analysis has been based on a fixed effects method applied on annual panel data stemming from annual observations carried out in 26 EU Member States in a period 2004-2014, or in 21 EU Member States in a period 2000-2014. It has not been possible to verify the above mentioned hypothesis in the framework of a modified New Keynesian´s growth model and Fedeli´s (2014) unemployment model. The problem partly lies in the crowding out of public spending to alternative uses, which the European Commission cannot efficiently prevent.
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Struktura vládních výdajů a ekonomický růst
Všetičková, Simona ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This thesis examines the effect of the government expenditure structure on the economic growth. The objective is to determine which components of public expenditures are growth enhancing and which growth retarding. The theoretical model is set into the endogenous growth framework and describes the growth mechanism of productive and unproductive government expenditures. The growth impact of public spending composition is analysed for 18 European countries from 1996 to 2012. The empirical part is based on the panel data analysis. The empirical findings suggest that reallocating public resources towards education and health can promote growth. Whereas, higher expenditures on spending and defence are likely to be growth-retarding.
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