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Fluid resuscitation and haemotherapy in the intensive care from the perspective of nurse
NĚMCOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis focuses on the fluid replacement therapies and the use of blood products in intensive care which is part of the daily routine for the mutidisciplinary team on intensive care including the intensive care nursing staff. These therapies span wide array of functions, including but not limited to fluid status management, electrolyte replacement and optimisation, therapeutic purposes and the delivery of nutritional requirements. The administration of blood products is vital in modern day medicine, partyicularly in the intensive care setting, and although there has been significant improvements in the standard of safety it is not completely without risk. The role of the intensive care nurse is vital not only in the preparation and administraton of blood products but also to watch for potential complications and side effects that may arise. They are also responsible for meticulous care of venous access ports as these are frequently used in the intensive care setting and must be well looked after to ensure patency and to prevent infection. This thesis is divided into parts in an attempt to cover the main issues surrounding fluid managemnet and the administration of blood products. The first part aims to summarise the relevant physiology underlying fluid balance, transfusion medicine and homeostasis. Next, based on reviewing the current literature, we aim to describe the current terminology approaches to fluid management and summarise the most commonly used products. The following sections are written with a focus on nursing care the tasks involved and their responsibilities and an overview of the possible complications that may arise with fluid replacement strategies. The important aspects of transfusion medicine are described by first defining the available blood products commonly used on intensive care followed by the basic principles underpinning the indications for their usage. We go on further to highlight the possible complications of these respective therapies and what nursing staff should be vigilant for when involved in the care of patients receiving blood products. We also address the role of the nurse in the care of the patient in hypovolemic shock. This encompasses the principles and therapies previously described in an acute setting. We describe the principles of management of such patients together with the clinical implications and practical considerations that need to be taken into account. We also focus on the particular responsibilities of the nurse in the care of such patients on intensive care. At the end of this thesis we summarised the safe concept of intravenous therapy. The second aim of this paper was based on the literature search to summarise and compare modern trends in fluid management.
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Utilization of Liquid in Forming Processes
Horňák, Matúš ; Podaný, Kamil (referee) ; Řiháček, Jan (advisor)
This diploma paper submits a literature retrieval of forming processes, which use liquid as a main or additional forming medium. These methods are used in practise in mass-produced complex components, mainly in automobile and aeronautic industry. They are perspective due to their variability, geometric accuracy and the ability to form components which cannot be made using conventional methods. The thesis introduces principles, submits specimen of units prepared by methods, such as hydro-mechanical pulling, Flexform or processual hydroforming, and evaluates their advantages and disadvantages.
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Vehicle Hydropneumatic Suspension
Koudelka, Roman ; Hejtmánek, Petr (referee) ; Blaťák, Ondřej (advisor)
The main task of this bachelor’s thesis is introduction of readers with main principles of hydropneumatic suspension. The introductory part, which aims to outline the historical background of the system, continuously follows the description of the principle of its function. This part also contains the typical features of this suspension system. This type of suspension is used at different types of vehicles, the specific applications are mentioned in the next chapter. The last section is about designing suspension for special military vehicle.
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Analysis of Tube Bulging Process
Zdráhala, Radim ; Císařová, Michaela (referee) ; Peterková, Eva (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of the behavior of the thin-walled tubular test specimen during the technological test of the liquid draining of the tubes. The test specimen ‘in the form a tube was made of austenitic stainless steel 17 240 (1.4301, X5CrNi18-10). During the experiment, the radial expanding tool was quasi-statically charged by the internal fluid pressure. In the introductory part, the thesis focuses on the stress-strain description of the method of tube bulging and possible ways of detecting the strain of material during forming. The experimental part is primarily focused on the analysis of the test sample that was obtained from the experiment. Theoretical approaches were used to analyze the real test sample to detect strain and stress in material, numerical simulation of the bulge process and 3D ATOS scanning device, which helped clarify behavior tube during bulging process. At the end of the thesis is proposed possible design of the tool. This modification should contribute in the future to the full functionality of the radial expanding tool, or the bulging of the tube by liquid.
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Implementace vypařovacího systému pro depozice tenkých vrstev
CIFREUND, David
This thesis focuses on gas dispensing for PECVD proceses in low temperature plasma. Key to succesful depositions is an accurate and stable flow rate of precursor to reactor, where discharges are used for depositions of thin films. Liquid can be also an admixture of the precursor, but it has to be mixed with the carrier gas and finaly evaporated. For this purpose was chosen CEM evaporating system from Bronkhorst High-Tech B.V., which is composed of gas mass flow controller, liquid mass flow controller, evaporating device and control unit. Main goal of this thesis is to implement evaporating system to plasma chemical reactor, calibrate it and do measuring tests.
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The motion of a fluid with pressure dependent material moduli under a surface load
Janečka, Adam ; Průša, Vít (advisor) ; Čadek, Ondřej (referee)
In the present work, we study the motion of homogeneous, isotropic, incompressible fluid with viscosity depending on the pressure. The motion is studied in a infinite domain under a surface load by a prescribed pressure on one of the boundaries. This so called free boundary is due to the exerted pressure deformed and is also subject of study. After an acceptable simplification and prescribing suitable boundary conditions, the problem is solved at first analytically using the perturbation method, then numerically by means of the spectral methods. The effort is to observe any differences in the motion in comparison to commonly used Newtonian fluid.
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The Tool for a Radial Expanding of Tubes by Liquid
Horák, Michal ; Lidmila, Zdeněk (referee) ; Peterková, Eva (advisor)
The submitted diploma thesis is focused on problematic of a radial expanding of tubes. In the first part of thesis, there is a summary of possible theoretical formulas for determining the stress-strain material parameters for biaxial bulging test of tube by liquid. Also there are showed several options for testing tools used in research abroad. The work also contains technological and control calculations for the selected test sample from the tube of steel 17 240 (1.4301). At the end of thesis, there are key points for tool design and there is also presented the proposed the test tool for a radial expanding of test sample of tube to the free space and with firmly fixed the ends of tube in the tool.
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