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Utilization of vibrational spectroscopy in study on interactions between humic substances and organic ions.
Stehlíková, Kristína ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
The main objective of this bachelor thesis was to validate the potential of the utilization of vibrational spectroscopy in the study on interactions between humic substances and organic ions. Unmodified (HA) and methylated humic acids (mHA) were chosen as model humic substances and organic ions were represented by methylene blue, rhodamine 6G and Septonex. Firstly, a suitable infrared spectroscopy technique was chosen. The results of optimization measurements showed that spectra with the best resolution can be obtained using the DRIFTS technique. The next part of the thesis discusses the effect of methylation in the structure of humic acids. Significant differences were recorded in mHA compared to the unmodified humic acids. Finally, the spectra of humic acid – organic ion complexes were compared to the spectra of prepared blank samples. It was noted that the spectra of complexes are not only a simple sum of the pure individual substances’ spectra, but also shifts and changes in the intensity of different absorption bands were recorded there. It suggests that non-covalent interactions played an important role in the complexes. Infrared spectroscopy was proved to be a useful method for investigating these interactions.
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Regulation of production of lipids and lipid compounds in yeasts
Rapta, Marek ; Breierová, Emília (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Oleogenic yeasts under appropriate conditions produce and accumulate lipids and lipid-soluble metabolites in high amounts. This attribute is characteristic also for red yeasts that except lipids accumulate also carotenoids – natural pigments used in food industry and dietary supplements. The aim of this diploma thesis was designed as a comparative screening study of production properties of strains Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Sporobolomyces shibatanus. Choosen carbon sources were glucose and glycerol as waste by-product in biofuel industry. The best production properties were found in Cystofilobasidium capitatum and Rhodotorula glutinis. These two strains produced increased amounts of lipids as well as higher amounts of carotenoids. Strains were tested by FTIR spectroscopy that enables high-throughput, uncomplicated and accurate analysis.
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Involvement of vibrational spectroscopy in the study on interactions of natural organic matter with model environmental pollutants.
Stehlíková, Kristína ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
The main objective of this diploma thesis was to verify the potential of using advanced infrared spectra processing techniques – specifically the principal component analysis (PCA) – in order to monitor the interaction of natural organic matter with organic pollutants. Natural organic matter was represented by standard IHSS Leonardite humic acid, while the aromatic dyes methylene blue and Rhodamine 6G and the aliphatic substance Septonex were chosen as representatives of organic ions. Their interactions were monitored using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the use of which for this purpose was verified in my bachelor's thesis. Principal component analysis was finally applied to the obtained infrared spectra of the formed complexes and prepared blank samples, which helped to reveal spectral changes at first glance unrecognizable in the spectra themselves. It was found out that the most likely mechanism of humic acid interaction with aromatic pollutants is a - interaction, while the electrostatic nature of the interaction is assumed for the binding of aliphatic substances.
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Utilization of vibrational spectroscopy in study on interactions between humic substances and organic ions.
Stehlíková, Kristína ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
The main objective of this bachelor thesis was to validate the potential of the utilization of vibrational spectroscopy in the study on interactions between humic substances and organic ions. Unmodified (HA) and methylated humic acids (mHA) were chosen as model humic substances and organic ions were represented by methylene blue, rhodamine 6G and Septonex. Firstly, a suitable infrared spectroscopy technique was chosen. The results of optimization measurements showed that spectra with the best resolution can be obtained using the DRIFTS technique. The next part of the thesis discusses the effect of methylation in the structure of humic acids. Significant differences were recorded in mHA compared to the unmodified humic acids. Finally, the spectra of humic acid – organic ion complexes were compared to the spectra of prepared blank samples. It was noted that the spectra of complexes are not only a simple sum of the pure individual substances’ spectra, but also shifts and changes in the intensity of different absorption bands were recorded there. It suggests that non-covalent interactions played an important role in the complexes. Infrared spectroscopy was proved to be a useful method for investigating these interactions.
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Regulation of production of lipids and lipid compounds in yeasts
Rapta, Marek ; Breierová, Emília (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Oleogenic yeasts under appropriate conditions produce and accumulate lipids and lipid-soluble metabolites in high amounts. This attribute is characteristic also for red yeasts that except lipids accumulate also carotenoids – natural pigments used in food industry and dietary supplements. The aim of this diploma thesis was designed as a comparative screening study of production properties of strains Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Sporobolomyces shibatanus. Choosen carbon sources were glucose and glycerol as waste by-product in biofuel industry. The best production properties were found in Cystofilobasidium capitatum and Rhodotorula glutinis. These two strains produced increased amounts of lipids as well as higher amounts of carotenoids. Strains were tested by FTIR spectroscopy that enables high-throughput, uncomplicated and accurate analysis.
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