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Study of oligandrin protein secreted by oomycete Pythium oligandrum
Neykulova, Anastasia ; Bělonožníková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Adámková, Lyubina (referee)
Oomycete Pythium oligandrum acts as a mycoparasite of pathogenic fungi, bacteria and oomycetes in soil due to the production of a number of hydrolytic enzymes for the degradation of polysaccharides and proteins in the cell wall of the host. At the same time, P. oligandrum can interact with plant roots through specific elicitors and stimulate plant defense and growth. Thus, P. oligandrum is a successfully used environmentally friendly biological control agent of plants. Among the secreted elicitors P. oligandrum to the low molecular weight proteins belong oligandrins (~10 kDa), which have a characteristic structure and a conserved sequence among the group of so-called elicitins, and at the same time are not homologous to plant proteins. In the framework of this bachelor thesis, was analyzed the production of oligandrin in various types of growing media after cultivation of P. oligandrum. The total proteolytic activity and the content of phenolic substances as other possible elicitors of plant defense reactions were also observed in culture media. Further, this work focused on the possibility of recombinant oligandrin expression in E. coli and its subsequent purification. Key words: Pythium oligandrum, oligandrin, elicitors, cultivation, recombinant expression [IN CZECH]
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Vliv technologie pěstování Leuzey saflorové (Leuzea carthamoides DC.) na kvalitu produktu
VYTISKA, Petr
The aim of this diploma thesis was to verify the effect of elicitors on the content of selected active substances in Leucea carthamoides DC. The elicitors used were acetylsalicylic acid and Nanophyte Si ? from AGRA GROUP a.s. Determined active substances were 20-hydroxyecdysone and Polypodine B. Evaluation was performed by UHPLC-MS / MS method. In conclusion, statistics of obtained results were performed.
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Vliv technologie pěstování kotvičníku zemního (Tribulus terrestris L.) na kvalitu produktu
NEUMANN, Jaroslav
This diploma thesis focuses on the Tribulus terrestris and its cultivation in order to achieve the highest content of biologically active substances. Tribulus has its roots in Chinese traditional medicine and Indian Ayurveda. The monitored substances are protodioscin and diosgenin. These two substances are saponins which are known for many beneficial effects on human health. For example, protodioscin is widely used as a remedy for conception problems. Diosgenin has its use in the fight against cancer. Both of these substances are also used in fitness to increase muscle mass and strength. The most famous is protodioscin, which became famous thanks to the Bulgarian weightlifters. However, the mechanisms of action of protodioscin and, in fact, diosgenin in the human body are not completely known in terms of influencing hormones in our body. In the practical part of this work, acetylsalicylic acid and the commercial preparation NanoFyt Si? are used as an elicitor. Water control was used for control, which was carried out in the same way as elicitor sprays. It is statistically summarized in what concentration the elicitors act or do not act. Based on statistical results, the cultivation procedure is recommended.
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The effect of elicitors on the secondary metabolites production in vitro cultures -I.
Damaskinos, Antonios ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Active compounds have been always originated from plants. Plants though, were able to produce only very low amounts of them and that was the reason for trying many alternative ways of production, one of them being plant tissue culture cultivation. This method is any fragment of living tissue or organ taken from an intact plant or an already existing explant culture, with the intention of growing an artificial growth medium. Even this method though, is not able to produce large amounts compared to extraction from field plants. Elicitation is considered a possible way to increase the production of secondary metabolites. This method used the plant's own defense system, in order to increase the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. The compound which is used to produce the effect is called elicitor. During our experimental work I used as an elicitor the compound Ethephon (2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid) upon callus and suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum, with intention to observe its effect on flavonoid production. This experiment was based on three different concentrations and six different withdrawal times, being 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 hours. The maximum effect of elicitor was reached with concentration c1 (1mg/100ml) after 12 hours and with concentration c3 (100mg/100ml) after 72 hours.
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Porovnání systémů ekologické ochrany u nových PIWI odrůd
Londová, Julie
The theoretical part of this thesis describes three different types of vinegrape productions in the Czech Republic – the integrated system, organic production and biodynamic way of vinegrape production. It describes the resistence and its mechanisms in the vine. A substantial part of the paper is focused on the fungal disease protection in organic grapevine production and finally the topic of elicitor-based preparations is discussed. The experimental part of the thesis concerns the comparison of three systems of protection against fungal diseases applied on grapevine. The Influence of these applications on the fungal disease infection and grape quality is monitored. From the results it is clear, that effectiveness of the three variants has been very similar and none of them was extremely distinctive either positively or negatively. As the most efficient variant was considered to be the EKO one, the author therefore recommends the application of the anti-fungal-disease preparations used in an ecological regime with the elicitor-based preparations included.
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Vyhodnocení aplikace elicitorů na zdravotní stav révy vinné
Šmíd, Roman
This Masters thesis contains possibility in using plant extracts as alternative options for protecting grapevine against fungal diseases. Also Impact using of water plant extracts to grapevine state of health and their quantity and qualitative parameters. Theoretic part of this masters thesis describe the most significant fungal diseases of grapevines. In following article are described manufacturing possibilities and usefulness of plant extracts. Plants convenient to produce extracts. The last paragraph in theoretical part contains characterization of defending reactions of grapevines, attacked by pathogens. Beginning of experimental part deals with influence of plant extracts to grapevine state of health. There is also comparison followed parameters between all tested variants.
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Technologie pěstování Leuzey saflorové (Leuzea carthamoides DC.) a její využití.
VYTISKA, Petr
This bachelor thesis deals with the technology of growing leuzea carthamoides DC., the substances it contains and its possible pharmaceutical use. Next I deal with the description of some substances found in the above ground or underground parts of the plant. Among the most effective substances that leuzea contains are phytoecdysteroids, triterpens, flavonoids, thiophenes and phenolic acids. The quantity of these substances depends directly on the way of cultivation, selection of the appropriate habitat, the use of elicitors and the drying and harvesting technology. In the final part I deal with the research how the public is familiar with leuzea as a medical plant.
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The effect of elicitors on the secondary metabolites production in vitro cultures -I.
Damaskinos, Antonios ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Active compounds have been always originated from plants. Plants though, were able to produce only very low amounts of them and that was the reason for trying many alternative ways of production, one of them being plant tissue culture cultivation. This method is any fragment of living tissue or organ taken from an intact plant or an already existing explant culture, with the intention of growing an artificial growth medium. Even this method though, is not able to produce large amounts compared to extraction from field plants. Elicitation is considered a possible way to increase the production of secondary metabolites. This method used the plant's own defense system, in order to increase the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. The compound which is used to produce the effect is called elicitor. During our experimental work I used as an elicitor the compound Ethephon (2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid) upon callus and suspension cultures of Hypericum perforatum, with intention to observe its effect on flavonoid production. This experiment was based on three different concentrations and six different withdrawal times, being 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 hours. The maximum effect of elicitor was reached with concentration c1 (1mg/100ml) after 12 hours and with concentration c3 (100mg/100ml) after 72 hours.
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Vliv elicitorů, hnojení a technologie pěstování Ostropestřce mariánského (Silybum marianum L) na produkt a jeho využití
GUBIŠOVÁ, Jana
Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) has been one of the best known medici herb for a very long time. Seeds contain biologicky aktive substances taxifoiln, silychristin, silydianin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B, commonly known as silymarin complex. The aim of this thesis was the influence of elicitors, fertilization and growing technology on this product and its utilizaion. In the first part I focused on history, botanic attributes, agrotechnology, chemical composition and substance efficiency method of determinativ and also on pharmacological onpacts of effective substances. In the practical part I conducted twho small parcel experiments to reveal the impal of elicitors on effective substances. I used two elicitors NanoFYTSi? in 1ml/l concentrantion and N-FENOLMIX? in 0.5ml/l concentration. In the second experiment from my supervisor elicitor NanoFYT Si? in 1ml/l concentraiton and N-FENOL MIX? in 0.5ml/l and elicitor ASA were used in three different concentration: low [10-5 mol/l], medium [ 10-4 mol/l] and high [10-3 mol/l]. In the conclusion I did statistical analysis of the above montioned experiments and compared them with other Publisher experiments. Then I propřed the growing technology and utilization of Milk Thistle.
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Technology of growing hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Elicitors influence on yield and product quality. His food and non-food use.
HAŠKOVCOVÁ, Petra
This thesis deals with growing hops technology, its use, the use of elicitation and herbal products for agricultural crops. The general part of the thesis deals with the history of hops, the morphology of the hop plant, hop growing technology, nutrition and fertilization, pest and disease control, harvesting and chemical composition of hops. The Czech Republic is traditionally one of the world's largest hop producers. Czech hops is world renowned for its quality, given by the absolutely predominant fine aromatic sort Žatecký poloraný červeňák. (ŽPC). Furthermore, this part provides information about the impact of elicitation on agricultural crops, the effect of herbal preparations and the use of hops. The last part summarizes the basic information about the common hops.
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