|
|
Using tests with destruents for ecotoxicological evaluation of soil quality
Rábová, Petra ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the dehydrogenase activity of matrix samples that can enter the environment and the use of ecotoxicological tests to assess the quality of the affected soil. The effects of sludge, biochar samples, two landfill samples and a sediment sample were monitored. Ecotoxicology included tests on decomposers - tests of avoidance behavior (Eisenia fetida and Folsomia candida), acute, chronic and reproductive toxicity tests (Eisenia fetida) and Lactuca sativa root growth inhibition tests. The results indicate that dehydrogenase activity assays serve as a suitable complement to ecotoxicological tests. They provide valuable additional information on soil quality and sample effect after application to soil. The sediment sample had the least favorable effect on the activity of the enzyme and the vitality of the organisms, both in the determination of dehydrogenase activity and in ecotoxicological tests. Furthermore, it was found that biochar as a product of sewage sludge treatment is less toxic to organisms than the original sludge.
|
|
|
Risks associated with the use of biochar in the terrestrial ecosystem
Valeeva, Adeliia ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to assess the ecotoxicity of biochar produced from sewage sludge in Ingolstadt. Biochar is one of the carbon storage options and it’s applied to the soil. Biochar has an effect not only on the terrestrial ecosystem in direct contact of organisms with the sample, but also on aquatic in the leaching of substances from biochar into water. Therefore, contact and aquatic tests were chosen to assess the ecotoxicological effect. The representative of the decomposers was the earthworm Eisenia fetida, the primary producer – the plant Lactuca Sativa and the Daphnia magna was chosen from the aquatic organisms. The test results differed slightly, but the lowest negative effect on the test organisms was shown by soil samples with the addition of 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg granular biochar.
|
|
|
Assessment of PHB effects at organismal and sub-organismal levels through E. fetida.
Demová, Kristína ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The use of biodegradable plastics, which are competitive with synthetic plastics and have the ability to be completely degraded by micro-organisms, is gaining ground. In real life conditions, biodegradation does not always proceed as expected, and these plastic particles may persist in the environment for long periods of time. Therefore, the verification of the safety of these plastics is the subject of many studies. This was also the aim of the present thesis, which deals with the impact of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate microparticles (representative of biodegradable plastics) on the organism Eisenia fetida (representative of soil organisms). Its effects were assessed using classical ecotoxicological tests. Methods to observe effects at the sub-organism level - using selected biomarkers - were also introduced and implemented. From the obtained results, no significant effect of the investigated biodegradable plastic on the test organism E. fetida was demonstrated, but the introduced methods can be used in the future to obtain more results to assess the effect at the sub-organismal level of the organism in a relevant way.
|
|
|
Risks associated with the use of biochar in the terrestrial ecosystem
Valeeva, Adeliia ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to assess the ecotoxicity of biochar produced from sewage sludge in Ingolstadt. Biochar is one of the carbon storage options and it’s applied to the soil. Biochar has an effect not only on the terrestrial ecosystem in direct contact of organisms with the sample, but also on aquatic in the leaching of substances from biochar into water. Therefore, contact and aquatic tests were chosen to assess the ecotoxicological effect. The representative of the decomposers was the earthworm Eisenia fetida, the primary producer – the plant Lactuca Sativa and the Daphnia magna was chosen from the aquatic organisms. The test results differed slightly, but the lowest negative effect on the test organisms was shown by soil samples with the addition of 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg granular biochar.
|
|
|
Molekulárna charakterizácia vybraných obranných faktorov v čeľadi Lumbricidae
Mančíková, Veronika ; Bilej, Martin (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Earthworms belonging to oligochaete annelids have been a model for comparative immunology for over 40 years. They possess various defense mechanisms efficiently recognizing and responding to non-self substances. Among these there are molecules with many biological activities including cytolytic, antimicrobial and proteolytic. This work is aimed to compare the immunological features of two closely related earthworm species Eisenia andrei and Eisenia fetida. Due to many morphological and life cycle similarities they have been, until recently, regarded as members of subspecies. Interestingly, their natural habitat varies considerably, and it was of particular interest to investigate how these environmental differences affect the features of innate immunity of both species. Key words: annelids, innate immunity, Eisenia andrei, Eisenia fetida, CCF, fetidin, lysenin, lysozyme
|
|
|
Using tests with destruents for ecotoxicological evaluation of soil quality
Rábová, Petra ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the dehydrogenase activity of matrix samples that can enter the environment and the use of ecotoxicological tests to assess the quality of the affected soil. The effects of sludge, biochar samples, two landfill samples and a sediment sample were monitored. Ecotoxicology included tests on decomposers - tests of avoidance behavior (Eisenia fetida and Folsomia candida), acute, chronic and reproductive toxicity tests (Eisenia fetida) and Lactuca sativa root growth inhibition tests. The results indicate that dehydrogenase activity assays serve as a suitable complement to ecotoxicological tests. They provide valuable additional information on soil quality and sample effect after application to soil. The sediment sample had the least favorable effect on the activity of the enzyme and the vitality of the organisms, both in the determination of dehydrogenase activity and in ecotoxicological tests. Furthermore, it was found that biochar as a product of sewage sludge treatment is less toxic to organisms than the original sludge.
|
|
|
Molekulárna charakterizácia vybraných obranných faktorov v čeľadi Lumbricidae
Mančíková, Veronika ; Bilej, Martin (advisor) ; Král, Jiří (referee)
Earthworms belonging to oligochaete annelids have been a model for comparative immunology for over 40 years. They possess various defense mechanisms efficiently recognizing and responding to non-self substances. Among these there are molecules with many biological activities including cytolytic, antimicrobial and proteolytic. This work is aimed to compare the immunological features of two closely related earthworm species Eisenia andrei and Eisenia fetida. Due to many morphological and life cycle similarities they have been, until recently, regarded as members of subspecies. Interestingly, their natural habitat varies considerably, and it was of particular interest to investigate how these environmental differences affect the features of innate immunity of both species. Key words: annelids, innate immunity, Eisenia andrei, Eisenia fetida, CCF, fetidin, lysenin, lysozyme
|
|
| |
guest ::
