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Factors affecting prevalence of physical fuctional limitation among European population
Hrabcová, Tereza ; Lustigová, Michala (advisor) ; Hrkal, Jakub (referee)
Factors affecting prevalence of physical fuctional limitation among European population Abstract Walking difficulties have a major impact on everyday life. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis was to find factors that influence the prevalence of walking limitations. It also dealt with the impact of walking limitations on quality of life and how the prevalence of these health problems varies across European populations. binary logistic regression, which was the main statistical method, involved respondents aged 25 years and older who participated in the EHIS study in 2019. All sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health factors examined appeared to be risk factors, except neck disorders, which became protective in the final model. No significant differences were found between the genders. It was also found that the most risky factors that influenced quality of life analyzed using self-rated health assessment and the appereance of depressive symptoms were confirmed walking limitations, together with pain and depressive symptoms. Based on age-standardized prevalence rates of walking limitations and healthy life years without walking limitations, Europe was found to be polarized into Western and Eastern countries, with populations in Eastern countries burdened by walking difficulties significantly more than...
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Social Inequalities in Colorectal Cancer Screening (Non-)Attendance in Europe
Vančíková, Sabína ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Ngo, Ondřej (referee)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, responsible for nearly a million deaths yearly. Due to its slow progression, there is a unique window of opportunity to detect (and remove) the precancerous lesions or early stages of tumors and reduce CRC incidence and mortality. Regularly repeated fecal occult blood tests for 50-74 years old individuals and a follow-up colonoscopy in case of a positive result is a recommended screening strategy in the European Union. However, each country plans its own CRC screening program, population-based or opportunistic, and the attendance rates vary across Europe. This diploma thesis aimed to characterize the main sociodemographic barriers to CRC screening attendance in Europe, utilizing comparable data from an international cross-sectional health survey EHIS wave 3. To understand the background, lifelong CRC screening non-attendance rates were calculated for each country. Social inequalities were studied on both levels - in the population of the entire Europe and the individual countries. Various socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were used in the analyses as potential predictors of CRC screening attendance behavior. Social inequalities in CRC screening non-attendance persist across Europe. The age- standardized...
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Diabetes mellitus and breast cancer screening in Czechia in the context of socio-economic factors
Vrchlavská, Eliška ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Brož, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the relationship of diabetes mellitus and participation in mammography screening in women in the Czechia under the influence of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, and it is based on the assumption that women with diabetes mellitus participate in secondary prevention of breast cancer less frequently than women without diabetes. Logistic regression analysis methods were used to assess the relationship between participation in mammography screening and diabetes, age, SES (education, household income) and lifestyle (obesity, smoking, alcohol) using European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) data from 2019. The link between SES and lifestyle is assessed for women with diabetes, as well as for women without the diagnosis. The results of this study do not show a statistically significant relationship between diabetes and participation in mammography screening, however, do demonstrate a socioeconomic gradient in participation in screening, both in the diabetes-free and diabetic populations. At the same time, they demonstrate an increased probability of participating in screening for occasional alcohol consumers. Key words: diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, mammography, EHIS, socioeconomic status
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Self-perceived health with focus on determinants of depression in selected countries of Europe
Mlíčková, Klára ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Dzúrová, Dagmar (referee)
Self-perceived health with focus on determinants of depression in selected countries of Europe Abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe and compare the proportions of people with depressive symptoms in 29 European countries based on the health survey EHIS 2014. The effect of age, sex and education determinants is examined while focusing on persons aged 65 years and over. Using the cluster analysis method, proportions of persons aged 15 years and over suffering from depressive symptoms with the proportion of persons aged 65 years and over with depressive symptoms are compared and so are the sex differences in depressive symptoms within the persons aged 65 years and over. The relationship between the determinant of education and the depressive symptoms of persons aged 65 years and over is shown by conditional formatting. Analyses indicate that there is an apparent increase in the occurrence of depressive symptoms in the elderly, and it is even more noticeable with women. The level of education is also reflected in the occurrence of depressive symptoms, nevertheless, this relationship is not as apparent in the selected countries as it is for the age and sex determinants. Keywords: self-perceived health, health determinants, depressive symptoms, EHIS
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