|
|
Methods for determination of tumor markers in the blood plasma and their clinical significance in diagnosing
Toman, Karel ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
The thesis discusses the methods of determination of tumor markers and their clinical importance in medical diagnostics. The theoretical part describes clinically important tumor markers and also the chemiluminescent immunoassay methods used for their determination. The practical part of the thesis describes the introduction of new chemiluminescent methods for the determination of tumor markers in routine operation, evaluates its basic analytical parameters and compares it with the existing immunoturbidimetric method. The practical part also presents results of monitoring of cancer patients with various tumors, which is performed by evaluation of the values of tumor markers. Comparison of our method with other methods within the context of System of external quality control is also documented.
|
|
|
Modern detection methods of energetic materials
Šesták, Jozef ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The review of modern detection methods of explosives was composed. Firstly the thesis deals with the detection methods commonly used in forensics science such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and mainly their innovations. Then the thesis is focused on simple but very sensitive methods using fluorescence and chemiluminescence. At the end a methods as the results of a latest research are mentioned. The main of them are micro cantilever sensors and differential reflectometry. Security and counterterrorist warfare is main point of thesis.
|
|
|
Determination of total antioxidation activity of tea pickles in selected sorts of tea
Bartošová, Jitka ; Vitoulová, Eva (referee) ; RNDr.Jana Skopalová, Ph.D. (advisor)
This thesis deals with the total antioxidant activity (TAA) evaluation of various sorts of tea (green, black, half-fermented, white, mate, rooibos and herbal) depending on the process and time of their treatment. The main emphasis is put on testing a new method of measuring the total antioxidant activity by flow coulometry. The results acquired by this method are compared to the results of the chemiluminescent Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method which is a standard for measuring the total antioxidant capacity in various materials and raw materials. The work discusses the reasons for the differences in the values found by both methods.
|
|
|
Optimization of the optical setup for chemiluminescence detection of natural products
Laho, Tomáš ; Dian, Juraj (advisor) ; Hraníček, Jakub (referee)
The content of the bachelor thesis was the implementation of a new luminescent apparatus and the study of chemiluminescence of luminol and beer samples of suitable age. The chemiluminescence of luminol was used in this work to determine its basic characteristics (spectrum, intensity of chemiluminescence, and its dependence on the composition of the reaction mixture) using a fiber spectrometer and, subsequently, verify the functionality of the assembled apparatus. This work aimed to realize an apparatus suitable for the chemiluminescence measurement of natural substances with potential use in the food industry. Luminol made it possible to observe intense chemiluminescence, thanks to which it was possible to optimize the measured signal. After successful optimization, there was an attempt to detect the chemiluminescent response in samples of artificially aged beer and compare the results obtained with those already published in the professional literature. In the presented bachelor thesis, the characteristics of luminol chemiluminescence were measured using a fiber spectrometer. Based on these results, the parameters of the new luminescent apparatus (size of slots, voltage on the photomultiplier) and the maximum values of chemiluminescence intensity for the correct operation of the apparatus were...
|
|
|
Comparison of detection cells for chemiluminescent determination of cobalt ions
Dospělová, Veronika ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
In this thesis, a method for the determination of cobalt ions by sequential injection analysis was developed and optimized. The chemiluminescent reaction of luminol was used for the determination of cobalt ions, where its oxidation by hydrogen peroxide is catalysed by cobalt ions in a basic medium. The reaction is accompanied by the emission of radiation in the form of chemiluminescence, which is detected at a peak wavelength of 425 nm. The determination was carried out in several experimental setups with different types of detection cells. For each setup, the measurement conditions were optimized to achieve the highest and at the same time stable signal of the chemiluminescent radiation intensity. Subsequently, under the optimized conditions, the individual calibration dependencies were measured, and the basic measurement characteristics were determined. Based on these characteristics, the most suitable layout and type of detection cell were selected for which interference studies of selected major cations were measured. The developed method was applied to the determination of vitamin B12 samples. The vitamin molecule contains just one cobalt atom, which was released by different types of decomposition prior to determination. Keywords Sequential injection analysis Chemiluminescence Luminol Cobalt...
|
|
|
Simultaneous determination of ultratrace concentration of nitric acid and nitrates in air using chemiluminescent online analysers
Čmelíková, Dorota ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Alexa,, Lukáš (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the development, optimization and real use of a continuous flow analyser for online determination of nitric acid and nitrates in air. The principle of analysis is photolytic conversion of nitrate in solution to peroxynitrite with subsequent detection by chemiluminescence reaction with luminol. The main aim of this thesis was to optimize parameters of analyser followed by practical use for analysis of urban air. The detection limit of gaseous nitric acid was 0,13 g·m3, resp. 0,10 g·m3 for nitrates in aerosol. The measured online concentrations were compared with reference offline analysis. The analysis of urban air was realized in two campaigns (September 2022 and February 2023) at Institute of Analytical Chemistry of CAS in Brno. The apparatus was placed in laboratory on the second floor and samples were collected from the window at Veveří street.
|
|
|
Calprotectin determination in patients with autoimmune disease.
ZÁZVORKOVÁ, Klára
The bachelor thesis deals with autoimmune diseases of GIT and laboratory determination of calprotectin by chemiluminescence method. In the theoretical part I focused on individual diseases, their description and treatment options. The main part of the thesis is devoted to the laboratory diagnosis of calprotectin from stool. I statistically evaluated 300 samples. And further I compared the method with other p-ANCA and ASCA methods.
|
|
|
Development and characterization of light-producing deoxyribozymes
Švehlová, Kateřina ; Curtis, Edward Arthur (advisor) ; Höbartner, Claudia (referee) ; Renčiuk, Daniel (referee)
Light-producing protein enzymes such as luciferase play important roles in both applied and basic research. In this study, we used an in vitro selection to isolate deoxyribozymes that catalyze a chemiluminescent reaction by dephosphorylation of the commercial substrate CDP-Star. One of the most active variants, named Supernova, was further improved and characterized using a combination of random mutagenesis, in vitro reselection, high-throughput sequencing, comparative sequence analysis, and optimization of reaction conditions. Supernova produces light up to 6,500-fold more efficiently that the background reaction and folds into an unusual triple-helical structure. Moreover, we characterized in detail the buffer requirements including pH, the effect of various ions, substrate and Supernova concentrations, and the presence of crowding agents. Finally, we showed that Supernova can be turned into an allosteric sensor by rational design. We anticipate that this deoxyribozyme can be used as the signaling component in light-producing allosteric deoxyribozyme sensors that respond to a wide variety of stimuli and will complement existing methods that utilize radioactive, fluorescent, and colorimetric readouts.
|
|
|
Chemiluminescent determination of vitamin B12 using sequential injection analysis
Doležalová, Veronika ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Dian, Juraj (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals to find the optimal conditions for the determination of vitamin B12 by the Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA). The basis of the determination is a chemiluminescence reaction in which luminol is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide under the catalysis of cobalt ions in a basic medium. The intensity of the chemiluminescence radiation was measured using a spectrofluorometric detector and the measured intensities were recorded. Suitable experimental conditions were found experimentally before the actual determination. A total of 4 parameters were optimized, namely, the mass percentage of hydrogen peroxide, the ratio between the dosed cobalt ion sample and the luminol solution, the sample flow rate and the luminol concentration. Under optimized conditions, several solutions of known cobalt ion concentration were measured, from which a calibration dependence of chemiluminescence intensity on cobalt ion concentration could be established. For this determination, the basic characteristics were determined. For the determination of vitamin B12 itself by the SIA technique, it was assumed that the vitamin molecule contains exactly one cobalt atom, which was released from the molecule by the action of UV radiation. At the end of the work, the concentration obtained by the measurement was...
|
|
|
Methods for determination of tumor markers in the blood plasma and their clinical significance in diagnosing
Toman, Karel ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
The thesis discusses the methods of determination of tumor markers and their clinical importance in medical diagnostics. The theoretical part describes clinically important tumor markers and also the chemiluminescent immunoassay methods used for their determination. The practical part of the thesis describes the introduction of new chemiluminescent methods for the determination of tumor markers in routine operation, evaluates its basic analytical parameters and compares it with the existing immunoturbidimetric method. The practical part also presents results of monitoring of cancer patients with various tumors, which is performed by evaluation of the values of tumor markers. Comparison of our method with other methods within the context of System of external quality control is also documented.
|
guest ::
