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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Avalanche monitoring and run-out modelling using GIS
Biskupič, Marek ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Hreško, Juraj (referee) ; Škvarenina, Jaroslav (referee)
Snow avalanches a natural phenomenon typical for snowy winter mountains consist of snow and sometimes of other material (debris, rocks, truncated trees and soil). On first sight they seem to be harmless mass of snow sliding down on a slope. But not they can be disastrous. Despite the snow avalanches event lasts for couple of seconds, they can take human lives, and destroy infrastructure. Until they occur in far and remote places they are not concern. The avalanche run- out has been always an issue. How far avalanches can travel? Is there avalanche activity out there? How large is the avalanche hazard on certain places? Will the avalanche airbag will influence the probability of not being critically buried by an avalanche. These are the question the thesis attempt to solve with the use of GIS, remote sensing and statistical analysis. The aim of the thesis was to find reasonable answers to these questions. The effectiveness of avalanche airbags was first tested by pilot study when the artificial avalanche was triggered and motion of the dummies with different types was recorded. Additional estimation of impact forces, speed and final position of dummies was investigated and modelled (publication 6). The mechanism behind the avalanche airbags - inverse segregation was proofed to work in field test, but how is...
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Létal, Aleš (referee)
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Avalanche prevention course for High schools
Žegklitz, Martin ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Přibyl, Ivan (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the Avalanche prevention course for High Schools. Thesis includes both theoretical and experimental part. The theoretical part mainly includes a description of various items used in the avalanche prevention courses. It also contains various methodological procedures, rules, strategy and analysis, which are used for such courses. The research part includes the avalanche prevention course for secondary schools proposal itself under the given conditions and next specifics. In partial steps thesis is mainly focused on proposed content, time allocation, methodical layout, capacity of the course and equipment needed for the implementation of the course.
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Dendrochronological dating of the past avalanche events in the Krkonose Mts.
Tumajer, Jan ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Kociánová, Milena (referee)
Avalanches are important natural processes which shape the character of large mountainous areas. The reconstruction of their history has been performed on avalanche tracks in the Důl Bílého Labe Valley, Krkonoše Mts. through application of dendrogeomorphological methods. In total 101 trees from the area of 5 avalanche tracks were cored or cross-sectioned, which helped to identify 1253 growth disturbances (abrupt growth suppressions or releases, increases in tree-ring eccentricity, traumatic resin ducts, reaction wood, callus or determination of the tree death). The analysis spanning period from the 1859 led to the identification of 40 avalanche events, which prolong and complement written evidences of avalanche falls (avalanche cadastre). However, because of limitations of dendrogeomorphology (especially impossibility of dating of small events), these results have character of only minimal number of events. Strong influence of monthly snow melting and snow accumulation on initiation of events was pointed out through the statistical analysis of snowpack changes in relation to the reconstructed avalanche activity. Two main possible natural reasons for avalanche activity initiation were identified - vast spring snow melting and loading with fresh snow. The analysis demonstrates the potential of...
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Non-professional rescue in high mountains
VAVRDA, Lukáš
The thesis deals with risks of travelling to high mountains and rescue in high mountains before provision of professional rescue. It summarizes major risks and most common injuries in high mountains and researches preparedness and equipment of laymen to provide first aid. It also proposes procedures to increase the chance of surviving in high mountains through education of people, going to high mountains, which can contribute on potentional increase of successfull rescue operations, initiated by laymen. Object of the thesis is to research risks of travelling to high mountains and rescue operations before professional rescue, which can last longer than in valley due to either arduous terrain or bad weather conditions and it is necessary to provide first aid in order to rescue the patient. This target was reached by qualitative research, dealing with six respondents. Scientific contribution of the tesis are the rescue cards, usable to educate laymen those cards were made according to conclusion, that lamen have got lack of skills in rescue techniques, required for travelling to high mountains.
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Development and present situation of Mountain rescue service
Táborská, Barbora ; Fiala, Miloš (advisor) ; Vilášek, Josef (referee)
Title: Development and present situation of Mountain Rescue Services Objectives: The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to give an overview about historical development of Mountain Rescue Services in Czech Republic and to depict the most important milestones, which influenced the following events. In detailed way will be outlined the activity of Mountain Rescue Services at present time. Methods: For the bachelor thesis will be used collecting, sorting and interpreting of information. Based on exploration of facts will be reached the goal, which was set for this thesis. Results: Results of thesis confirm the longtime tradition and rich experiences of Mountain Rescue Services in Czech Republic, what became as a good base for functioning of organisation at present. It can be said that members of Mountain Rescue Services are ready and equipped to provide rescue under all conditions. On the other hand provided services could be more supported by law and utilized in term of Integrated Rescue System. Keywords: First aid, Cynology, Avalanche, Mountaineering, Integrated Rescue System
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Localization of RF transmiter
Mikuláštík, Jiří ; Burian, František (referee) ; Kopečný, Lukáš (advisor)
The thesis deal with possibility of localization of avalanche victims. Main focus is for RF avalanche beacons. The major objects of this thesis are design and construction of this device. A large part of thesis describes design of avalanche beacon and particular steps of realization. The design take into account the compatibility with commercial beacons. The paramters of designed device are verified by testing and measurement.
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The risk of avalanches and rescue operations
Šimčíková, Jana ; Mika, Otakar Jiří (referee) ; Hudec, František (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the risk of avalanches and rescue operations. The risk of avalanches, avalanche occurances, snowpack and snow layers are introduced. Thereafter preventative measures to mitigate the risk of avalanches with tests of hardness and stability of snowpack are described. Also covered is the monitoring and forecasting of risk of avalanches and avalanche danger rating. Information about avalanche rescue is listed in the conclusion.
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