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Využití imsetů při učení bayesovských sítí
Vomlel, Jiří ; Studený, Milan
This paper describes a modification of the greedy equivalence search (GES) algorithm. The presented modification is based on the algebraic approach to learning. The states of the search space are standard imsets. Each standard imset represents an equivalence class of Bayesian networks. For a given quality criterion the database is represented by the respective data imset. This allows a very simple update of a given quality criterion since the moves between states are represented by differential imsets. We exploit a direct characterization of lower and upper inclusion neighborhood, which allows an efficient search for the best structure in the inclusion neighborhood. The algorithm was implemented in R and is freely available.
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Noisy-or classifier
Vomlel, Jiří
We discuss application of the noisy-or model to classification with large number of attributes. An example of such a task is categorization of text documents, where attributes are single words from the documents.
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Hmotnostní a energetické toky v souvislostech podnikového environmentálního účetnictví
Farský, M. ; Neruda, M. ; Neruda, Roman
During the implementation of an environmental accounting system in a company, one of the most important pieces of information to obtain is a detailed understanding about material flows (raw materials, semi-finished products, final products and wastes) and flows of different types of energy inputs (buying, selling and wastage) when thinking about the consequences on the company. The authors, in the article: 1) study the question of the quantification of the flows, and the accuracy of their measurement, 2) provide an environmental accounting statement, with help of standards and indices, statistical trends analysis.
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Artificial intelligence with regards to relations among mind, body and machine
Farská, Kateřina ; Sigmund, Tomáš (advisor) ; Brixí, Radim (referee)
This thesis is dealing with relation between man and machine in terms of mind, life and body with regards to artificial intelligence. The first part of the work focuses on explanation of the historical preconditions for the emergence of artificial intelligence. A very important milestone can be found in separation of mind and body in Descartes' dualistic approach. Cartesian dualism highlighted the mind-body problem, which even nowadays is being inflected in connections with artificial intelligence. Newtonian mechanics, which is built on the Descartes' thoughts, applied the idea of the world as a mechanical machine which ultimately led to the fact that the human body began to be understood as a machine. This creates space for thoughts about constructing an artificial being -- thinking machine. Artificial intelligence is being confronted with the relationship between man and machine. In the second part of the work an analysis of the differences and congruencies between these two entities will be made -- with regards to the concepts such as machine, life, natural, artificial, mental state, mind, consciousness, body. The findings will be compared and the nature of the relationship between man and machine will be carried out accordingly to them. The last part of the work will investigate how the findings of the relationship between man and machine, mind and body are being applied in different approaches of artificial intelligence. Particularly, a detailed analysis of computer functionalism will be made. This traditional concept of artificial intelligence is based on the assumption of algorithmical nature of mind that can be modeled using symbolic representations. The analysis will be complemented by alternative approaches in artificial intelligence -- connectionism and enaction-based artificial intelligence. All the three approaches will be evaluated accordingly to the findings made in the previous part of the work. The purpose of this work is to highlight the importance of the relationship between man and machine, mind and body with regards to artificial intelligence and the further development and direction of this discipline. The work will track the line of Cartesian-Newtonian thinking in the context of the issue. The potentialities and limitations of this paradigm, dualistic and materialistic (mechanistic) approach will be pointed out. In this work, the method of summarization and compilation, based on presenting the relevant information and explanation of their relations and context, was chosen.
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Meaning of cognitive processes for creating artificial intelligence
Smutný, Zdeněk ; Pstružina, Karel (advisor) ; Kelemen, Jozef (referee)
This diploma thesis brings an integral view at cognitive processes connected with artificial intelligence systems, and makes a comparison with the processes observed in nature, including human being. A historical background helps us to look at the whole issue from a certain point of view. The main axis of interest comes after the historical overview and includes the following: environment -- stimulations -- processing -- reflection in the cognitive system -- reaction to stimulation; I balance the approach and the limited potential of the human being against the machine (or artificial intelligence). In the last part, there are introduced two projects that have been already implemented in the inteligent transport systems, and their potential for the further expansion and development is shown here. The main emphasis is placed on the coherence between each part of this thesis and cognitive processes, and on the relation and the mutual dependence of these processes.
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