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Nuclear transport: its regulation and role in plant cells
Bokvaj, Pavel ; Fišerová, Jindřiška (referee) ; Schwarzerová, Kateřina (advisor)
The nucleocytoplasmic transport represents a crucial checkpoint of all signal pathways leading to the gene expression, the cell cycle maintenance, and RNA export processes. It is mediated by nuclear pore complexes (NPC) anchored in double nuclear membrane. The NPC structure and the basic architecture of the transport regulations are evolutionarily highly conserved across eukaryotic kingdoms; however, some significant differences and specifics exist in plants. In this thesis, I describe the contemporary level of our knowledge of the nucleocytoplasmic transport regulation and its actors in animalia generally and in planta in detail.
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Ovlivnění odpovědi rostlin na teplotní stres modulovanými hladinami cytokininů - fenomická a protemická analýza
Vícha, Daniel
Cytokinins are important group of phytohormones regulating many physiological processes ranging from cell division to programmed cell death. This thesis is focused on effects of cytokinin levels in response to heat stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of transgenic plants with regulated expression of ipt and HvCKX showed that cytokinins and their optimal levels play important role in the morphological alterations induced by heat stress. Seedlings with increased and decreased levels of cytokinins exhibit inhibition of petioles growth, decreased length of blades of true leaves and reduced leaf area. To obtain insights into molecular events underlying early response to heat stress LC-MS analysis of whole proteom was performed. Analysis revealed 57 differentialy regulated proteins in response to heat stress in Columbia ecotype. On the cellular level, most of the proteins were located in cytosol (47 %) nebo plastids (32 %). Coparative analysis between wild-type seedlings and seedlings with decreased level of cytokinins confirmed 31 proteinInfluencing plant responses to temperature stress modulating cytokinin levels - fenomic and proteomic analysiss regulated by cytokinins in response to heat stress. Among these proteins, desarurase 7 and Tudor SN1 protein were previously found as important factors in response to heat stress.
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Techniques for Comparing Biological Sequences
Sladký, Roman ; Křivka, Zbyněk (referee) ; Burgetová, Ivana (advisor)
This work presents the building up of basic biological units DNA, RNA and proteins as well as their function. Provided data are kept in biological databases which are connected worldwide to supply preferable communication along with all kinds of available information to be used in the scientific research. The secret of alive is hidden in genes coded in sequences of nucleotides. Genes enable the creation of proteins which are made of sequences of amino-acids. The wide-spread methods of comparing these sequences are FASTA and BLAST algorithms. Their base is used for the PSProt program which is described in this work. PSProt program is the tool for comparing the sequences of proteins. First it is necessary to synthesise the protein from the DNA oligonucleotide because it codes the surveyed protein. The most similar proteins are searched out by heuristic of hitpoints, then their final score that is essential for aligning is modified by semiglobal alignment algorithm.
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Tvorba konstruktů pro studium funkce DRM1 u Arabidopsis thaliana
Veselá, Petra
The aim of the study called Creating of constructs for study of function DRM1 in Arabidopsis thaliana was to create a construct harbouring the gene of interest DRM1 (dormancy-associated protein), and other components necessary for successful transgenosis, by which will be transformed Arabidopsis thaliana plants in order to study the function of this gene in the plant organism. DRM1 function has not been identified yet, but the gene was annotated as putative dormancy-associated protein. The final gene cassette, containing DRM1 gene under promoter for the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), was inserted into the vector pGreen II giving the recombinant plasmid pWell17A whose completeness was verified by restriction analysis. The Rubisco promoter ensure DRM1 gene overexpression in transgenic plants and on the basis of this overexpression is determined DRM1 gene function.
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Vliv strigolaktonu na větvení kořenů u rostlin huseníčku rolního
Macoszek, Ondřej
In this bachelor study the influence of the concentration of GR24, the synthetic analogue of strigolactone, on the length of the primary root of different ecotypes of Arabidopsis plants was studied. Six ecotypes of A. thaliana were chosen and the experiment was performed at the Gregor Mendel Institute in Vienna in the laboratory of Dr. Wolfgang Busch. The used GR24 concentrations ranged from 12.5 nM to 50 microM. It was known from previous work (Ruyter and Spira 2010, Kol-tai 2011, Vacková 2013) that GR24 influences the root architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana, but the results differed. From the experimental results it is clear that the influence of GR24 on the primary root length depends on the individual plant genotype, but generally it is possible to suggest that low strigolactone concentrations cause inhibition, subsequently higher stimulation of the primary root length and finally concentration above 10 microM are highly inhibitory in all genotypes. Based on the results the concentration of 100 nM was chosen for the subsequent Genome wide association study (GWAS).
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