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Preparation and characterization of chicken antibodies against pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
Vodecký, Matúš ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Dračínská, Helena (referee)
The increase of infections caused by yeast pathogens is an alarming global public health problem. People with compromised immune systems, such as after infection with human immunodeficiency virus or diabetes mellitus, are most at risk. Diagnosis is often inadequate, and treatment relies on a limited selection of antifungal drugs, to which resistance is also increasing. These aspects represent a major problem, as second-choice drugs, which may have toxic side effects (e.g., nephrotoxicity in the case of amphotericin B), must then be applied to resistant pathogens. Given the severity of yeast infections, scientists are trying to find new ways of protection against these pathogens. One option is passive immunotherapy. In this bachelor thesis, antibodies from hen's eggs were chosen for this purpose, as they have the potential for wide therapeutic use. The preparation of hen's egg yolk IgY antibodies is both ethically and economically acceptable. Moreover, egg yolk antibodies show relatively high stability. Polyclonal antibodies were isolated from eggs of hens immunized with either cell wall or whole C. albicans cells in a medium simulating the vaginal environment (VSF). Antibody reactivity was tested by ELISA. The cell walls of C. albicans in VSF medium or YPD medium were used as antigen. The results...
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Preparation and characterisation of antibodies against cytochrome P450 1A1
Vlasáková, Kateřina ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Mácová, Iva (referee)
Cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in the Czech Republic. The malignant transformations of the tumour cells are thought to be caused by formation of DNA adducts or by reactive forms of oxygen. One of groups of enzymes, that catalyse the formation of these carcinogenic compounds, are cytochromes P450, for example the type CYP1A1 or CYP1A2. Recently, chemopreventive food supplements that should decrease the risk of cancer have become very popular. However, overusing of these supplements can induce CYP and increase the risk of cancer. Due to CYP proteins cognition could be the pharmacotherapy more efficient. Suitable tool for the study of CYP proteins is "immunoblotting", which utilizes specific bound between an antigen and an antibody. The chicken anti-peptide antibodies were used for this purpose. The goal of this experiment was to obtain chicken anti-peptide antibodies, using a peptide based on the sequence of rat CYP1A1. The chicken antibodies can be used in further research. (In Czech) Keywords: Yolk antibodies, peptide antigen, ELISA, Western blot
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Nosková, Libuše (referee)
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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The effect of IgY on bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells ex vivo
Vašková, Lucie
0 Abstract Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in CFTR gene coding for a chloride channel in apical membrane of epithelial cells. This disorder leads to the change in ion transport causing the increase in mucus viscosity in airways as well as changes in glycosylation of saccharide structures on the cells. Because of that these cells are the target for bacterial adhesion. Chronic bacterial infections, which lead to gradual decline of lung function and damage of lung tissue, are the major cause of death of patients suffering with cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing chronic infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This bacterium produces a biofilm protecting them from host immune system and antibiotics. Once the colonization with PA occurs, it is difficult to get rid of this pathogen. The prophylactic treatment with orally administered hen antibodies against the PA virulence structures could be a prevention of chronic PA infections. In this work we tested the antibody against the bacterial lectin PA-IIL, which is suggested to be involved in the adhesion of the pathogen on epithelial cells. First, it was verified that the prepared antibody from egg yolks of a hen immunized with the bacterial lectin PA-IIL recognizes this antigen expressed...
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Study of bacterial adherence on lung epithelia of Cystic fibrosis patients
Vašková, Lucie ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Nosková, Libuše (referee)
A b stra ct C ystic fibrosis is an autosom alrecessive disease that is one of the m ost com m on hereditary disorders. T he disease is caused by the m utation in the gene encoding C F T R chloride channe l w hich leads to the failure of ion transportand a significant increase in viscosity o f m ucus,affecting especially the respiratory system .T he increase of saltand the presence of thick m ucus in the lungs suppress the antibacterialeffects of the im m une system .B acterial infections are the m ost com m on cause of death in patients w ith C F, especially the P seudom onas aerugino sa infection. A ntibiotics are used for treatm ent of the infection by this pathogen,butthe treatm ent is frequently com plicated by developing resistance.D ue to this fact, new w ays of treatm ent have been searched for. T he m ethod of passive im m unization of patients w ith yolk IgY antibodies seem s to be prom ising. T o exam ine the effect of these antibodies in in vivo m odel system , lung epithelial cells of a healthy subject (N uL i-1) and of a C F patient (C uF i-1) w ere exposed to 3 strains of P seudom onas aerugino sa. A ntibodies against the lectin of P seudom onas aerugino sa P A - IIL , w hich is an im portant adhesion structure of this bacterium , prepared from tw o im m unized anim als w ere com pared. T o...
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Preparation and characterisation of antibodies against cytochrome P450 1A1
Vlasáková, Kateřina ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Mácová, Iva (referee)
Cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in the Czech Republic. The malignant transformations of the tumour cells are thought to be caused by formation of DNA adducts or by reactive forms of oxygen. One of groups of enzymes, that catalyse the formation of these carcinogenic compounds, are cytochromes P450, for example the type CYP1A1 or CYP1A2. Recently, chemopreventive food supplements that should decrease the risk of cancer have become very popular. However, overusing of these supplements can induce CYP and increase the risk of cancer. Due to CYP proteins cognition could be the pharmacotherapy more efficient. Suitable tool for the study of CYP proteins is "immunoblotting", which utilizes specific bound between an antigen and an antibody. The chicken anti-peptide antibodies were used for this purpose. The goal of this experiment was to obtain chicken anti-peptide antibodies, using a peptide based on the sequence of rat CYP1A1. The chicken antibodies can be used in further research. (In Czech) Keywords: Yolk antibodies, peptide antigen, ELISA, Western blot
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