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Využití humátů v kombinaci s bórem ve výživě řepky ozimé
Rzymanek, Jakub
The aim of the thesis was to assess the effect of foliar application of boron (B) together with humate on yield and oil content of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). For this purpose, a one-year field trial was evaluated. In this trial two different fertilizers containing boron were used. These fertilizers were applied both without and in combination with humate. In each treatment, a total of 300 g of B/ha (in the form of borethanolamine) and humate in a dose of 2 l/ha were applied. In one variant, humate without boron was used, in a total dose of 2 l/ha. The average of two unfertilized control treatments was used for comparison. A significant effect of boron used with humate on the yield of winter rape was reached (highest gain by 7.93%) in comparison to the control. A positive effect on seed yield was also reached by application of boron without humate in B2 treatment (+ 6.83%), which was significant compared to the control and compared to the B1 treatment too. Significant yield effect (+ 2.55%) in comparison to the control was reached also by application of humate without boron. A very small effect of boron fertilization on oil content was found. The highest oil content was reached by the separate use of humate (+ 1.19%). The treatments were also evaluated in terms of economic efficiency. Based on the results of yield obtained and economic efficiency of treatments, the B1 + NF treatment was chosen as the best one.
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Environmental assessment of the Czech Republic based on Water Footprint
Žlábková, Jana ; Hák, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vačkář, David (referee)
This dissertation sets its goal in application of the water footprint indicator, which is a practical and multi-layered indicator of water sources consumption. Of human activities, agriculture presents the most significant demands on water sources consumption. Therefore I have turned my focus to the widely-discussed issue of biofuels production, because the input materials for production of this kind of energy are agricultural crops (in the Czech republic those are: oilseed rape, sugar beet, Indian corn and winter wheat). The calculated results of water footprints of the selected industrial crops (m3 /t) and of water footprints of the heating value units of that crops (m3 /GJ) offer us a concrete notion of energy requirements of water of that chosen industrial crops in the conditions of the Czech republic. Keywords: water footprint indicator, biofuels, oilseed rape, water consumption, biodiesel, bioethanol, evapotranspiration.
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Rezistence blýskáčka řepkového (Meligethes aeneus, Fabr. 1775) k insekticidům
Jetmarová, Zuzana
The aim of this thesis was to find the current occurrence of resistant sub-population of pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus Fabricius, 1775) to the selected species active ingredients and the preparation. Adults of pollen beetles were collected from commonly used fields of oilseed rape plants at the time of the first process of flowering until the end of the entire flowering process. The sample collection was carried out during years 2012 and 2013 in twenty locations in the Czech Republic. The Levels of resistance were assessed in a laboratory test called Adult-vial- Test according to official methods used by the International Resistance Action Committee (IRAC). The first part of this thesis describes the biology of pollen beetles. It also describes other pests found on the oilseed rape plant. It further explains the basic concepts and summarizes the occurrence of resistant sub-populations of Pollen beetle in the Czech Republic and other European countries. The second part of this thesis constitutes the practical aspect of the research where there is testing of the resistance of sub-populations of pollen beetles on used active ingredients and the preparation of Biscaya 240 OD.
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Changes of rapeseed (\kur{Brassica napus} L.) cultivar composition during breeding of this crop
LHOTA, Jiří
The work maps the development of oilseed rape (\kur{Brassica napus} L.) breeding in terms of changes in the varietal composition. Changes in the variety composition mainly concern the setting of breeding work to reduce the content of undesirable fatty acids (erucic acid) and antinutritive substances (glucosinolates) in rapeseed. There are also hybrid varieties that have prevailed over linear varieties in recent years due to higher yield potential. Furthermore, the work presents the benefits of breeding work by transgenic varieties that have increased resistance to pathogens, pests and varieties tolerant to herbicides. The work is also focused on yield parameters such as seed yield and oil content. Due to the worldwide importance of this crop, the history of cultivation is mentioned both in the Czech Republic and abroad.
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Vývoj a rozmístění pěstování a produkce řepky olejky ve světě
KUČEROVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis deals with oilseed rape - distribution of its production according to the countries of the world, NUTS EU regions and also distribution of its sowing areas in districts of the Czech Republic. It also deals with the development of oilseed rape production in the countries of the world (between 1961 and 2017), in the NUTS EU (2000-2017) and in the districts of the Czech Republic (1990-2019). The data sources are Faostat, Eurostat and Agrocenzus. The data are processed in the form of tables, development charts and especially cartographic products - cartodiagrams, cartograms of development and maps of localized points. Oilseed rape production in the world continues to grow. Canada is the largest producer, follows China and India, but the largest Production comes from the EU (mainly France, Germany and Poland), where it is concentrated in the central part of the European temperate zone. In the Czech Republic, oilseed rape is grown almost throughout the territory, except for mountain border areas, extensive agglomerations and other non-agricultural spaces.
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Optimisation of rapeseed in vitro cultures used for CRISPR/Cas9 technology
HARENČÁK, Jan
Plant transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria (Rhizobium radiobacter, according to new nomenclature) is widely used method for plant genome editing. However, different oilseed rape varieties do not always have the same in vitro regeneration capacity, which is crucial for transformation. This work aims to optimize regeneration protocol for selected varieties of oilseed rape. Of the six varieties tested, only two regenerated successfully - Arabella and Obelix. The created protocol can be used for regeneration without transformation, but it is also possible to implement specific steps in it that enable transformation using A. tumefaciens.
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Effect of different soil preparation on yield parameters of winter oilseed rape
TOMÁŠEK, Václav
This thesis deals with the issue of growing oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) with using various technology of tillage. It is divided into two main parts. The first part includes literary overview witch deals with basic information about oilseed rape ant than with overview about technology of tillage. The main part of thesis is evaluation result of two years small-plot experiment from 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. This experiment was founded on the lands of Agricultural Farm VETO s. r. o. in the village Veselíčko near the city Písek. To the experiment was integrate four varieties. It was Mazari CS, Atora, PT234 and PX113. Each variety was sown in three kinf od variants of tillage. Variant with shallow tilage, variant with plowing and variant with deep tillage. All sown variant were repeated in four times. In the experiment was monitored influence of tillage to rapeseed yield, and also some yield elements like weight of thousand seeds, percentage of oil, number of fplants per square meter and number of pods per plant and root neck thickness. Higher yields were achived in 2018 when the average yield of all lands was 5,63 t/ha which in 2019 dropped to 3,80 t/ha. Influence of tillage on seed yield was worse in 2019 because this year had less precipitation. In this year was the best option with deep tillage. In conclusion, we can say deep tillage has positive effect, especially in drier years.
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Optimalizace ochrany řepky vůči škůdcům
Vykydalová, Lucie
This thesis deals with rape and the possibilities of its protection against pests. The most important pests of this crop include rape stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus napi, Gyllenhal 1837), rape beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus Fabricius, 1775 Meligethes aeneus) and brassica pod midge (Dasineura napi, Loew 1850). In the practical part of the dissertation, 26 variants of application sequences of insecticides were evaluated. The first and last variant was taken as a control and therefore not treated with any insecticide. Insecticides were applied on the basis of pest control. In each variant, an insecticide was first applied, which was primarily intended for rape stem weevil (Ceutonhynchus napi, Gyllenhal 1837). The second insecticide was focused on rape beetles (Brassicogethes aeneus Fabricius, 1775, Meligethes aeneus). The third application of the insecticide was determined for the brassica pod midge (Dasineura napi Loew, 1850). The results were evaluated and entered into tables and subsequently statistically processed using Statistica 12. The aim of this work was to evaluate the most effective sequence of three insecticides against the main rapeseed pests. The view was also taken on an anti-resilient strategy in which insecticides having the same active substance should not be applied.
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Srovnání působení granulovaných vápenatých hmot aplikovaných k řepce ozimé
Petrucha, Jan
This bachelor thesis focuses on the assessment of the influence of granular calcium matter applied to winter rape and its influence on exchangeable soil reaction, yield and oiliness of rape seed. The one-year field trial was based on two different localities, namely Vatín near Žďár nad Sázavou (560 m above sea level) and Žabčice (184 m above sea level). The following variants were included in the experiment: 1. Dolomite granulated, 2. Limestone granulated, 3. Dolokorn, 4. FERTI MK, 5. PhysioMax 975. The fertilizers were applied in autumn of the fourth leaf at a dose of 300 kg/ha and their influence on the exchange soil reaction, yield and oiliness of the seeds was monitored. The scaling was done in the autumn, and the effect of the applied granular calcium compounds was observed at two depths of 0 - 10 cm and 10 - 20 cm. As a result of liming, the soil reaction was higher in both localities than in the soil samples taken before liming. In a depth of 0 - 10 cm, the fertilizer FERTI MK in Žabčice showed the greatest effect and the Dolomite in a depth of 0 - 20 cm. The fertilizer PhysioMax 975 and Limestone worked the best in a depth of 0 - 10 and FERTI MK in a depth of 10 - 20 in Vatín. The yield was most affected in Žabčice by the Dolokorn fertilizer, the Limestone had increased the yield the most in Vatín. From the results of oiliness it can be said that it have been significantly higher in Žabčice than in Vatín.
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Pěstování energetických plodin v České republice
Kozmanová, Lucie
The presented work deals with methods of a cultivating and utilizing of bioenergy crops in the Czech republic. By a model bioenergy crop, a rape seed, there are described its agrotechnical requirements, the way of a harvest and an post-harvest modifications of this crop. After summary of crops, there is a financial side of the cultivating of the rape seed in specific area of South Moravia. In a conclusion, there is comparison of two different technologies of rape sowing, their pros and cons and comparison of yields.
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