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Francisco José Tenreiro and the Independence of Saint Thomas and Prince Island
Zeman, Jakub ; Grauová, Šárka (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
Francisco José Tenreiro and the Independence of São Tomé and Príncipe The aim of this thesis is to explore the multifaceted figure of the poet, geographer, university professor, co-founder of the Centre of African Studies in Lisbon and deputy in the National Assembly of Portugal, Francisco José Tenreiro (1921-1963). In this case, the research is not focused only on the aspect of literature but also on the historical and cultural context, including the era of Harlem Negro Renaissance in the United States, the dawn of the Negritude movement in France and, above all, the problematic period of Salazar's dictatorship (The New State) in Portugal. As F. J. Tenreiro is considered one of the most significant figures originating in São Tomé and Príncipe, special attention is paid to one of the most tragic moments in the modern history of Portugal, known as the Massacre in Batepá, which occurred on the island of São Tomé in February 1953 during the administration of the governor Carlos de Sousa Gorgulho, causing hundreds of deaths and prefigurating the collapse of the Portuguese colonial empire. While the other prominent Portuguese-speaking African intellectuals and nationalists of that period, such as Alda Graça do Espírito Santo, Agostinho Neto and Mário Pinto de Andrade, criticised the act of violence and...
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Variability of the IRES elements of the hepatatis C virus
Zeman, Jakub ; Vopálenský, Václav (advisor) ; Španielová, Hana (referee)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has an internal ribosomal binding site (IRES) located near the 5ʹ end of its genome. The HCV IRES is capable of direct binding to the 40S small ribosomal unit and eukaryotic initiation factor eIF3, and can initiate translation after the assembly of the whole 80S ribosome. Various molecular types can act as IRES inhibitors. Small molecule compounds seem to be the most promising agent for use in the clinic. The main objective of the thesis was to develop a system for searching for small molecule compound inhibitors of HCV IRES in a library of chemical compounds. Several variants of vector carrying bicistronic cassettes were prepared. After validating their functionality by transient transfection of mammalian cell cultures, mammalian stable cell lines were established. These stable cell lines will allow for automatization of the search for small molecule compound inhibitors of HCV IRES. Our second objective was to study the variability of HCV IRES sequences in patient samples. The samples were analysed by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). Select specimen were sequenced, cloned into a vector with bicistronic cassette and analysed by flow cytometry. In this was we evaluated the effect of specific mutations in the HCV IRES sequence on the level of IRES dependent...
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Authoritarian regime in Czechoslovakia in 1968
Zeman, Jakub ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Goal of this thesis is to find, if Czechoslovakia in 1968, in the time of so called Prague Spring, could be defined as authoritarian regime. Typological theory of authoritarian regimes by Juan J. Linz is used. Thesis used comparative method for researching similar aspects of functionality of state machinery with aspects of Linz's theory of authoritarian regimes. Main point of interest is limited pluralism, which is most important for verification of Linz's theory in time of Prague Spring.
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Novel hepatitis C virus proteins
Zeman, Jakub ; Vopálenský, Václav (advisor) ; Horníková, Lenka (referee)
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major etiological agent of chronic liver diseases. More than 170 million people worldwide are chronically infected, and more than 100 thousand of them develop hepatocellular carcinoma a year. HCV is an enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus (+ssRNA virus) of the family Flaviviridae. Its genome is translated to produce a single polyprotein precursor that is further processed by cellular and viral proteases to form 10 viral proteins. Moreover, there is another protein encoded in an alternative reading frame. Two alternative translation mechanisms have been proposed for expression of this alternative reading frame protein (ARFP): a frameshift mechanism and translation initiating from internal start codons. Despite ten years of research its role in vivo is not yet explained. It appears that secondary structures in the core encoding region of HCV genome but not ARFP expression are required for robust viral translation and replication. The results of recent studies suggest that mutations distorting these structures may result not only in slowing down the viral cycle but also in a brand new and utterly unusual serological profile in patients as well as an increased level of expression of ARFP.
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Protection of the young plantation against the game browsing with use of sheep flees form meat breed and flees breed in area of Železné hory area
Ješátko, Jiří ; Nakládal, Oto (advisor) ; Zeman, Jakub (referee)
This Bachelor paper compares and evaluates the effectiveness of a mechanical protection of forest crops against game browsing by means of using wool from meat-sheep and dairy-sheep breeds. Twenty-one sites were chosen in the Bojanov municipal forest for the use of different types of sheep wool against game browsing. The local growth is dominated by young spruce, with only 10% of other species. Six of these sites were treated with meat-sheep wool, six others with dairy-sheep wool, and the remaining nine sites were treated with both types combined. The primary criterion for evaluation was the damage, through browsing, to the terminal shoot. The extent of the damaged spruce growth in individual localities was regularly monitored in monthly intervals and recorded in a table. Consequently, the data were analyzed and the effectiveness of individual wool types determined through the use of the goodness of fit test. The overall damage caused in the sites treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool was 1.58 % and 1.77 %, respectively. When applied to the comparison of damage caused in areas treated with meat-sheep and dairy-sheep wool, the goodness of fit test revealed negligible differences, which made it impossible to determine which of the two types of wool is more effective. The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with both types of wool combined (n=187; chi2=0.37; p=0.53). The quantity of damaged crops in sites treated with meat-sheep wool or dairy-sheep wool only (n=46; chi2=0.15; p=0.69).
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3D scanning of glossy surfaces
Zeman, Jakub ; Zatočilová, Aneta (referee) ; Koutecký, Tomáš (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to experimentally determine the impact of different concentrations of titanium matte coating on the properties of matte film covering glossy surface intended for 3D scanning. Theoretical part of the thesis contains brief introduction to the 3D digitization of real objects as well as more detailed description of the particular scanning method used in this thesis and summary of possible digitizing errors and existing knowledge about matte coatings. The practical part composes of applying the titanium matte coating on specimens using automated coating device thus maintaining the exact same conditions for all concentrations. Following measurement of specimens using 3D scanner and optical profilometer results in determining the optimal concentration of titanium coating providing the best properties of the matte film.
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The concept of man in economics
Zeman, Jakub ; Sirůček, Pavel (advisor) ; Džbánková, Zuzana (referee)
The thesis discusses the concept of man in the standard economic thinking. It focuses on a critical evaluation of the selected fundamentals. It presents some possible alternative views which show deficiencies in axiomatics of the main currents of economic modeling. Emphasizing the interdisciplinary connections of knowledge about human thought and behavior the thesis is trying to suggest some directions for further development in the approach to human beings in economics to better reflect their defining natural characteristics. It also mentions some of the manifestations of these characteristics, which can be obtained by drawing on the knowledge of psychology, behavioral economics, neuroeconomics and other disciplines and which are inconsistent with standard models, because they lead to errors and irrationality, implicitly produce bounded rationality or attribute the constitutive importance during the formation of thought to completely different elements. In conclusion, the thesis passes to reflect the position of irrationality in the inner world of human's brain and also in the outside world - the economy.
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The current global ethical challenges in antropo and intersocial plane
Zeman, Jakub ; Džbánková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Sirůček, Pavel (referee)
This work deals with the creation of value-ethical base in western civilization, which is determined by the exponential development in the field of science and technology, economy and society. This brings new characteristics and requirements for streamlining existence of each individual. Despite the definition of critical spheres in the life of man influenced by such turbulent changes passes work on the analysis of indidvidual integration into surrounding reality, and finally gets to the very creation of ethical standards, their sources and search capabilities to the positive changes in this field.
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