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Specific theories of private property in the economic thought of XIX century: the Manifesto of the Communist Party versus Rerum Novarum
Šárková, Kristýna ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis compares the Catholic and Marxist understanding of private property as expressed in Rerum Novarum and the Manifesto of the Communist Party. The situation of the lowest class had demeaned during the 19th century to such a level that a large part of society had to face an existential crisis. A continually decreasing wage, alarming working conditions, the non-existence of social security and a high unemployment rate were characteristic for the 19th century. With the rise of mechanical production women and children started playing an active part in the working process, thus escalating the competition on the labour market. Karl Marx's solution written down in the Manifesto was based on abolishing private property and allocating it under collective keeping. On the contrary, the Catholic Church insisted on maintaining private property and emphasized solidarity among social classes. The Church's reaction to the condition of the lowest class and the growing support of communism in Europe was formulated in the first social encyclical Rerum Novarum. The thesis compares both views involved through describing the historical background and understanding of property. The rest of the work deals with a more detailed analysis of the Catholic point of view, followed by a discussion of the application and...
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Education and crime - the economic view
Šipkovská, Silvie ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Adam, Tomáš (referee)
In her thesis, the author addresses the relationship between education and selected types of crime (economic, property and violent crime) in the context of the national economy. The aim of the thesis is to show that the relationship between crime and education is much more complex than it may appear on the basis of current findings and observations and that, besides education, the criminal career of an offender is also significantly influenced by his/her family background and, therefore, it is appropriate to include this factor into the analysis. The analytical section of the thesis is divided into two separate parts. The first part, which deals with the phenomenon of crime in general, describes the dependency of individual crime types, education and family background by means of tables and diagrams showing percentages of individual variables and using contingency tables and correlation tables. The analysis confirms that there is a significant relationship between crime and the combination of education and family background. This hypothesis, however, manifests itself only in respect of certain types of family background, namely the backgrounds described as "working class" and "intelligentsia". The second part is devoted to recidivism as a particularly negative phenomenon -58% of offenders in the analysed...
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Specific theories of private property in the economic thought of XIX century: the Manifesto of the Communist Party versus Rerum Novarum
Šárková, Kristýna ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis compares the Catholic and Marxist understanding of private property as expressed in Rerum Novarum and the Manifesto of the Communist Party. The situation of the lowest class had demeaned during the 19th century to such a level that a large part of society had to face an existential crisis. A continually decreasing wage, alarming working conditions, the non-existence of social security and a high unemployment rate were characteristic for the 19th century. With the rise of mechanical production women and children started playing an active part in the working process, thus escalating the competition on the labour market. Karl Marx's solution written down in the Manifesto was based on abolishing private property and allocating it under collective keeping. On the contrary, the Catholic Church insisted on maintaining private property and emphasized solidarity among social classes. The Church's reaction to the condition of the lowest class and the growing support of communism in Europe was formulated in the first social encyclical Rerum Novarum. The thesis compares both views involved through describing the historical background and understanding of property. The rest of the work deals with a more detailed analysis of the Catholic point of view, followed by a discussion of the application and...
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Just Wages: A comparison between the views of traditional economic theory and the Catholic Social Doctrine
Bořil, Tomáš ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Báťa, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with comparing the views of the main economic stream (represented mainly by the neo-classical) with Catholic social teaching on the issue of just wages. In Catholic social teaching, this matter is explicitly analyzed in contrast to the neoclassical theory which omits it. For this reason, in order to compare views of those two different schools of thought, the work focuses on the relationship of normative and positivist science, the hidden assumptions of neoclassical theory that concern the individual and the concept of work, her understanding of justice with regard to distribution, and the theory of minimum wages. Further work analyzes the paradigms and principles of Catholic social teachings related to just wages, which are rooted in the teachings of Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas. This study examines the compatibility and difference in the two schools of thought not only in respect to the issue of just wages, but also juxtaposes the roots of the various assumptions of both theories. Title: Just Wages: A comparison between the views of traditional economic theory and the Catholic Social Doctrine Author: Tomáš Bořil Author's e-mail: tobo[at]email[dot]cz Supervisor: PhDr. Tomáš Vyhnánek Academic year: 2010/2011 JEL Classification: D630, D310, E240 Keywords: Just wage, Catholic...
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Attractiveness of foreign direct investment in Ukraine
Shepel, Nataliia ; Vyhnánek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vacek, Pavel (referee)
This thesis examines the investment climate and foreign direct investments' attractiveness in Ukraine. The theoretical approach for the explanation of foreign investors' decision-making is presented on the basis of the selected theories of transnational corporations. Descriptive and comparative analysis of the investment flows in Ukraine since its independence is made on the basis of statistical data from the National Statistics Committee and World Statistical Databases. Analysis of variables which I regarded to have a potential influence on foreign investors' decision-making in Ukraine was held. The econometric method of regression analysis was used to determine the significant factors among the chosen for the analysis.
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