|
|
Educational structure of the labour market
Ulrychová, Helena ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vybíralová, Ivana (referee)
Education is an important component of social and economic development and an essential factor that affects the classification of each individual in society. This diploma is focused on a connection of educational system and labour market. The theoretical part deals with educational system and the vision of educational policy which should reflect the social demands in the long term. The educational system is directly connected with the labour market. Graduates who come on the market to find their place are specific group. The supply is mainly based on achieved level of education and a field of study. Demand for their skills is not often in accordance with the offer and endangers their chances of success. The objective of the diploma is to analyse regional labour market of graduates in the district of Nymburk. The survey between students and pupils of high schools in the region was an unnecessary part of its work. This survey should have shown motives of choice of studied subject and approach of future graduates in terms of searching for a very first and further jobs in their career.
|
|
|
Current social System in Austria
Pavlíková, Gabriela ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vybíralová, Ivana (referee)
The question of social systems is a topical issue today. In this thesis I consider the social system in Austria. The Austrian social system is very generously funded, but at the same time very carefully planned, and its social benefits are distributed in the same way. In the first part of my thesis I will deal with the historical development of the Austrian social system. In the next section, I focus on the functioning of the current social system, especially in crucial areas - pension, health and social insurance. I also describe the implemented reforms of the pension and health insurance. Austria, in respect of these reform measures, has made significant strides to maintain long-term financial sustainability of its pension and health system. The aim of this thesis is to determine whether it would be appropriate to implement the selected elements of the Austrian social system into the Czech social system. In my thesis I also look at the current manifestations of crisis of the social state, particularly demographic factors and the problem of legitimacy.
|
|
|
Importance of alternative punishmentins in Czech Republic
Punčochová, Tereza ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with subject of alternative punishments in the Czech Republic. It is primarily focused on punishment of the common beneficial work. The aim is to find out how the punishment works in practice in selected areas and whether the common beneficial works in the municipal office in Prague have some significance. In the introductory chapter I want to focus on general characteristics of alternative punishments. Another section is devoted to common beneficial works and their problems. In the third part I would like to introduce the institution of the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and show it`s expectations. This institution calls for greater application of alternative punishments. In the fourth chapter I will deal with the Prague City Hall and the information that the municipality provide. These figures I will compare with the data provided by the aforementioned institution.
|
|
|
Solidarity and equivalence in the Czech pension system
Staňková, Markéta ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vybíralová, Ivana (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with problems of pension insurance, which is characterized by strong income redistribution and low pension equivalence. The aim of my thesis is complex analysis of contemporary state of Czech pension system from the point of view of solidarity and equivalence principle application and to propose solution reinforcing equivalence principle. In the theoretical part of the theses I first define terms solidarity and equivalence, then introduce types of pension plans, possibilities of their financing and describe current pension system. Analytical part points to excessive solidarity of Czech pension system. Analysis covers both mandatory basic pension insurance (reduction limits, non-contributory periods), and additional pension insurance with state contributions. Analysis contains comparison with selected states. Thesis conclusion leads in proposal of adequate problem solution. Study employs methods of systemic analysis, comparison, and synthesis.
|
|
|
Children and old age security
Novák, Zdeněk ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vybíralová, Ivana (referee)
There have been a great deal of ways for old age security, who is expected and individual situation. Old age signify loss of income from economics activity. We can compare ways of securing for old age by their liquidity, rate of profit and diversification, but it is impossible to administratively determine composition of the optimal old age security portfolio, whereas administrative favoured one's way, entails limitation of the others. One of the oldest way of securing for old age is child care and enlinghtenment. The research pointed to existence disputation between theories of fertility development. These theories are attaching different importance to the particular biological, socioeconomic and cultural factors. Empirical research of fertility development and its factors in czech lands, represents pure administrative character of the pension insurance development. Spending on pension insurance and some other factors are influencing development of fertility. This influence is analyzed in years 1930- 2009. Analysis provides evidence of pension insurance influencing level of fertility significantly. Theories of fertility development often impeaching this influence. The work apply findings to the primary objectives for pension reform in Czech republic. This pension reform provides sustainable pension system position and possibility for individuals to set up their optimal old age security portfolio.
|
|
| |
|
|
The Development of Single-person Households after 1989 and Its Effects on Social Benefits
Zákostelecká, Eliška ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development of single households after 1989 and the effects it has on social expenses. Increasing number of single-person households reflects the growth in the level living and also some changes in opinions about the family. The loss of some significant functions of the family causes divergence from it. This trend is explicit among certain groups of young people called singles who postpone their reproductive age. The increase of single-person households is connected with some threats to the state and the whole society. These households are more threatened by poverty and, at least economically, more dependent on the state. The state tries to ensure them the same living conditions as the other families have. Many social benefits are modified in the interest of these households and they cause a positive discrimination therefore. In the light of social benefits, an individual is more costly than a person from a two person household. Besides, giving priority to living alone has a negative consequence to the future -- a denatality.
|
|
|
Analysis of employment of handicapped people in the Czech Republic
Andrlová, Lucie ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (referee)
The main topic of the bachelor thesis is employment of handicapped people in the Czech Republic, their possibilities to be fully accepted in the labor market. The goal of this thesis is to define the labor opportunities of disabled people and find out wheather the organisation helping those people succeed meets its goal. The introductory chapter will focus on general characteristics of people with disabilities and their possition in society and in the labor market. Next chapter presents the legislative framework of the issue from both points of view: employers and employees (especially by Act. No. 435/2004 Coll., on employment). In the analytical part of the thesis I will introduce The Endowment Fund for Promoting Employment of Handicapped Individuals. This institution is in charge of several projects trying to inform the public about the work of people with disabilities. In the last part I will target on one specific project of the Endowment Fund, I will do the research on the implementation of the objectives of the project and I will analyze its success. As a method of research I will use the direct interview with the initiators of the project and the questionnaire survey of all companies participating in the project.
|
|
|
Pension reform, as proposed by the present government CR
Straková, Kristýna ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
For many years has been pension reform widely discussed topic by governments of the Czech republic representatives. Its final form has been for many years unclear unclear and approval of individual points faced opposition as each political party had different view. First major change came with decision of Constitutional Court that current pension system proclaimed little merit. Another major change, the implementation of capital pillar, is planned for 2013. Experts agree that no ideal pension system exists. Furthermore, government had to compromise to reach version that can pass. Final version of the pension reform will inevitably lead to increase in budget deficit, by 22 billion in 2020, compared with situation of not reforming the pension system at all.
|
|
|
Solidarity and equivalence in social insurance system
Běloch, Petr ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vybíralová, Ivana (referee)
Solidarity and equivalence are basic principles on which is built not only social policy, but also the underlying structure of society as a whole. If the people's look at these principles doesn't correspond to their integration in social security systems, people find it as unjust and the social policy as illegitimate. It will be a task for new government elected in 2010 to solve long lasting problems derived from negative impacts of aging society together with more legitimate setting of solidarity and equivalence. This work analyzes income inequality in Czech Republic compared with other countries, follows the development of replacement rate of retirement pay to wage in time and in comparison with the level of previous income. The work compares the observed data with people's views on the pension system which are presented in the public opinion research. Next part compares two different approaches to solve the "pension crisis" -- the Swedish system of virtual accounts and the Chilean fully funded scheme -- and outlines a new pension system, which doesn't create explicit costs during transition from the current system, increases the involvement of merit principle, supresses excessive redistribution and thus constitutes a long-term sustainable system solution.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.