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Plant-soil feedback as a mechanism affect species diverzity of communities
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Plant-soil feedback is known as the interaction between plant and soil. There is the feedback, when plant affect soil during their roots and on the other side soil affect growth and development through the change of their biotic and abiotic conditions. The plant-soil feedback is important mechanism of affecting plants or their competitive plant species through the soil. In this thesis I would like to summarize the functioning of the plant-soil feedback and factors which influence the feedback, the effect of feedback on the species diversity of plant communities, role in secondary succession, invasion and during coexistence of different species. I would like to point out, in which cases this feedback was confirmed experimentally and which experimental methods are used in the study of plant-soil feedback.
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The importance of time, space and genotype for the intensity of plant-soil feedback
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Plant-soil feedback is an important mechanism in plant communities affecting their species composition. Understanding plant-soil feedback is crucial for describing the interactions between plant communities and their soil communities. The effects of plant-soil feedback can be positive, negative or neutral and because of these changes plants are either coexisting or competing. Plant-soil feedback is often studied within plant succession, plant invasion and plant dominance in a plant community. In these cases, the nature and strength of influence of each species is studied. Despite the large number of previous studies on plant-soil feedback, very little is known about the temporal and spatial changes of the intensity of plant-soil feedback and the intraspecific variability in plant-soil feedback. The aim of my work was to observe the temporal changes in the plant-soil feedback of a species growing in soil which was conditioned by the same or other plant species. Another goal was to explore spatial changes in plant-soil feedback. The last objective was to test differences in the intensity of plant-soil feedback among different genotypes of one species. The results of my work demonstrated that the intensity of intraspecific plant-soil feedback of Rorippa austriaca is negative and increases with...
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Role of Rnf207b in zebrafish hematopoiesis
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee)
Hematopoiesis is the process of proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells. Regulation of hematopoiesis is a complex process, which takes place on many different levels and is directed by many signals. RNF207 is one of the perspective genes chosen based on a screen in chicken model, where obtained data show its role in hematopoiesis. The aim of this work was to confirm the role of rnf207b as a new regulator of hematopoiesis in Danio rerio and to find out on which level of hematopoiesis is active. Danio rerio is an excellent model to study the function of genes in vivo, thanks to the easy manipulation of genetic expression and wide range of phenotypes during the development. To study the effect of rnf207b in hematopoiesis of Danio rerio we performed the knock-down of this gene by microinjection of morpholino oligonucleotides into one cell stage embryos. In these injected fish, we saw the effect in both thrombocyte and erythroid lineage, suggesting that rnf207b could be a regulator at the hierarchical level of progenitors or even more upstream. The results of developmental and tissue specific expression analysis then show that expression of rnf207b begins as early as 18 hpf, at the time of primitive hematopoiesis. Although rnf207b is expressed in the kidney (an...
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Anaemia disease models
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Stopka, Tomáš (referee)
Hematopoiesis is a process by which blood cells are generated. All vertebrates have two phases of hematopoiesis - primitive and definitive. The main purpose of primitive hematopoiesis is the production of red blood cells, which provide oxygenation to the developing embryo. Other blood cell lineages are established by definitive hematopoiesis. The main function of erythrocytes is oxygen transport to all tissues. When erythrocyte production is decreased or they are damaged due to the membrane, enzyme or hemoglobin impairment, the condition called anemia arises. Sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia are called hemoglobinopathies as they are caused by the damaged hemoglobin. Fanconi anemia is caused by mutations in one of 21 genes of Fanconi anemia pathway, which plays an essential role in DNA repair. Diamond Blackfan anemia is caused by mutations gene for ribosomal proteins. Human cells, Mus musculus, Gallus gallus, Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio seem to be good models for study of this diseases and they are also useful for achieving therapeutical goals.
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The importance of time, space and genotype for the intensity of plant-soil feedback
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Plant-soil feedback is an important mechanism in plant communities affecting their species composition. Understanding plant-soil feedback is crucial for describing the interactions between plant communities and their soil communities. The effects of plant-soil feedback can be positive, negative or neutral and because of these changes plants are either coexisting or competing. Plant-soil feedback is often studied within plant succession, plant invasion and plant dominance in a plant community. In these cases, the nature and strength of influence of each species is studied. Despite the large number of previous studies on plant-soil feedback, very little is known about the temporal and spatial changes of the intensity of plant-soil feedback and the intraspecific variability in plant-soil feedback. The aim of my work was to observe the temporal changes in the plant-soil feedback of a species growing in soil which was conditioned by the same or other plant species. Another goal was to explore spatial changes in plant-soil feedback. The last objective was to test differences in the intensity of plant-soil feedback among different genotypes of one species. The results of my work demonstrated that the intensity of intraspecific plant-soil feedback of Rorippa austriaca is negative and increases with...
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Study of factors influencing efficiency of Canabis sativa transformation
Širl, Marek ; Ovesná, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vondráková, Zuzana (referee)
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a multi-use crop, able to provide fibre celulose a hurds for industrial treatment seeds for oil preparation biomass for energy conversion and produces secondary metabolites useful for pharmaceutical application. For its resistence to stress ability to accumulate high concentration of heavy metals and low cultivations demands, it can also be used for phytoextractions. Current research is focused on establishment of cultivation protocol, which allows transformation of callus cultures, and their regeneration with high efficiency. In this thesis, several varieties of hemp were transferred to in vitro conditions and were tested for their ability to form callus. The best results were achieved using the hypocotyl segments in a nutrient medium supplemented with 1 mg/L of naphtylacetic acid and one of these two synthetic cytokinins 0,5 mg/L of thidiazuron or 5 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine. No significant difference in the use of these two cytokinins were observed. None of the explants on four different test media for regeneration of shoots were able to succesfully regenerate. Transformation of hemp was tested using two different methods. Transformed protoplasts from hemp leafs after agroinfiltration were isolated. This method turn out to be unsuitable for use with hemp due to its...
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Plant-soil feedback as a mechanism affect species diverzity of communities
Vondráková, Zuzana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Plant-soil feedback is known as the interaction between plant and soil. There is the feedback, when plant affect soil during their roots and on the other side soil affect growth and development through the change of their biotic and abiotic conditions. The plant-soil feedback is important mechanism of affecting plants or their competitive plant species through the soil. In this thesis I would like to summarize the functioning of the plant-soil feedback and factors which influence the feedback, the effect of feedback on the species diversity of plant communities, role in secondary succession, invasion and during coexistence of different species. I would like to point out, in which cases this feedback was confirmed experimentally and which experimental methods are used in the study of plant-soil feedback.
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Sustainable tourism development of Vysocina Region
Veselá, Markéta ; Macháček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráková, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of sustainable tourism development at the regional level. This phenomenon is elaborated on the example of Vysocina Region. To evaluate sustainability of its development, the potential of this touristic destination is researched regarding various areas, including key products. These are subjected to comparisons with recommendations of significant tourism organization for the purpose of assessing the sustainability of tourism. The diploma thesis also includes a comparison with other Czech regions experience as a touristic destination. Vysocina Region has favourable initial conditions for its sustainable development, especially regarding supply of key products, which include both environmentally friendly goods and cultural attractiveness contributing to the personal development of individuals and promoting intercultural tolerance. The main issue appears to be the spatial imbalance of its development in the region, caused mainly by the concentration of tourist activities to certain areas and low local initiative in the less attractive areas. The diploma thesis proposes a number of solutions, such as utilization of geocaching and products of gastroturism, supporting the foundation of local destination management organisations, promoting cycling tourism and the foundation of highly visited tourist destinations.
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The nursing process for children with ear disease
VONDRÁKOVÁ, Zuzana
Ear diseases in childhood are relatively frequent. Of these, the most affecting and threatening the children in infant, toddler and preschool age is an infection of the middle ear. Despite the increasing quality of healthcare and development of vaccines that contribute to a reduction of the number of children diagnosed with acute otitis media, occurrences of these inflammations are still frequent. Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms and as well as other diseases it requires specific treatment and care. Going through an inflammation of the middle ear is for the child an unpleasant and often very painful experience. This disease also brings its own risks in terms of complications. Although its course is mostly without complications and treatment is directed by a pediatrician, we are dealing with cases where it is necessary to hospitalize a child patient. This work in its theoretical part refers to the types of otitis media, prevention, risk factors and complications. It describes the diagnosis, treatment and care for a child with otitis media. It also deals with the awareness of parents, points to a nursing problems associated with inflammation of the middle ear and the specifics of child care. In the empirical part of this thesis, two objectives were set. The first objective was to map the state of awareness of parents about the risk factors and preventive measures to prevent otitis media. The second objective was to determine the incidence of the most common problems in nursing care for children with otitis media. Four research questions were set for these objectives and it was: How are parents being educated regarding risk factors that can lead to ear disease of children? How are parents being informed about preventive measures to prevent ear disease in children? How parents perceive education on inflammatory diseases of ears? What are the most common problems in nursing care for a child with inflammatory diseases of the ears? For the processing of the empirical part of the research it was chosen quantitative research. The survey was carried out using the methods of data collection through semi-structured interviews. It was designed for two nurses working in GP for children and adolescents and four nurses working in the pediatric department. Another research group consisted of parents of children. Half of them had experience with caring for their own child who has undergone at least one ear infection. Respondents were before the start of the interview informed about the reason and purpose of the research. Interviews were held up with the express consent of each respondent addressed. Interviews were carried out on a pre-arranged location in the period March-May 2014. They were recorded using a voice recording and a written record. After that, the interviews were transcribed and processed into categories and subcategories. This gave rise to four categories: Awareness of Parents, Education of Parents, Knowledge of Parents and Inflammation of the Middle Ear.
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