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Analysis of drug problems at hospital department from the pharmacist's point of view
Dvořáčková, Eliška ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee) ; Urbánek, Karel (referee)
práce v anglickém jazyce Title: Analysis of drug problems at hospital department from the pharmacist's point of view Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a medical and economic problem. It affects 10-13 % of the population in European countries and incidence is increasing with every decade of life. The most common cause of kidney failure in patients over 50 years of age is associated with 2. type diabetes and hypertension. Chronic kidney disease is associated with risk of mortality, hospitalization and decreased quality of life. Clinical pharmacist as a specialist in a field of pharmacotherapy collaborates with other health professionals to optimize pharmacotherapy. Proactive approach with active prevention of drug related problems (DRPs) is preferre. Identification and minimization of drug problems together with optimization of pharmacotherapy are the main objectives of clinical pharmacy. Where the prerequisite for the detection and resolution of drug problems is not only knowledge of pharmacology but also other medical disciplines such as biochemistry, microbiology, pathophysiology and epidemiology. This work is one of the first publications of this type in the Czech Republic, which reveals a review of pharmacotherapy in patients with chronic kidney disease and the integration of a pharmacist...
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Analysis of drug problems at hospital department from the pharmacist's point of view
Dvořáčková, Eliška ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee) ; Urbánek, Karel (referee)
práce v anglickém jazyce Title: Analysis of drug problems at hospital department from the pharmacist's point of view Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a medical and economic problem. It affects 10-13 % of the population in European countries and incidence is increasing with every decade of life. The most common cause of kidney failure in patients over 50 years of age is associated with 2. type diabetes and hypertension. Chronic kidney disease is associated with risk of mortality, hospitalization and decreased quality of life. Clinical pharmacist as a specialist in a field of pharmacotherapy collaborates with other health professionals to optimize pharmacotherapy. Proactive approach with active prevention of drug related problems (DRPs) is preferre. Identification and minimization of drug problems together with optimization of pharmacotherapy are the main objectives of clinical pharmacy. Where the prerequisite for the detection and resolution of drug problems is not only knowledge of pharmacology but also other medical disciplines such as biochemistry, microbiology, pathophysiology and epidemiology. This work is one of the first publications of this type in the Czech Republic, which reveals a review of pharmacotherapy in patients with chronic kidney disease and the integration of a pharmacist...
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The influence of pulse glucocorticoid therapy on ECG
Juríková, Nikola ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Rozsívalová, Petra (referee)
Candidate: Nikola Juríková1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: doc. MUDr. Tomáš Soukup, PhD.2 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University 2 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, University Hospital in Hradec Králové Title of the master thesis: Effect of pulse glucocorticoid therapy on ECG Glucocorticoid pulse therapy (PT) is used to terminate acute exacerbations of immunologically mediated diseases. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the influence of methylprednisolone (MP) PT on ECG changes, mainly on QT interval, as prolonged QT interval may induce ventricular arrhythmias and to identify other risk factors (RF) for QT prolongation. Data were gained retrospectively from medical records of patients hospitalized at II. Internal Gastroenterology Clinic of University Hospital Hradec Králové. QT was corrected to QTc using Bazzet (QTcB) and Fridericia (QTcF) formula, QTc >450 ms (men) and QTc >460 ms (women) was considered prolonged. QTc changes before and after pulse therapy were determined as ∆QTc. 325 pulses of MP were administered to 277 patients (66,0 % women), ECG was available in 94,2 % (n=306 from 325). After PT there was significant ∆QTcF 14,6 ms (p <0,001) and ∆QTcB 5,6 ms (p <0,001)....
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Analysis of non-cardiac adverse event of glucocorticoid pulse therapy
Polláková, Lenka ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Macek, Karel (referee)
5 ABSTRACT Candidate: Lenka Polláková1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: doc. MUDr. Tomáš Soukup, Ph.D.2 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University 2 2nd Department of Internal Gastroenterology, University Hospital in Hradec Králové Title of the master thesis: Analysis of non-cardiac adverse event of glucocorticoid pulse therapy Intravenous glucocorticoid pulse therapy (PT GC) is effective in life threatening flares of rheumatic diseases. However, due to GC's pleiotropic effect, higher doses and additive nongenomic mechanism in pulse regimen, it is not free of complications (1). The aim of theoretical part was to describe from literature research the relevance of PT GC, its non- cardiac adverse events (AE) in rheumatic patients and their influencing factors. The aim of experimental part of the study was to analyze the occurrence of non-cardiac AE in real-life setting, analyze risk factors of potential adverse drug reactions (ADR) and its complications and analyze the risk minimalization management in real-life setting. Patients were administered 1000 mg methylprednisolone in 3 to 5 doses on alternating days. Analysis includes 277 rheumatic patients with 325 pulse therapy courses. Data were collected retrospectively from their...
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Real world data and health-economics aspects of treatment of respiratory diseases in the Czech Republic
Valena, Tomáš ; Klimeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Vlček, Jiří (referee)
CharlesUniversityinPrague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Candidate Mgr. TomášValena Supervisor PharmDr. Jiří Klimeš,Ph.D.,MBA Title of RigorosumThesis Real world data and health-economicaspectsoftreatment of respiratory diseasesinthe CzechRepublic The aim of this PharmD thesis was to present comprehensive commentary on author`s publications focusingonthe healtheconomicsaspectsandreal worlddatainthe areaof healthtechnologiesinthe CzechRepublic,specificallyforrespiratorydiseases. The Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a multidisciplinary evaluation process that assess information on medical, social, economic (cost-effectiveness and budget impact) and ethical aspects relatedtothe use of ahealthtechnologythroughoutitslifespan.Healtheconomicsandevidencefrom real worldare an integral partof HTA. Research focuses on the importance and application of data collection and adaptation of health economic analyses in conditions of local clinical practice in the treatment of respiratory diseases, namely chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe asthma. This data could be subsequentlyusedasatool for value demonstrationformanagedentryof the drugwhere there isan uncertaintyfromregulatororpayer,whetheronthe side of outcomesorcosts of intervention. The...
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The analysis of drug-related problems potentially leading to hospitalization among geriatric patients
Očovská, Zuzana ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Rozsívalová, Petra (referee)
Candidate: Zuzana Očovská1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: PharmDr. Martina Maříková2 1 Department Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University 2 University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hospital Pharmacy, Head of the Division of Clinical Pharmacy Title of the master thesis: The analysis of drug-related problems potentially leading to hospitalization among geriatric patients Hospital admissions due to drug-related problems (DRPs) represent a relevant clinical issue with significant economic consequences. Polypharmacy and age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes make elderly patients particularly prone to develop DRP. The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis was to introduce the issue of drug-related problems and to outline the results of previous studies concerning drug-related hospitalizations among geriatric patients. The aim of the practical part was to determine the prevalence of DRP potentially leading to hospitalization and to identify the most common medication classes involved in these DRPs. Over the period of six months 200 admissions to geriatric ward of III. Internal Gerontometabolic Clinic of University Hospital Hradec Králové have been retrospectively evaluated in order to determine whether the...
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The clinical application of bioimpedance spectroscopy in polytrauma patients and in pregnant women
Josková, Věra ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Vlček, Jiří (referee) ; Kacerovský, Marian (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Věra Josková Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Miloslav Hronek, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: The clinical application of bioimpedance spectroscopy in polytrauma patients and in pregnant women Introduction and Objectives: Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is a non-invasive method determining the amount of body fluids and their distribution into the extracellular (ECW) and intracellular (ICW) space, based on the tissue resistance. It has already been applied in many clinical trials in healthy volunteers and in different groups of patients to assess body composition. Furthermore, it seems to be useful in nutritional counseling. However, in critically ill patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) or in pregnant women, this method has not been used in routine clinical practice as yet. Both of these groups are characterized by the state of increased body fluids. For this reason, BIS could be applied in respective groups of patients. Hence, the main aims of this doctoral thesis were: 1) to describe in detail the principle and the previous use of BIS; 2) to use the BIS to determine the degree of hyperhydratation of patients with polytrauma (PP), and to evaluate the results with the...
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The analysis of drug-related problems potentially leading to hospitalization among geriatric patients
Očovská, Zuzana ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Rozsívalová, Petra (referee)
Candidate: Zuzana Očovská1 Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Vlček, CSc.1 Consultant: PharmDr. Martina Maříková2 1 Department Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University 2 University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hospital Pharmacy, Head of the Division of Clinical Pharmacy Title of the master thesis: The analysis of drug-related problems potentially leading to hospitalization among geriatric patients Hospital admissions due to drug-related problems (DRPs) represent a relevant clinical issue with significant economic consequences. Polypharmacy and age-related pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes make elderly patients particularly prone to develop DRP. The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis was to introduce the issue of drug-related problems and to outline the results of previous studies concerning drug-related hospitalizations among geriatric patients. The aim of the practical part was to determine the prevalence of DRP potentially leading to hospitalization and to identify the most common medication classes involved in these DRPs. Over the period of six months 200 admissions to geriatric ward of III. Internal Gerontometabolic Clinic of University Hospital Hradec Králové have been retrospectively evaluated in order to determine whether the...
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The analysis of self-medication with antibiotics in Kaliningrad region - pilote study
Matveicheva, Kira ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Abtract Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Title of diploma thesis: The analysis of self-medication with antibiotics in Kaliningrad region - pilote study Student: Kira Matveicheva Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Jiří Vlček, Ph.D. Consultant: Tatiana Belkina, Ph.D. Objectives: In the theoretical part, I will focus on the self-medication with antibiotics, including its causes and consequences, and the problems associated with the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the probability and reasons of self-medication with antibiotics in the Kaliningrad region. Methods: A study was conducted from July-August 2015 of community pharmacists and pharmaceutical assistants in Kaliningrad region, Russia. The theoretical part contains a literature research about self-medication with antibiotics and antibiotic resistance which was performed through using PubMed. The main keywords which were used were: "self- medication; antibiotics use; antimicrobial resistance". In practical part was used a self- administered questinnaire to assess antibiotic dispensing without a medical prescription by pharmacists/ pharmaceutical assistants and causes of self-medication practices. Results: Eighty questionnaires were completed, with a...
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